【摘要】：化油器是傳統(tǒng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)里非常關(guān)鍵的部件,它的過渡孔為發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)從怠速工況向小負(fù)荷工況轉(zhuǎn)變時(shí)提供汽油,過渡孔的位置精度對車輛啟動(dòng)性能、加速性能及低速到高速的銜接影響非常大。傳統(tǒng)上,過渡孔加工一般以節(jié)氣門軸定位,但這種定位方式會(huì)導(dǎo)致裝配后過渡孔位置誤差達(dá)0.5mm以上。本文通過模擬化油器的工作原理,提出了一種新的定位算法,提高了過渡孔的定位精度,改善了化油器的工作性能,使化油器更好地滿足排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。論文主要工作:設(shè)計(jì)了過渡孔加工機(jī)床的工作流程,根據(jù)控制要求選擇了控制系統(tǒng)的硬件。根據(jù)機(jī)床工作情況對關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行了校核。分配了輸入、輸出端口。設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)主電路。選擇了三菱觸摸屏,型號(hào)為GT1265-VNBA。利用觸摸屏界面設(shè)計(jì)軟件設(shè)計(jì)了使用界面,其中包括歡迎界面、主控界面、手動(dòng)界面等,充分考慮了操作機(jī)床的各種情況。根據(jù)伯努利方程,推導(dǎo)出恒流量氣體通過化油器腔時(shí)節(jié)氣門附近負(fù)壓值模型,當(dāng)節(jié)氣門附近負(fù)壓值是-500mm Hg時(shí),節(jié)氣門在水平方向位移4.04mm,與設(shè)計(jì)的4mm相差不大。根據(jù)該流體模型,提出了結(jié)合該機(jī)床的定位方法和PID控制器的一種新的定位算法。利用Matlab軟件仿真了控制算法,得到PID控制器的三個(gè)主要參數(shù)。論文最后設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)算法驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)。該實(shí)驗(yàn)利用電腦讀取PLC的輸出數(shù)據(jù),經(jīng)過數(shù)據(jù)處理后再用電腦將數(shù)據(jù)輸入PLC,并將實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)以圖像輸出。該圖像與仿真圖像一致,并收斂在-500.18mm Hg,滿足過渡孔工作性能,驗(yàn)證了算法的有效性,表明運(yùn)用本文提出的算法,機(jī)床可以實(shí)現(xiàn)精確定位,加工出提供穩(wěn)定負(fù)壓值的過渡孔。
[Abstract]:Carburetor is a very important component in traditional engine. Its transition hole provides gasoline for the engine from idle condition to small load condition. Acceleration performance and low-speed-to-high speed connection are very important. Traditionally, the throttle shaft is usually used in the machining of the transition hole, but the position error of the transition hole after assembly is higher than 0.5mm. By simulating the working principle of carburetor, a new positioning algorithm is proposed in this paper, which improves the positioning accuracy of the transition hole, improves the working performance of the carburetor, and makes the carburetor better meet the discharge standard. The main work of this paper is as follows: the working flow of the machine tool is designed, and the hardware of the control system is selected according to the control requirements. The key parts are checked according to the working condition of the machine tool. The input and output ports are allocated. The main circuit of the system is designed. Mitsubishi touch screen model GT1265-VNBA has been selected. The interface is designed by using touch screen interface design software, including welcome interface, main control interface, manual interface and so on. According to Bernoulli equation, the model of negative pressure near throttle when constant flow gas passes through carburetor cavity is derived. When the negative pressure near throttle is -500mm Hg, the horizontal displacement of throttle is 4.04mm, which is not different from that of 4mm. According to the fluid model, a new positioning algorithm combining the positioning method of the machine tool and the PID controller is proposed. The control algorithm is simulated by Matlab software, and three main parameters of PID controller are obtained. Finally, an algorithm verification experiment is designed. In this experiment, the output data of PLC is read by computer, and the data is input into PLC by computer after data processing, and the experimental data is output by image. The image is consistent with the simulation image and converges to -500.18mm Hg. it satisfies the working performance of the transition hole and verifies the validity of the algorithm. It shows that the machine tool can accurately locate and process the transition hole which provides the stable negative pressure value by using the proposed algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TK403

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