本文關(guān)鍵詞：馬里亞納海溝Challenger Deep的巖石圈流變結(jié)構(gòu)與動力學(xué)分析　出處：《中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 馬里亞納海溝-島弧-海槽系統(tǒng) Challenger Deep 流變學(xué) 重力異常 俯沖彎曲與撕裂

【摘要】：馬里亞納海溝是西太平洋板塊邊緣溝-弧-盆體系構(gòu)造演化的關(guān)鍵地區(qū),其南端的Challenger Deep不僅是地球表面最深點(diǎn),也是馬里亞納海溝、馬里亞納島弧、馬里亞納海槽、西馬里亞納洋脊和帕里西維拉海盆的構(gòu)造匯聚點(diǎn)。開展巖石流變結(jié)構(gòu)與動力學(xué)過程研究對于認(rèn)識Challenger Deep的形成演化具有重要的科學(xué)意義。利用綜合地球物理資料,通過對重、磁數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算分析,研究馬里亞納溝-弧-槽-盆系統(tǒng)的等效黏滯系數(shù)和巖石圈強(qiáng)度等流變學(xué)特征。利用地震資料,勾繪海溝之下貝尼奧夫帶隨深度變化的特征以及陡變形態(tài)。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明:對應(yīng)馬里亞納海溝-島弧-海槽系統(tǒng),自由空氣重力異常向東凸出,形成弧型異常區(qū);區(qū)內(nèi)異常表現(xiàn)為串珠狀線性特征,異常值中間高,兩側(cè)低。不同深度巖石圈累積強(qiáng)度比值表明,海溝南北兩側(cè)地殼上硬下軟,海溝中部地殼上軟下硬。在給定應(yīng)變速率條件下計(jì)算的等效黏滯系數(shù)東高西低,說明西側(cè)構(gòu)造體地殼比東側(cè)構(gòu)造體地殼更容易變形。Challenger Deep巖石圈強(qiáng)度較大,等效黏滯系數(shù)較高,具有上硬下軟的流變學(xué)特征,為板塊俯沖在該區(qū)的彎曲、撕裂與快速翻轉(zhuǎn)提供了重要條件。地震與重力剖面分析表明,Challenger Deep處的巖石圈累積應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度和有效粘滯系數(shù)條件,可以使馬里亞納海溝俯沖帶在重力作用下彎曲、開裂,或部分向南翻轉(zhuǎn)、變陡。
[Abstract]:The Mariana trench is the key area for the tectonic evolution of the trench-arc basin system on the edge of the western Pacific plate. The Challenger Deep at the southern end of the trench is not only the deepest point on the earth's surface. It is also the Mariana Trench, the Mariana Island Arc, and the Mariana trough. The tectonic convergence points of the Western Mariana Ridge and the Palissilla basin. The study of the rock rheological structure and dynamics process for the understanding of Challenger. The formation and evolution of Deep is of great scientific significance. Based on the calculation and analysis of gravity and magnetic data, the rheological characteristics of the Mariana trench-arc-trough basin system, such as equivalent viscosity coefficient and lithospheric strength, are studied. The characteristics of the Benioff belt under the trench and its abrupt variation are plotted. The results show that the gravity anomaly of free air protrudes eastward corresponding to the Mariana trench-island arc-trough system. Forming arc anomaly area; The anomalies in the area are characterized by beaded linear characteristics, high in the middle and low in both sides. The ratio of accumulative strength of lithosphere at different depths indicates that the crust is hard and soft on the north and south sides of the trench. In the middle of the trench, the crust is soft and hard. The equivalent viscosity coefficient calculated under the condition of given strain rate is high and low in the east and west. It shows that the crust of the western tectonic body is more easily deformed than that of the eastern tectonic body. The Deep lithosphere has a stronger strength and a higher equivalent viscosity coefficient, and it has the rheological characteristics of upper and lower hardness and softness. It provides important conditions for plate subduction in this area, such as bending, tearing and fast turning. The seismic and gravity profile analysis shows that. The conditions of accumulated stress intensity and effective viscosity coefficient of the lithosphere at Challenger Deep can cause the Mariana trench subduction zone to bend, crack or partially flip southward under the action of gravity. Steepen.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院計(jì)算地球動力學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)地球科學(xué)學(xué)院;中國科學(xué)院深�？茖W(xué)與工程研究所;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(41574047,41430319,41174085,91228205) 中國科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略先導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目(XDA1103010102、XDB06030400);中國科學(xué)院創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(KZZD-EW-TZ-19)資助
【分類號】：P736.1
【正文快照】： Challenger Deep(海斗深淵)位于馬里亞納海溝島弧體系南端的俯沖折轉(zhuǎn)部位,它既位于全球最深海溝———馬里亞納海溝體系中最深的位置,又位于現(xiàn)今仍進(jìn)行俯沖匯聚的海底活動構(gòu)造區(qū),因此是研究俯沖帶-大洋島弧-弧后盆地等相關(guān)動力學(xué)問題的關(guān)鍵地區(qū)。 1地質(zhì)與地球物理背景 馬里

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