本文選題：海水淡化　切入點(diǎn)：鹽水循環(huán)　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水是人類(lèi)賴(lài)以生存的基本物質(zhì),水資源是一個(gè)國(guó)家可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要指標(biāo),淡水資源缺乏正在成為全球廣泛存在且日益嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問(wèn)題,它正在制約社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,成為繼能源之后又一個(gè)引發(fā)國(guó)際沖突、地區(qū)矛盾和社會(huì)恐慌的焦點(diǎn)。我國(guó)是世界上最嚴(yán)重的缺水國(guó)之一,海水淡化是解決水資源短缺的重要途徑。海水淡化現(xiàn)已得到國(guó)家的高度重視。我國(guó)是海洋大國(guó),海岸線漫長(zhǎng),沿海具有大量島嶼,許多海島上不具有淡水水源,以往淡水的消耗靠接雨水和從陸地運(yùn)輸,極不穩(wěn)定且成本較高。海水淡化技術(shù)的發(fā)展將為這些島嶼提供新的重要淡水來(lái)源。另外,遠(yuǎn)離大陸的船舶需要攜帶淡水或進(jìn)行海水淡化,目前大型遠(yuǎn)洋船舶都采用海水淡化方式補(bǔ)水。我國(guó)已成為世界造船大國(guó),但高效率的船用造水機(jī)還依賴(lài)于進(jìn)口,我國(guó)目前還缺乏自主的海水淡化裝置設(shè)計(jì)制造能力,與我國(guó)造船大國(guó)地位不相適應(yīng),也大大降低了我國(guó)造船業(yè)的利潤(rùn)空間,使得我國(guó)的造船效益大打折扣。鑒于此,本文提出一種具有鹽水循環(huán)的船用小型多效蒸發(fā)海水淡化系統(tǒng),利用船舶動(dòng)力余熱作為熱源,裝置結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,適于對(duì)場(chǎng)地要求嚴(yán)格的海島、遠(yuǎn)洋輪船、大型艦船等場(chǎng)所。主要內(nèi)容如下：1.對(duì)低溫多效蒸發(fā)海水淡化系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行熱力計(jì)算,分析蒸發(fā)／冷凝器效數(shù)、海水流程、鹽水流程對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能的影響。2.創(chuàng)造性地提出具有鹽水循環(huán)的50T/d小型船用多效蒸發(fā)海水淡化系統(tǒng)流程,分析其性能參數(shù),并與常規(guī)流程進(jìn)行比較,總結(jié)鹽水循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。3.針對(duì)所提出的具有鹽水循環(huán)的系統(tǒng),開(kāi)展50T/d小型船用多效蒸發(fā)海水淡化裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)分析。
[Abstract]:Water is the basic material on which human beings depend for survival. Water resources are an important indicator of a country's sustainable development. The lack of fresh water resources is becoming a widespread and increasingly serious social problem in the world, and it is restricting the development of social economy. It has become the focus of international conflicts, regional conflicts and social panic after energy. China is one of the world's worst water-deficient countries. Seawater desalination is an important way to solve the shortage of water resources. Seawater desalination has been attached great importance to by the country. China is a large marine country with a long coastline, a large number of islands along the coast, and many islands do not have fresh water sources. In the past, the consumption of fresh water depended on Rain Water and land transport, which was extremely unstable and costly. The development of desalination technology would provide these islands with new and important sources of fresh water. Ships far away from the mainland need to carry fresh water or desalinate seawater. At present, large ocean-going ships use seawater desalination to replenish their water. China has become a shipbuilding power in the world, but efficient marine water generators still rely on imports. Our country still lacks the independent seawater desalination plant design and manufacture ability at present, does not adapt to our country shipbuilding big country status, also greatly reduces our country shipbuilding industry profit space, causes our country shipbuilding benefit to be greatly reduced. In this paper, a small marine multi-effect evaporative desalination system with brine circulation is proposed, which uses the ship's power waste heat as the heat source. The device is compact and suitable for ocean-going ships with strict site requirements. Large ships and other places. The main contents are as follows: 1.Thermodynamic calculation of low-temperature multi-effect evaporative desalination system, analysis of evaporation / condenser efficiency, seawater flow, The effect of brine process on the system performance. 2. Creatively put forward the 50T/d multi-effect evaporative seawater desalination system with brine cycle, analyze its performance parameters, and compare it with the conventional process. The advantages of brine circulation system are summarized. The structural design and analysis of 50T/d small marine multi-effect evaporative seawater desalination unit is carried out in view of the proposed system with brine circulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P747

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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2 陳志愷;中國(guó)水資源的可持續(xù)利用問(wèn)題[J];水文;2003年01期

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本文編號(hào)：1682714