本文選題：蒸發(fā)冷凍　切入點：海水淡化　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：面對當(dāng)前嚴(yán)峻的淡水危機(jī),尋求高效節(jié)能的海水淡化方法成為能源與水資源領(lǐng)域國內(nèi)外共同關(guān)注的焦點。本文在對現(xiàn)有海水淡化方法分析的基礎(chǔ)上,給出了一種新型高效的冷凍淡化方法-濕度差驅(qū)動的蒸發(fā)冷凍海水淡化方法,并對該淡化過程的傳熱傳質(zhì)特性進(jìn)行了研究。論文給出了濕度差驅(qū)動的蒸發(fā)冷凍熱質(zhì)傳遞模型,分析了影響海水溶液凍結(jié)的主要因素。討論了蒸發(fā)凍結(jié)過程中空氣與水的熱質(zhì)傳遞過程,推導(dǎo)出蒸發(fā)冷凍法海水淡化的理論耗能量,并對顯熱與潛熱傳遞對溶液蒸發(fā)冷凍產(chǎn)生的驅(qū)動勢進(jìn)行了對比分析。應(yīng)用Fluent軟件分析了蒸發(fā)冷凍過程中水、水蒸氣、冰三相的分布狀態(tài)及蒸發(fā)凍結(jié)現(xiàn)象,討論了對流傳質(zhì)系數(shù)與結(jié)冰量之間的關(guān)系。分析了空氣濕度差、空氣流速與水槽長度對蒸發(fā)冷凍過程中的傳質(zhì)通量與傳質(zhì)系數(shù)的影響,討論了空氣流動過程中雷諾數(shù)與傳質(zhì)系數(shù)的關(guān)系。搭建了濕度差驅(qū)動的蒸發(fā)冷凍海水淡化試驗裝置,對不同濕度差與氣流流速作用下海水溶液的凍結(jié)進(jìn)行了試驗研究,將試驗結(jié)果與理論模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對比分析,兩者具有較好的一致性。研究結(jié)果表明:蒸發(fā)冷凍法海水淡化過程中結(jié)冰量的主要影響因素為空氣進(jìn)出口濕度差與氣流流速,相同條件下濕度差越大,結(jié)冰量越大;氣流流速越大,結(jié)冰量越大。同時,水槽長度也是影響蒸發(fā)傳質(zhì)效果的重要因素,水槽長度越大,熱質(zhì)交換完成度越好。
[Abstract]:In the face of the severe freshwater crisis, it has become a common focus in the field of energy and water resources to seek high efficiency and energy saving desalination methods. Based on the analysis of existing desalination methods, In this paper, a new and efficient desalination method, evaporative desalination method driven by humidity difference, is presented, and the heat and mass transfer characteristics of the desalination process are studied. A model of evaporative freezing heat and mass transfer driven by humidity difference is presented in this paper. The main factors affecting the freezing of sea aqueous solution are analyzed. The heat and mass transfer process between air and water during evaporation and freezing is discussed, and the theoretical energy consumption of evaporative freezing desalination of seawater is deduced. The driving potential of solution evaporation and freezing produced by sensible heat transfer and latent heat transfer are compared and analyzed. The distribution state and evaporation freezing phenomenon of water, water vapor and ice in the process of evaporation and freezing are analyzed by Fluent software. The relationship between convection mass transfer coefficient and ice formation is discussed, and the effects of air humidity difference, air velocity and flume length on mass transfer flux and mass transfer coefficient during evaporation and freezing are analyzed. The relationship between Reynolds number and mass transfer coefficient during air flow is discussed. An evaporative desalination test device driven by humidity difference is built, and the freezing of seawater solution under different humidity difference and airflow velocity is studied experimentally. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical simulation results, and the results show that the main factors affecting the ice content in the process of seawater desalination by evaporative freezing method are the difference of air inlet and outlet humidity and the air flow velocity. Under the same conditions, the greater the humidity difference, the greater the freezing amount, the greater the flow velocity, the greater the ice concentration. At the same time, the length of the tank is also an important factor affecting the effect of mass transfer of evaporation. The larger the length of the tank, the better the degree of heat and mass exchange.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P747

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本文編號：1683336