本文選題：預(yù)混燃燒　切入點(diǎn)：檢測(cè)　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放作為發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)性能研究的一個(gè)重要組成部分,研究?jī)?nèi)燃機(jī)排放的共性規(guī)律,對(duì)該類型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)正向開發(fā)的概念設(shè)計(jì)和校正、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)臺(tái)架標(biāo)定等都具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義。文章側(cè)重研究了點(diǎn)燃式預(yù)混燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)原排放的關(guān)鍵控制參數(shù)以及共性規(guī)律,力圖建立預(yù)混汽油機(jī)排放、模型設(shè)計(jì)以及運(yùn)行參數(shù)之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。以一臺(tái)單缸汽油機(jī)的燃燒試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)、排放試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)以及運(yùn)行參數(shù)為基礎(chǔ),通過與三臺(tái)先進(jìn)的增壓直噴發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)做對(duì)比,研究點(diǎn)燃式預(yù)混燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)原排放的共性規(guī)律,可為同類發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的正向開發(fā)提供目標(biāo),為其逆向開發(fā)提供評(píng)價(jià)體系。首先進(jìn)行了理論方面的研究。一方面,探索了預(yù)混燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)混合氣的形成過程以及發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放物CO、HC、NO_X的生成機(jī)理。另一方面,研究了主要排放物的檢測(cè)方法及檢測(cè)方面存在的不足。其次,進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的試驗(yàn)。第一步,以一臺(tái)預(yù)混燃燒單缸機(jī)為基礎(chǔ),進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的研究。為了了解單一控制參數(shù)對(duì)排放的影響,每次試驗(yàn)只變動(dòng)一個(gè)控制參數(shù)以達(dá)到試驗(yàn)?zāi)康�。第二�?對(duì)三臺(tái)先進(jìn)的增壓直噴多缸機(jī)進(jìn)行萬(wàn)有特性試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)過程中每次變動(dòng)幾個(gè)不同的控制參數(shù),記錄相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。最后,對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了處理。以單缸機(jī)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合多缸機(jī)各參數(shù)的變化,對(duì)多參數(shù)同時(shí)變化時(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放共性規(guī)律進(jìn)行總結(jié)。單缸機(jī)的研究結(jié)果表明:EGR較小時(shí),滾流比的減弱可以有效降低NO_X排放,最大可降低20%;隨著EGR的逐步增大,滾流比對(duì)NO_X排放的影響逐步降低。當(dāng)點(diǎn)火提前角變化時(shí),HC排放與排氣溫度成反比例關(guān)系;在點(diǎn)火提前角較小時(shí),滾流比對(duì)HC排放的影響較大;而在點(diǎn)火提前角較大時(shí),滾流比對(duì)NO_X排放的影響較大。當(dāng)過量空氣系數(shù)處于1.0~1.6之間時(shí),滾流比對(duì)HC與CO排放影響不大,而在過量空氣系數(shù)較低區(qū)段,滾流比對(duì)NO_X排放的影響較大,可達(dá)40%。多缸機(jī)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表明:能夠引起缸內(nèi)氧氣濃度變化的參數(shù)對(duì)CO排放都會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響,如:過量空氣系數(shù)、RGF等參數(shù),其中過量空氣系數(shù)對(duì)CO排放影響最大。過量空氣系數(shù)、缸內(nèi)壓力、排氣溫度、進(jìn)氣溫度、轉(zhuǎn)速等都能夠影響HC排放。按照影響程度大小,影響NO_X排放的主要因素分別為EGR、扭矩與過量空氣系數(shù)等。
[Abstract]:Engine emissions, as an important part of engine performance research, study the common laws of engine emissions, and design and correct the concept of forward development of this type of engine. The calibration of engine bench has very important guiding significance. In this paper, the key control parameters and common rules of the original emission of ignition premixed combustion engine are studied, and the emission of premixed gasoline engine is established. Based on the combustion test data, emission test data and operating parameters of a single cylinder gasoline engine, the model design is compared with the experimental data of three advanced turbocharged direct injection engines. The study of the common rules of the original emission of the ignition premixed combustion engine can provide a target for the positive development of the same kind of engine and an evaluation system for the reverse development. The formation process of premixed combustion engine mixture and the formation mechanism of engine emission COHCOHCOHCOHCONO X are explored. On the other hand, the detection methods of main emissions and the shortcomings in detection are studied. In order to understand the effect of single control parameter on emission, only one control parameter is changed in each test to achieve the purpose of the test. In this paper, three advanced turbocharged direct injection multi-cylinder machines are tested with universal characteristics. During the test, several different control parameters are changed each time, and the relevant data are recorded. Finally, the relevant data of the experiment are processed, and based on the test data of single cylinder machine, Combined with the variation of multi-cylinder engine parameters, the common rules of engine emission are summarized when the multi-parameters change simultaneously. The results of single-cylinder engine research show that the decrease of roll flow ratio can effectively reduce NO_X emissions when the ratio of NO_X is small. With the increase of EGR, the effect of rolling flow ratio on NO_X emission decreases gradually. When the ignition advance angle changes, the HC emission is inversely proportional to the exhaust temperature, and when the ignition advance angle is small, the effect of rolling flow ratio on HC emission is greater. When the excess air coefficient is between 1.0 and 1.6, the effect of roll ratio on HC and CO emissions is not significant, but in the lower range of excess air coefficient, the effect of rolling flow ratio on NO_X emission is greater when the ignition advance angle is larger, and the effect of rolling flow ratio on CO emission is lower when the excess air coefficient is between 1.0 and 1.6. The effect of rolling flow ratio on NO_X emission can reach 40. The experimental data of multi-cylinder machine show that the parameters that can cause the change of oxygen concentration in the cylinder will affect the CO emission, such as the excess air coefficient and the other parameters, such as the excess air coefficient and so on. The excess air coefficient, pressure in cylinder, exhaust temperature, inlet air temperature, speed and so on can all affect HC emissions. The main factors affecting NO_X emission are EGR, torque and excess air coefficient.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TK411

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