本文關(guān)鍵詞： 固定錨腚拖曳錨 偏心系數(shù) 錨腚角 運動軌跡 模型試驗　出處：《河北科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文深海浮式結(jié)構(gòu)必須在海底設(shè)置承受拉力的錨泊基礎(chǔ),固定錨腚拖曳錨因其具有重量輕、操作方便、成本低、可重復(fù)利用等優(yōu)點被廣泛應(yīng)用。離心機實驗和模型試驗是研究拖曳錨在土中運動的主要方法。由于土體不透明,一些試驗通常剖開土體觀測板錨的運動及位置,另一些試驗使用傳感器測量,但效果不佳。因此,如何能直接觀測板錨在土中的運動,是板錨在土中運動規(guī)律研究的關(guān)鍵。本文在國家自然科學(xué)基金項目“飽和-非飽和圍巖峰后力學(xué)特性研究”(Nos.51274079)、“低滲煤層注入液氮致裂機理研究”(Nos.51574139)和河北省自然科學(xué)基金項目“海洋深水錨的土力學(xué)機理研究”(Nos.E2015208089)的資助下,自制了基于透明土的板錨拖曳試驗裝置,利用該裝置研究了偏心系數(shù)和錨腚角對固定錨腚拖曳錨嵌入運動的影響規(guī)律,為拖曳錨的試驗研究提供了新的思路。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容包括:(1)制備了熔融石英砂透明土和水溶珠透明土;(2)自制了由玻璃水槽、板錨拖曳系統(tǒng)、圖像采集及后處理系統(tǒng)、水溶珠透明土組成的板錨拖曳試驗裝置;(3)利用自制試驗裝置進行拖曳錨嵌入試驗,研究了偏心系數(shù)和錨腚角對固定錨腚拖曳錨運動特性的影響;(4)運用Neubecker模型預(yù)測了本文模型錨的拖曳軌跡。通過本文研究主要獲得如下結(jié)論:1)本文試驗裝置可直接觀測板錨拖曳過程中的運動軌跡,這為板錨在土中運動規(guī)律研究提供了一種方法。2)錨眼法向偏心距和切向偏心距不是獨立系數(shù),偏心系數(shù)能綜合描述錨眼偏心對板錨在土中運動的影響。3)錨腚角是影響板錨在土中運動的重要參數(shù),隨著錨腚角增加,板錨最終嵌土深度先增加后減小,對于飽和軟粘土,錨腚角為50°~60°時,嵌土深度最大。4)隨著錨眼偏心系數(shù)增加,板錨最終嵌土深度先增加后減小,偏心系數(shù)0.3時,嵌土深度最大。5)Neubecker模型基本能較好預(yù)測板錨在土中的運動規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the deep sea floating structure must be provided with the anchor foundation to bear the pull force on the bottom of the sea. The anchor is fixed and towed because of its light weight, convenient operation and low cost. The advantages of reusability are widely used. Centrifuge experiments and model tests are the main methods to study the movement of towed anchors in the soil. Because of the opacity of the soil, some tests usually dissect the motion and position of the anchor of the soil observation plate. Other experiments use sensors to measure them, but the results are not good. So how can we directly observe the movement of plate anchors in the soil, It is the key to study the motion law of slab and anchor in soil. In the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, "study on post-peak mechanical properties of saturated-unsaturated surrounding rock" (Nos.512740799), "study on mechanism of injecting liquid nitrogen into low permeability coal seam" (Nos.51574139) and natural science of Hebei Province. Funded by the fund project, "study on the soil Mechanics Mechanism of Marine Deep Water Anchors", funded by "Nos.E2015208089", The self-made plate anchor towing test device based on transparent soil is used to study the influence of eccentricity coefficient and anchor angle on the embedded motion of fixed anchor drag anchor. The main research contents of this paper include the preparation of fused quartz sand transparent soil and water-soluble bead transparent soil, and the self-made glass flume, plate anchor towing system, image acquisition and post-processing system. Water soluble bead transparent soil composed of plate anchor towing test apparatus, using self-made test equipment to carry out towing anchor embedding test, The influence of eccentricity coefficient and angle of anchor on the motion characteristics of fixed anchor drag anchor is studied. (4) Neubecker model is used to predict the towing trajectory of the anchor in this paper. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the test device in this paper can directly predict the drag trajectory of the model anchor. The track of motion in the course of the anchor towing of the observation plate, This provides a method for studying the motion of plate anchors in soil. 2) normal eccentricity and tangential eccentricity are not independent coefficients. Eccentricity coefficient can describe the influence of eccentricity of anchor eye on the movement of plate anchor in soil. 3) the angle of anchor bottom is an important parameter that affects the motion of plate anchor in soil. With the increase of anchor angle, the depth of embedded soil increases first and then decreases, for saturated soft clay, When the angle of anchoring is 50 擄or 60 擄, the maximum depth of soil embedded. 4) with the increase of eccentric coefficient of anchor eye, the ultimate depth of embedded soil increases first and then decreases. When the eccentricity coefficient is 0.3, the maximum depth of embedded soil. 5. Neubecker model can basically predict the movement law of plate anchor in soil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P75

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本文編號：1556255