本文關(guān)鍵詞： 深海 水合物 采樣保真筒 保壓特性 仿真 優(yōu)化　出處：《浙江大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高,煤炭、石油等不可再生能源的消耗逐步增大,深海天然氣水合物作為一種儲量巨大的清潔能源成為世界應對能源危機的一個重要方向。我國現(xiàn)有的天然氣水合物采樣器由于海地質(zhì)軟硬、加工成本、船載能力等因素,可取芯長度有限,無法滿足南海的勘探需要。本文所提的新型采樣器以及設計的專用的氣墊式保真筒可望在滿足保壓要求的前提下,實現(xiàn)深海天然氣水合物的大深度取芯。 本文共分七章進行介紹： 第一章主要介紹了天然氣水合物的資源背景和國內(nèi)外深海天然氣水合物采樣設備的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了本文的研究意義、研究目的和研究的內(nèi)容; 第二章提出一種新型的天然氣水合物鉆機,并對鉆機各部分的組成結(jié)構(gòu)進行介紹描述,同時對該設備實現(xiàn)深海天然氣水合物的大深度保真取樣的工作原理進行了說明； 第三章介紹了本文研究的重點,新型天然氣水合物鉆機的專用保真設備——氣墊式保真筒,詳細描述了氣墊式保真筒的保壓原理和筒體各部分結(jié)構(gòu)的尺寸設計; 第四章針對氣墊式保真筒的保壓性能進行了理論研究和實驗驗證,其中理論研究主要包括樣品自身體積變化對保真筒保壓性能的影響分析,和氣墊式保真筒采樣終了壓降模型的建立及仿真。模擬采樣實況進行試驗驗證,結(jié)果表明理論分析具有準確性； 第五章對影響氣墊式保真筒保壓性能的主要工作參數(shù)：預充壓力Ppre,結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)：氣腔長度hg、筒體長度h、筒體內(nèi)徑d、和筒體壁厚δ進行仿真分析,由分析結(jié)果知,Ppre、hg、δ與采樣終了壓降值負相關(guān),且對其影響較大,h和di與采樣終了壓降值正相關(guān),對其影響較��； 第六章以氣墊式保真筒的效率質(zhì)量比的極大化和采樣終了筒內(nèi)壓降的極小化作為優(yōu)化目標,對氣墊式保真筒的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和工作參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化,進行參數(shù)優(yōu)化后的氣墊式保真筒效率質(zhì)量比較初始設計提高12.9%,同時實現(xiàn)完全保壓,總體來說,優(yōu)化效果明顯； 第七章總結(jié)全文,闡述本文的研究成果,提出下一步的研究方向。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the consumption of non-renewable energy such as coal, petroleum and so on is gradually increasing. As a clean energy with huge reserves, deep-sea gas hydrate has become an important direction in the world to deal with the energy crisis. The existing gas hydrate sampler in China is due to factors such as hard and soft marine geology, processing cost, ship-borne capacity, and so on. The new sampler proposed in this paper and the special air cushion type true barrel proposed in this paper are expected to realize the deep core extraction of deep-sea gas hydrate under the condition of keeping pressure. This paper is divided into seven chapters:. The first chapter mainly introduces the natural gas hydrate resource background and the domestic and foreign deep-sea gas hydrate sampling equipment development status, and on this basis proposed the research significance, research purpose and research content; In the second chapter, a new type of gas hydrate drilling rig is proposed, and the structure of each part of the rig is described. At the same time, the working principle of the equipment to realize the deep depth fidelity sampling of deep sea gas hydrate is explained. In the third chapter, the emphasis of this paper is introduced, the special fidelity equipment of the new gas hydrate drilling machine, the air-cushion fidelity cylinder, is described in detail, and the principle of keeping pressure and the dimension design of each part of the cylinder are described in detail. In chapter 4th, the theoretical and experimental study on the pressure retention performance of air-cushion fidelity tube is carried out. The theoretical study mainly includes the analysis of the influence of the volume change of the sample on the pressure retention performance of the vacuum tube. The model of end-sampling pressure drop of air-cushion fidelity cylinder is established and simulated. The experimental results show that the theoretical analysis is accurate. In chapter 5th, the main working parameters which affect the pressure retention performance of air-cushion fidelity cylinder are analyzed by simulation, such as pressure-filled pressure Ppree, structure parameters: gas chamber length HG, cylinder length h, cylinder inner diameter d, and cylinder wall thickness 未. The results show that Pprehg, 未 has a negative correlation with the pressure drop at the end of sampling, and has a great influence on it, and has a positive correlation with the value of the pressure drop at the end of the sampling, but has a little effect on the pressure drop at the end of the sampling. In chapter 6th, the structure parameters and working parameters of air-cushion fidelity tube are optimized with the aim of maximizing the ratio of efficiency and mass and minimizing the pressure drop in the end of the sampling tube. Compared with the initial design, the efficiency and quality of the air-cushion fidelity tube after parameter optimization are improved by 12.9. at the same time, the pressure preservation is completely realized. In general, the optimization effect is obvious. Chapter 7th summarizes the full text, expounds the research results of this paper, and puts forward the next research direction.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P634.3;P742

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