本文選題：STC12L5A40S2　切入點(diǎn)：海洋浮標(biāo)　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人類(lèi)社會(huì)不斷的發(fā)展和人口的增加,環(huán)境污染越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,生態(tài)環(huán)境遭到破壞,全球氣候環(huán)境變的越來(lái)越惡劣,各種自然災(zāi)害頻頻出現(xiàn)。海洋作為地球生態(tài)循環(huán)的重要組成部分,在全球氣候調(diào)節(jié)中扮演重要角色[1]。為了更好的研究全球氣候,需要更多地了解海洋。二十世紀(jì)四十年代末到五十年代初,海洋浮標(biāo)技術(shù)的誕生,為人類(lèi)更好的了解海洋,開(kāi)發(fā)海洋,邁出重要一步[2]。浮標(biāo)系統(tǒng)不僅體積小、功能多樣,而且能在各種惡劣的環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的工作。正是由于具備這些特點(diǎn),逐步成為人類(lèi)研究海洋,開(kāi)發(fā)利用海洋資源的重要工具[3-4],成為了海洋監(jiān)測(cè)領(lǐng)域數(shù)據(jù)的主要來(lái)源。隨著現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,海洋浮標(biāo)廣泛的應(yīng)用于船舶導(dǎo)航、海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、海底探查、海洋氣候監(jiān)測(cè)等,涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境、氣候、軍事、能源等諸多領(lǐng)域。本文依托于中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)極地科學(xué)考察項(xiàng)目,與中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)及國(guó)家海洋技術(shù)中心合作,綜合北極氣候條件以及北極科研數(shù)據(jù)的需求,設(shè)計(jì)了一款低功耗、高可靠性、低成本的新型極地海洋浮標(biāo)——冰基拖曳式海洋浮標(biāo)。其功能是采集北極氣象參數(shù)、100米垂直剖面的海水的鹽度和溫度,并且監(jiān)測(cè)北極海冰的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。該浮標(biāo)由冰上浮體和冰下剖體兩部分組成。冰上浮體括冰上數(shù)據(jù)采集、ARGOS衛(wèi)星通訊和供電系統(tǒng)。冰上數(shù)據(jù)采集以STC12L5A40S2作為核心控制器,搭載了溫濕度傳感器、氣壓傳感器、GPS衛(wèi)星定位模塊,通過(guò)一系列算法和C語(yǔ)言編程技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的采集和傳輸。供電系統(tǒng)采用可充電鋰電池給系統(tǒng)供電,充分利用極地的風(fēng)力資源,設(shè)計(jì)出一款垂直軸風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)為鋰電池充電,大大提高了浮標(biāo)的使用壽命。冰下剖體部由一根100米電纜與冰上部分進(jìn)行連接,搭載了CTD傳感器、電控閥、油泵、油囊。利用STC12L5A40S2控制CTD進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集,通過(guò)“485”通訊協(xié)議與冰上部分進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)交互�？刂齐娍亻y、油泵來(lái)改變油囊體積,控制剖體上浮和下沉。在上浮過(guò)程中每隔一米采集一次海水的溫度、鹽度以及海水的深度參數(shù)。經(jīng)過(guò)一年多的努力,從項(xiàng)目方案論證、元器件選取,結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、硬件電路平臺(tái)搭建以及軟件系統(tǒng)的編寫(xiě),在滿足需求的同時(shí),盡可能的提高浮標(biāo)的穩(wěn)定性和低功耗的特性。由于實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)地的限制,實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試拷機(jī)只能在實(shí)驗(yàn)室完成。經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)多月的實(shí)驗(yàn)拷機(jī)測(cè)試和撫仙湖100米水下實(shí)驗(yàn),基本滿足預(yù)定的要求,正準(zhǔn)備投放北極。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of human society and the increase of population, the environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, the ecological environment has been destroyed, and the global climate environment is getting worse and worse. The ocean, as an important part of the earth's ecological cycle, plays an important role in global climate regulation [1]. From the end of 1940s to the beginning of 50s, the birth of ocean buoy technology is an important step for mankind to better understand and develop the ocean. [2] the buoy system is not only small in size, but also versatile in function. And to be able to work steadily for a long time in a variety of harsh environments. It is precisely because of these characteristics that man has gradually become a man in the study of the oceans, The important tools for exploiting and utilizing marine resources [3-4] have become the main sources of data in the field of ocean monitoring. With the development of modernization, marine buoys have been widely used in ship navigation, marine environment monitoring, seabed exploration, marine climate monitoring, etc. This paper relies on the Polar Science Exploration Project of China Ocean University, and cooperates with China Ocean University and the National Marine Technology Center, which is involved in many fields, such as economy, environment, climate, military affairs, energy, etc. Taking into account Arctic climate conditions and the requirements of Arctic scientific data, a low power consumption, high reliability, A low cost new polar ocean buoy-ice-based towed ocean buoy. Its function is to capture the salinity and temperature of seawater in the 100m vertical profile of the Arctic meteorological parameter. The buoy consists of two parts: the ice floatation body and the subglacial body. The ice floatation body includes the data acquisition on the ice and the ARGOS satellite communication and power supply system. The data collection on the ice uses STC12L5A40S2 as the core controller. It carries temperature and humidity sensor, air pressure sensor and GPS satellite positioning module, realizes data acquisition and transmission through a series of algorithms and C language programming technology. The power supply system uses rechargeable lithium battery to supply power to the system. Making full use of the polar wind resources, a vertical axis wind generator is designed to charge the lithium battery, which greatly improves the service life of the buoy. Electronic control valve, oil pump, oil capsule. Use STC12L5A40S2 to control CTD for data acquisition, data exchange with the ice part through "485" communication protocol. Control electronic control valve, oil pump to change the volume of oil capsule, The temperature, salinity and depth parameters of seawater are collected at intervals of one meter during the process of floating. After more than one year's effort, the project scheme, the selection of components and components, the structure design, The hardware circuit platform and the software system can meet the requirements and improve the stability and low power consumption of the buoy as much as possible. After more than a month of test and test and 100 meters underwater experiment in Fuxian Lake, it basically meets the scheduled requirements and is preparing to put into the North Pole.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P715.2

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