【摘要】：陜西省位于我國內(nèi)陸腹地,作為能源大省,陜西省的煤儲量、原油儲量、天然氣儲量和油氣產(chǎn)量均居于全國前列,已成為我國西氣東輸、西電東送、西煤東運的重要能源供應(yīng)接續(xù)地。但是,陜西省能源利用面臨著投入、市場和環(huán)境三大約束。陜西省能源供大于求的局面短時間內(nèi)難以改變,工業(yè)鏈條短,產(chǎn)業(yè)集群少,市場集中度不夠高的問題也制約了陜西省能源資源的開發(fā)和利用。同時,工業(yè)“三廢”的過量排放也使得陜西部分地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境急劇惡化。由于資源與環(huán)境之間的矛盾沒有得到根本的解決,因此,如何提高能源的利用效率,減輕能源開采和使用所帶來環(huán)境治理壓力已經(jīng)成為陜西省需要切實關(guān)注的問題。本文通過對國內(nèi)外能源效率相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的梳理和評述,確定了環(huán)境約束下的陜西省全要素能源效率這一研究框架,通過引入方向性距離函數(shù),分別運用DEA模型和ML生產(chǎn)率指數(shù),測算分析了陜西省10個市2002~2012年考慮碳排放與未考慮碳排放兩種情形下的全要素能源效率及其變動分解規(guī)律。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),前者的效率值往往高于后者;2002~2012年碳排放約束下陜西省全要素能源效率的變動呈現(xiàn)出了連續(xù)“N”型的波動趨勢,且大體保持了與技術(shù)進(jìn)步指數(shù)相一致的變化趨勢;關(guān)中、陜南、陜北三大區(qū)域的能源效率變動基本上趨于一致,環(huán)境污染在其中的影響大致相當(dāng),技術(shù)進(jìn)步是其變動的主要動力。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文進(jìn)一步運用回歸模型,從產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、能源消費結(jié)構(gòu)、科技研發(fā)水平和市場化程度四個方面研究和分析了陜西省全要素能源效率的影響因素。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),能源消費結(jié)構(gòu)對陜西省全要素能源效率有著比較顯著的正影響�？萍佳邪l(fā)水平對陜西省全要素能源效率的影響較為不明顯。市場化程度對陜西省全要素能源效率有著十分顯著的正影響。由此,提出了改變陜西省產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)布局、調(diào)整能源消費結(jié)構(gòu)、推進(jìn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變、堅持走環(huán)保清潔型能源利用道路、健全和完善生態(tài)環(huán)境補(bǔ)償機(jī)制等建議。
[Abstract]:Shaanxi Province is located in the hinterland of China. As a major energy province, the coal reserves, crude oil reserves, natural gas reserves and oil and gas production of Shaanxi Province are in the forefront of the country. Shaanxi Province has become the west-east gas transmission and the west-east electricity transmission in China. Transportation of coal from west to east is an important source of energy supply. However, the utilization of energy in Shaanxi Province faces three major constraints: input, market and environment. The situation of energy supply exceeding demand in Shaanxi Province is difficult to change in a short time. The problems of short industrial chain, less industrial clusters and insufficient market concentration also restrict the development and utilization of energy resources in Shaanxi Province. At the same time, the excessive emission of industrial "three wastes" also makes the ecological environment of some areas of Shaanxi worsen sharply. Since the contradiction between resources and environment has not been solved fundamentally, how to improve the efficiency of energy utilization and reduce the pressure of environmental governance caused by energy exploitation and use has become a problem that needs to be paid attention to in Shaanxi Province. Based on the review of domestic and foreign literatures on energy efficiency, this paper determines the research framework of total factor energy efficiency in Shaanxi Province under environmental constraints. By introducing the directional distance function, the DEA model and ML productivity index are used, respectively. The total factor energy efficiency in 10 cities of Shaanxi Province from 2002 to 2012 is calculated and analyzed under the circumstances of considering carbon emissions and not considering carbon emissions, and its changing and decomposing rules are also analyzed. The results show that the efficiency value of the former is often higher than that of the latter, and the variation of total factor energy efficiency in Shaanxi Province under the constraints of carbon emissions from 2002 to 2012 presents a continuous "N" type of fluctuation trend, and generally maintains a change trend consistent with the technological progress index. In Guanzhong, southern and northern Shaanxi, the changes of energy efficiency tend to be consistent, and the influence of environmental pollution is about the same, and the technological progress is the main driving force of the change. On this basis, this paper further uses the regression model, from the industrial structure, energy consumption structure, scientific and technological research and development level and marketization of four aspects to study and analyze the factors affecting the total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province. The results show that the energy consumption structure has a significant positive impact on the total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province. The influence of R & D level on total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province is not obvious. The degree of marketization has a very significant positive impact on the total factor energy efficiency of Shaanxi Province. Therefore, some suggestions are put forward, such as changing the distribution of industrial structure of Shaanxi Province, adjusting the energy consumption structure, promoting the transformation of government functions, adhering to the road of environmental protection and clean energy utilization, and perfecting the compensation mechanism of ecological environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F426.2

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