本文選題：對置活塞　切入點：二沖程　出處：《北京理工大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：對置活塞二沖程柴油機（Opposed-piston Two-stroke Diesel Engine，簡稱OP2S）是一種新型往復活塞式內(nèi)燃機。近年來，OP2S以其高效、高功率密度、平衡性好等優(yōu)勢，成為國內(nèi)外眾多科研機構的研究熱點。OP2S的換氣過程與缸內(nèi)過程有著強烈的耦合關系，同時其換氣過程、缸內(nèi)氣流運動都與傳統(tǒng)柴油機不同，但是對于OP2S工作過程及耦合關系的研究還有待進一步深入開展。 本文以折疊曲柄式OP2S為研究對象，針對OP2S與傳統(tǒng)柴油機的不同，采用耦合仿真與試驗研究相結合的方法，開展OP2S工作過程的研究。分析了OP2S工作過程中多過程、多學科間的耦合關系，建立了動力學、熱力學和計算流體力學模型，形成了面向系統(tǒng)仿真研究的仿真平臺。圍繞OP2S耦合條件下發(fā)動機參數(shù)變化對工作過程的影響規(guī)律、缸內(nèi)氣流運動規(guī)律及燃燒特性開展研究。論文的主要研究工作如下： 1、根據(jù)OP2S的工作原理，分析了OP2S工作過程中多過程、多學科間的耦合關系，建立了動力學、熱力學和計算流體力學模型，形成了面向系統(tǒng)仿真研究的仿真平臺。 2、獲得了換氣過程關鍵結構參數(shù)對換氣過程及缸內(nèi)過程特征參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律；依據(jù)參數(shù)影響規(guī)律結果，進一步完善了OP2S換氣過程評價指標。 3、提出了以IMEP為優(yōu)化目標的OP2S換氣過程關鍵結構參數(shù)優(yōu)化方法，通過分析各參數(shù)與評價指標的相關性系數(shù)確定了各參數(shù)與評價指標的相關性程度，最終得到一組換氣系統(tǒng)結構參數(shù)。 4、計算分析了OP2S缸內(nèi)氣流運動的特點�？紤]到換氣過程與缸內(nèi)過程的耦合關系，通過冷流計算，對比分析了渦流進氣口與滾流進氣口對換氣過程及缸內(nèi)氣流運動過程的影響。 5、探索了OP2S缸內(nèi)形成斜軸渦流的方法，提出了采用非對稱氣腔結合渦流進氣口組織缸內(nèi)斜軸渦流的方法，在此基礎上仿真計算了渦流進氣口傾角變化對OP2S工作過程的影響，最終得到最優(yōu)的進氣口傾角。 6、計算分析了噴油規(guī)律曲線形狀、噴油器噴孔直徑及噴孔角度對缸內(nèi)混合氣形成及燃燒過程的影響，，在此基礎上分析獲得最佳噴油規(guī)律曲線形狀、噴油器噴孔直徑及噴孔角度。 7、通過功圖計算的方法，分析試驗測得發(fā)動機示功圖，獲得了OP2S放熱規(guī)律特性及燃燒特性，并試驗研究了OP2S燃燒循環(huán)變動特性。 本文在一定程度上豐富了OP2S工作過程的研究手段，并在工作過程機理的探索上取得了一些有益的成果，為OP2S性能的優(yōu)化提供了支撐，指導了折疊曲柄式OP2S的優(yōu)化設計工作。
[Abstract]:Opposed-piston Two-stroke Diesel engine (OP2S) is a new type of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. In recent years, OP2S has the advantages of high efficiency, high power density and good balance. The exchange process of OP2S has a strong coupling relationship with the in-cylinder process. At the same time, the air exchange process and the in-cylinder airflow movement of OP2S are different from those of the traditional diesel engine. However, the research on the working process and coupling relationship of OP2S still needs to be further developed. In this paper, the folded crank type OP2S is taken as the research object. In view of the difference between OP2S and traditional diesel engine, the method of coupling simulation and experimental study is adopted to carry out the research of OP2S working process, and the multi-process in OP2S working process is analyzed. The dynamics, thermodynamics and computational fluid dynamics models are established, and a simulation platform oriented to system simulation is formed. The influence of engine parameters on the working process under OP2S coupling condition is discussed. The main work of this paper is as follows:. 1. According to the working principle of OP2S, the coupling relation of multi-process and multi-discipline in the process of OP2S is analyzed, the dynamics, thermodynamics and computational fluid dynamics model are established, and the simulation platform for system simulation research is formed. 2. The influence of the key structural parameters on the characteristic parameters of the air exchange process and the in-cylinder process is obtained, and the evaluation index of the OP2S ventilation process is further improved according to the results of the influence law of the parameters. 3. The optimization method of key structural parameters in OP2S ventilation process with IMEP as the optimization objective is proposed. The correlation degree between each parameter and the evaluation index is determined by analyzing the correlation coefficient between each parameter and the evaluation index. Finally, a set of air exchange system structure parameters are obtained. 4. The characteristics of air flow movement in OP2S cylinder are calculated and analyzed. Considering the coupling relationship between air exchange process and cylinder process, the effects of swirl inlet and rolling air inlet on the air exchange process and the flow motion in cylinder are compared and analyzed through cold flow calculation. 5. The method of forming oblique shaft swirl in OP2S cylinder is explored, and the method of using asymmetric air cavity combined with swirl inlet to organize inclined shaft eddy current in cylinder is put forward. On this basis, the influence of swirl inlet inclination angle on OP2S working process is simulated and calculated. Finally, the optimal inlet inclination is obtained. 6. The effects of injection curve shape, injection hole diameter and injection hole angle on the formation and combustion process of fuel mixture in cylinder are calculated and analyzed. On the basis of this, the optimum injection law curve shape, injector hole diameter and injection hole angle are obtained. 7. Through the method of power diagram calculation, the engine indicator diagram is analyzed and measured, and the characteristics of OP2S heat release and combustion are obtained, and the variation characteristics of OP2S combustion cycle are experimentally studied. To some extent, this paper enriches the research methods of OP2S working process, and obtains some beneficial results in the exploration of working process mechanism, which provides the support for the optimization of OP2S performance and guides the optimization design of folded crank type OP2S.
【學位授予單位】：北京理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TK421

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