本文選題：微孔蜂窩　切入點(diǎn)：有限元分析　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：汽輪機(jī)是將蒸汽的能量轉(zhuǎn)換為機(jī)械功的旋轉(zhuǎn)式動(dòng)力機(jī)械,在航空、船舶及核、火電等領(lǐng)域有廣泛應(yīng)用。汽輪機(jī)的密封性與高溫蒸汽的利用率及生產(chǎn)安全緊密相關(guān),傳統(tǒng)的梳齒密封方式因自身缺陷已經(jīng)無法滿足現(xiàn)代汽輪機(jī)的工作要求,近年來逐漸被性能更優(yōu)異的蜂窩密封所取代。但國內(nèi)制造的密封蜂窩質(zhì)量不佳,產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)和技術(shù)支持受制于外國始終制約著我國輪機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)。本文以鎳基高溫合金GH536為微孔金屬蜂窩基體材料,系統(tǒng)研究密封用微孔蜂窩半正六邊形波紋結(jié)構(gòu)的成形工藝和蜂窩帶組裝方法。在明確基體材料特性、蜂窩應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合和質(zhì)量要求的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)金屬塑性成形原理和成形過程力學(xué)分析得到仿真計(jì)算過程中各關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的選取依據(jù)。運(yùn)用有限元分析和實(shí)際驗(yàn)證相結(jié)合的方法,通過仿真分析得到滾壓成形方法關(guān)鍵部件成形輥的齒頂棱邊倒角和齒數(shù)等優(yōu)化幾何參數(shù),以此為依據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)出相應(yīng)的成形裝置。通過滾壓成形驗(yàn)證,對(duì)所研制的成形裝置改進(jìn)優(yōu)化,結(jié)果表明,滾壓法成形箔片過程中箔片兩側(cè)面受力程度不同,成形出的蜂窩半正六邊形波紋結(jié)構(gòu)整體局部彎曲,單齒側(cè)面尺寸不對(duì)稱,難以組裝出合格蜂窩。在分析滾壓成形方式所存在不足的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)性地研究了半正六邊形波紋結(jié)構(gòu)的沖壓成形方法,通過有限元數(shù)值模擬仿真分析得到凸凹模的優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)形式和齒廓棱邊倒角、鄰邊夾角等設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),以此為依據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)沖壓模,并進(jìn)行沖壓成形驗(yàn)證,然后再根據(jù)驗(yàn)證結(jié)果對(duì)模具進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,結(jié)果表明,沖壓法制造的蜂窩半正六邊形波紋結(jié)構(gòu)整體平直,單齒對(duì)稱,鄰邊夾角接近理想值,能滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。以驗(yàn)證過程和結(jié)果為依據(jù),對(duì)基于滾壓法和沖壓法的微孔金屬蜂窩成形方式進(jìn)行了綜合比較分析,指出了各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的影響,并在此基礎(chǔ)上選擇沖壓成形件對(duì)微孔金屬蜂窩成形工藝進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。本文最后還對(duì)基于激光焊接法的微孔金屬蜂窩帶的組裝過程進(jìn)行了研究,通過焊接組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了半正六邊形波紋結(jié)構(gòu)的成形質(zhì)量要求,制造出了長(zhǎng)度為20 mm的蜂窩帶樣件。
[Abstract]:Steam turbine is a rotary power machine which converts steam energy into mechanical power. It is widely used in aviation, ship and nuclear, thermal power, etc. The seal of steam turbine is closely related to the utilization ratio of high temperature steam and the safety of production. The traditional comb seal has been unable to meet the requirements of modern steam turbine due to its own defects. In recent years, it has been gradually replaced by the honeycomb seal with better performance. However, the quality of the seal honeycomb made in China is not good. The supply and technical support of products are restricted by foreign countries, which have always restricted the marine engineering industry in China. In this paper, nickel-based superalloy GH536 is used as microporous metal honeycomb matrix material. The forming process and the assembly method of honeycomb semi-hexagonal corrugated structure for sealing were studied systematically. On the basis of defining the properties of matrix material, the application situation and quality requirement of honeycomb, According to the principle of metal plastic forming and the mechanical analysis of forming process, the basis of selecting the key parameters in the process of simulation calculation is obtained, and the method of combining finite element analysis with practical verification is used. Through the simulation analysis, the optimized geometric parameters such as the top edge chamfering angle and the tooth number of the forming roll are obtained, and the corresponding forming device is designed. The improvement and optimization of the developed forming device show that the two sides of the foil are subjected to different forces in the process of rolling forming foil, and the beehive semi-hexagonal corrugated structure is partially bent and the dimension of the single tooth side is asymmetrical. It is difficult to assemble qualified honeycomb. On the basis of analyzing the deficiency of rolling forming method, the stamping forming method of semi-hexagonal corrugated structure is studied. Through the finite element numerical simulation analysis, the optimized structure form of the convex and concave die and the design parameters such as the chamfering angle of the tooth profile edge and the angle between the adjacent edges are obtained. The stamping die is designed on the basis of which the stamping die is designed, and the stamping forming is verified. Then the die is optimized according to the verification results. The results show that the beehive semi-hexagonal corrugated structure made by the punching method is whole straight, symmetrical with one tooth, and the angle of adjacent edge is close to the ideal value. According to the verification process and results, the forming methods of microporous metal honeycomb based on rolling and stamping methods are compared and analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages are pointed out as well as their effects on product quality. On the basis of this, the forming process of microporous metal honeycomb is optimized and the assembly process of microporous metal honeycomb strip based on laser welding is studied. The forming quality requirement of semi-hexagonal corrugated structure was verified by welding assembly experiment, and a sample of honeycomb strip with length of 20 mm was fabricated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TK266

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