本文關鍵詞：極端低溫環(huán)境下柴油機的快速起動研究　出處：《重慶交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 極端低溫環(huán)境 電磁感應 電熱塞 冷起動 柴油機

【摘要】：由于我國地域遼闊,多地冬季平均溫度都在-10℃以下,其中平均溫度在-25℃以下的地區(qū)占到全國總面積的25%,我國內(nèi)蒙古、新疆、西藏等西北地區(qū)最冷月份平均溫度在-25℃到-41℃之間,最低溫度甚至達到-53℃。近年來柴油機在極端低溫環(huán)境下的冷起動,一直是制約柴油機在西部地區(qū)應用的一個重要因素。針對柴油機在極端低溫下冷起動困難的問題。一些特種車輛,例如急救車輛、軍用戰(zhàn)備車輛等在極端低溫環(huán)境下的快速起動研究顯得尤為重要。本文以-50oC~-30oC這段極端低溫環(huán)境作為研究條件,以某企業(yè)的TY1100型柴油機為研究對象,設計了一種極端低溫下的柴油機冷起動電熱塞方案,并在熱力學和動力學的基礎上,利用熱力學第一定律、質(zhì)量守恒方程、理想氣體狀態(tài)方程等經(jīng)典方程,建立TY1100柴油機在極端低溫環(huán)境下柴油機的數(shù)學模型,并分析研究了柴油機使用該電熱塞后缸內(nèi)溫度隨曲軸轉角的變化,驗證了使用電熱塞實現(xiàn)快速起動的可行性和可靠性。本文主要做了以下幾方面的工作:①對TY1100柴油機在極端低溫環(huán)境下缸內(nèi)的工作過程進行分析,建立柴油機在極端低溫環(huán)境下冷起動的數(shù)學模型,并對柴油機在快速冷起動過程中不同熱力階段的數(shù)學模型進行了簡化,建立了柴油機起動的邊界條件,并對求解過程中遇到的未知數(shù)進行轉化或利用經(jīng)驗進行公式化表達。②分析和建立了TY1100柴油機在極端低溫下快速冷起動過程中的子模型:氣體動力學模型、摩擦損失模型、漏氣模型、氣體換熱與燃燒過程模型。③分析研究了現(xiàn)有電熱塞的結構和材料,改進設計了一種適合極端低溫環(huán)境下的應急啟動電熱塞,包括結構設計和材料選型,并分析建立電熱塞的數(shù)學模型,驗證了其相關指標。④利用龍格庫塔法求解常微分方程的數(shù)學計算方法,使用C語言軟件對所建立的數(shù)學模型進行了編程,得到了發(fā)動機缸內(nèi)溫度與曲軸轉角的關系曲線、漏氣質(zhì)量流率與缸內(nèi)壓力的關系曲線等。⑤分析了TY1100低溫環(huán)境下柴油機冷起動困難的主要原因并提出相關的解決方案。同時與常溫下柴油機的起動進行了對比性分析,驗證了在極端低溫環(huán)境下使用本文提出的電熱塞對柴油機起動過程產(chǎn)生的影響。驗證本文提出的電磁感應電熱塞的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Because of China's vast territory, more than the average winter temperature at -10 DEG C, the average temperature at -25 degrees below the region accounted for 25% of the total area of Northwest China, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Tibet, the coldest month average temperature at -25 degrees to -41 degrees, the minimum temperature even reaches -53 DEG C. In recent years, the cold start of diesel engine in extreme low temperature environment has been an important factor restricting the application of diesel engine in the western region. It is difficult for diesel engine to start cold starting at extreme low temperature. Some special vehicles, such as emergency vehicles and military combat vehicles, are particularly important in the study of fast start in extreme low temperature environment. In this paper -50oC~-30oC this period of extreme low temperature environment as the research condition of an enterprise based on the TY1100 diesel engine as the research object, the design scheme of a starting electric plug of extreme low temperature of the diesel engine under cold, and on the basis of thermodynamics and kinetics, using the first law of thermodynamics, mass conservation equation and the state equation of ideal gas and other classic the establishment of TY1100 equation, mathematical model of diesel diesel engine in extreme low temperature environment machine, and analysis of the diesel engine using the electric plug temperature inside the cylinder changes with the crank angle, verify the feasibility and reliability of using electric heating plug to achieve quick start. This paper mainly do the following work: analysis of TY1100 diesel engine working process in extreme low temperature environment inside the cylinder, establishing mathematical model of the diesel engine in the extreme low temperature environment in cold start, and the diesel engine in cold starting fast mathematical model of different thermal phase in the process was simplified, is established diesel engine starting conditions, and to meet in the process of solving the unknown transformation or formula expressed by experience. (2) the sub model of TY1100 diesel engine in the process of rapid cold start at extreme low temperature is analyzed and established: the gas dynamic model, the friction loss model, the leakage model, the gas heat transfer and combustion process model. The analysis of the structure and material of existing electric plug, improved design of a suitable emergency start electric extreme low temperature environment plug, including the structural design and material selection, and analyzes the mathematical model of the glow plug, verify the relevant indicators. Fourth, we use Runge Kutta method to solve the ordinary differential equation's mathematical calculation method. We programmed the mathematical model by using C language software, and got the relationship curve between the cylinder temperature and the crankshaft angle, the relationship between the leakage mass flow rate and the cylinder pressure. The main reasons for the difficult cold start of diesel engine in TY1100 low temperature environment are analyzed and the relevant solutions are put forward. At the same time, a comparative analysis is made with the start of diesel engine at normal temperature. The influence of the electric plug on diesel engine starting process is verified under extreme low temperature. The feasibility of electromagnetic induction electric plug and verify the proposed validity.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TK421

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1 趙楠;辛U，

本文編號：1347512