發(fā)布時間：2018-06-13 02:30

  本文選題：有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán) + 低溫余熱��； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：有機(jī)物朗肯循環(huán)(Organic Rankine Cycle,ORC)系統(tǒng)是解決資源利用率低下的一個重要方法。采用有機(jī)朗肯循環(huán)對低溫余熱進(jìn)行回收是一項可行且效率較高的技術(shù),不但對技術(shù)要求較低,而且較容易實(shí)現(xiàn)。ORC對于改善當(dāng)下能源環(huán)境具有非常重大的作用。本文的研究工作有如下幾個方面:1.對部分有機(jī)工質(zhì)飽和性質(zhì)、干濕性、環(huán)保性及其他性質(zhì)進(jìn)行比較,探究了蒸發(fā)溫度、冷凝溫度、過熱度、膨脹機(jī)絕熱效率等對基本ORC熱力性能的影響,得出過熱度對系統(tǒng)性能影響不大這一結(jié)論,相對于水蒸氣朗肯循環(huán)有較大優(yōu)勢。2.建立了三種改進(jìn)型ORC模型——再熱式ORC、回?zé)崾絆RC、抽汽回?zé)崾絆RC,分別探究了再熱壓力比、回?zé)岫�、抽汽壓力對熱力特性的影響。同時分別與基本ORC對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)再熱式ORC最大作用在于能提高膨脹機(jī)輸出功,回?zé)崾絆RC的熱效率明顯提高,回?zé)嵝Ч欠浅Ｃ黠@的,抽汽回?zé)崾絆RC膨脹機(jī)輸出功有較大幅度減少,約為39.62%,這是由于一部分工質(zhì)被用于回?zé)?而循環(huán)熱效率增加了7.22%。3.建立了二次抽氣回?zé)崾絆RC系統(tǒng)模型,對抽汽壓力的選取提出了三種方案,分別對三種方案進(jìn)行計算分析,得出抽汽壓力分別為冷凝器出口溫度和蒸發(fā)器入口溫度等分點(diǎn)方案下對應(yīng)的飽和壓力時熱效率最大。并在最佳抽氣壓力方案下,與一次抽汽回?zé)嵯到y(tǒng)熱力性能進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)熱效率較一次抽氣回?zé)嵯到y(tǒng)提高4個百分點(diǎn)左右。分析了過熱度對二次抽汽回?zé)嵯到y(tǒng)特性的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)過熱度對熱效率影響較小。4.對二次抽氣回?zé)酧RC系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了熱回收效率分析。探究了最佳抽氣壓力方案下,蒸發(fā)溫度、低溫?zé)嵩戳黧w入口溫度、膨脹機(jī)絕熱效率對熱回收效率的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)存在最佳蒸發(fā)溫度值使膨脹機(jī)輸出功和熱回收效率為極大值。隨熱源流體進(jìn)口溫度升高,(火用)效率降低而系統(tǒng)熱回收效率升高。當(dāng)膨脹機(jī)絕熱效率升高,系統(tǒng)熱效率、(火用)效率及熱回收效率均升高。
[Abstract]:Organic Rankine cycle ORC (Organic Rankine cycle ORC) system is an important method to solve the problem of low resource utilization. Using organic Rankine cycle to recover low temperature waste heat is a feasible and efficient technology, which not only requires low technical requirements, but also has a very important role in improving the current energy environment. The research work of this paper has the following aspects: 1. The effects of evaporation temperature, condensation temperature, superheat, adiabatic efficiency of expander on the thermal properties of basic ORC were investigated by comparing the saturation, dryness, environmental protection and other properties of some organic working fluids. It is concluded that the superheat has little effect on the system performance and has a great advantage over the water vapor Rankine cycle. Three kinds of improved ORC models, reheat ORC, regenerative ORC and extraction regenerative ORC, were established. The effects of reheat pressure ratio, reheat degree and extraction pressure on thermodynamic characteristics were investigated respectively. At the same time, compared with the basic ORC, it is found that the most important function of the reheat ORC is to increase the output work of the expander, the thermal efficiency of the regenerative ORC is obviously improved, the regenerative effect is very obvious, and the output work of the exhaust steam regenerative ORC expander is greatly reduced. This is about 39.62 because some of the working fluids are used to regenerate and the cycle heat efficiency increases by 7.22.3. In this paper, the model of secondary pumping regenerative ORC system is established, and three schemes are put forward to select the extraction pressure, and the three schemes are calculated and analyzed respectively. The maximum thermal efficiency is obtained when the extraction pressure is the outlet temperature of the condenser and the inlet temperature of the evaporator. Under the optimal pumping pressure scheme, the thermal performance of the primary extraction regenerative system is compared with that of the primary extraction regenerative system, and it is found that the thermal efficiency is about 4 percentage points higher than that of the primary extraction regenerative system. The influence of superheat degree on the characteristics of secondary extraction steam recovery system is analyzed. It is found that superheat degree has little effect on thermal efficiency. The heat recovery efficiency of ORC system is analyzed. The effects of evaporation temperature, inlet temperature of low temperature heat source and adiabatic efficiency of expander on heat recovery efficiency were investigated. It is found that there is an optimum evaporation temperature to maximize the output work and heat recovery efficiency of the expander. With the increase of inlet temperature of the heat source fluid, the exergy efficiency decreases and the heat recovery efficiency increases. When the adiabatic efficiency of the expander increases, the exergy efficiency and heat recovery efficiency of the system increase.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TK115

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