DOA架構(gòu)下二三維GIS一體化機(jī)制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-29 18:00
【摘要】：GIS（Geographic Information System，地理信息系統(tǒng)）理論和技術(shù)日趨成熟，GIS應(yīng)用廣泛，已深入到各行各業(yè)，諸如應(yīng)急管理、災(zāi)害監(jiān)測(cè)、交通、電力、地籍管理、測(cè)繪、環(huán)境等[1]。二維GIS系統(tǒng)從桌面GIS開始其整個(gè)發(fā)展歷程，隨著其體系架構(gòu)的不斷發(fā)展，發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在的服務(wù)GIS。二維GIS系統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯，主要是其整體表現(xiàn)能力和空間分析能力強(qiáng)，但其可視化表達(dá)效果不佳，不能滿足用戶日益增加的需要。三維GIS信息表現(xiàn)力更強(qiáng)、展示出更多的空間關(guān)系，給人以真實(shí)感和沉浸感，可視化表達(dá)效果遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過二維GIS。為此，國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)二三維一體化做了大量研究，但少有人關(guān)注數(shù)據(jù)管理和數(shù)據(jù)共享的問題，致使二三維一體化在數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一管理方面仍有改進(jìn)之處。 二維三維GIS系統(tǒng)在應(yīng)急管理中的應(yīng)用仍存在問題[2]：應(yīng)急GIS技術(shù)復(fù)雜、操作頻繁；需整合以空間信息為主的各類數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)異構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)的交換、共享和協(xié)同要求高；處理數(shù)據(jù)的過程復(fù)雜；基于空間信息的網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)能力差，數(shù)據(jù)管理效率低下；基于空間信息的分析和決策過程復(fù)雜。面對(duì)上述諸多問題，需要有新的體系結(jié)構(gòu)來支持。為此，有了GIS數(shù)據(jù)交換更有效、更合理的新型架構(gòu)DOA。 DOA（Data Oriented Architecture,面向數(shù)據(jù)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)）架構(gòu)，是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)模型，它以數(shù)據(jù)為核心，以標(biāo)識(shí)為主線。通過基于XML的數(shù)據(jù)注冊(cè)機(jī)制與數(shù)據(jù)交換規(guī)范，實(shí)現(xiàn)多系統(tǒng)間的數(shù)據(jù)共享和交換。 G/S（General-Browser/Service-Cloud，通用瀏覽器/服務(wù)云）模式，是基于DOA架構(gòu)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息訪問與服務(wù)模式，借鑒了C/S、B/S模式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，以HGML（HyperGeographic Markup Language，超地理標(biāo)記語言）為核心，以基于XML的數(shù)據(jù)注冊(cè)與數(shù)據(jù)交換機(jī)制為主線，通過云服務(wù)下的海量異構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)管理以及客戶端聚合服務(wù)機(jī)制，可以有效解決存儲(chǔ)管理、服務(wù)響應(yīng)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬、信息表達(dá)、操作控制、技術(shù)和分析等瓶頸問題。 本文首先從實(shí)際應(yīng)用出發(fā)，描述了二三維GIS一體化的積極意義，針對(duì)二三維GIS系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建過程中海量、異構(gòu)、實(shí)時(shí)等多種類型數(shù)據(jù)的管理，明確了基于面向數(shù)據(jù)的架構(gòu)（DOA），采用通用瀏覽器/服務(wù)云（G/S）模式。在二三維GIS系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和相關(guān)課題研究基礎(chǔ)之上，繼續(xù)對(duì)以下內(nèi)容做研究： （1）研究二維三維GIS通信技術(shù)研究BlazeDS技術(shù)及其通信過程，以解決Flex與Java的通信問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)二維GIS通信；研究Web服務(wù)的發(fā)布/訂閱消息通信，實(shí)現(xiàn)三維GIS通信。 （2）研究支持二三維GIS數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一管理的數(shù)據(jù)交換規(guī)范研究基于XML的數(shù)據(jù)交換標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以解決應(yīng)急GIS應(yīng)用中海量、異構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)的組織管理問題及異構(gòu)平臺(tái)間消息轉(zhuǎn)換問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)異構(gòu)平臺(tái)通信。 （3）研究二三維通信系統(tǒng)的功能研究二三維通信系統(tǒng)的基本功能模塊。具體包括基于BlazeDS的二維通信和基于WS的三維通信及消息解析轉(zhuǎn)換功能。其中消息解析轉(zhuǎn)換模塊是基于數(shù)據(jù)交換規(guī)范實(shí)現(xiàn)。 建立在上述研究?jī)?nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)和研究成果如下： （1）提出了一種支撐二三維GIS系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)一體化管理的數(shù)據(jù)交換規(guī)范IML。IML（Intergration Markup Language，一體化標(biāo)記語言），是二三維GIS系統(tǒng)的一體化數(shù)據(jù)管理和一體化通信領(lǐng)域的擴(kuò)展和延伸。IML以HGML為基礎(chǔ)，基于XML定義專用數(shù)據(jù)類型，借鑒XML、KML和GML定義語法結(jié)構(gòu)與規(guī)則，兼容OGC相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在分析二三維GIS系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用中涉及到的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)類型和特點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)了一體化數(shù)據(jù)交換規(guī)范IML；并與現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析，提煉出現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)應(yīng)用架構(gòu)，有效解決了數(shù)據(jù)的一體化管理問題，以及一體化服務(wù)器通信中三維GIS通信功能。 （2）提出了一種基于DOA架構(gòu)二三維一體化通信模型基于DOA架構(gòu)，分析二維三維GIS系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn)和類型，建立基于IML的統(tǒng)一數(shù)據(jù)管理機(jī)制，定義了用于三維GIS通信的消息體結(jié)構(gòu)，為異構(gòu)平臺(tái)通信奠定了基礎(chǔ)。圍繞DOA架構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)共享和交換等理念，結(jié)合GIS系統(tǒng)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了DOA架構(gòu)下二三維GIS一體化通信機(jī)制，，在數(shù)據(jù)有效管理和交換共享的基礎(chǔ)上，為二三維一體化奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 （3）設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)基于DOA架構(gòu)下一體化通信模型的二三維一體化GIS系統(tǒng)初步應(yīng)用及簡(jiǎn)單功能在（1）和（2）的創(chuàng)新性工作的基礎(chǔ)上，基于統(tǒng)一數(shù)據(jù)交換規(guī)范IML的設(shè)計(jì)，及一體化通信模型的建立與實(shí)現(xiàn)，整合了二三維GIS系統(tǒng)各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)，初步應(yīng)用在應(yīng)急管理中，并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一體化瀏覽、一體化標(biāo)繪功能。 綜上，本文從二三維GIS的廣泛應(yīng)用到其問題的分析，給出基于DOA架構(gòu)的解決方案，設(shè)計(jì)了基于統(tǒng)一數(shù)據(jù)管理規(guī)范IML，實(shí)現(xiàn)基于DOA架構(gòu)的一體化通信機(jī)制，進(jìn)而完善二三維一體化。
[Abstract]:GIS (geographic information system, geographic information system) theory and technology are becoming more and more mature, and the application of GIS is extensive, and has been in-depth to all walks of life, such as emergency management, disaster monitoring, transportation, power, cadastral management, mapping, environment, etc.[1]. The two-dimensional GIS system starts its whole development process from the desktop GIS, and develops to the present service GIS with the development of its system architecture. The advantages of the two-dimensional GIS system are obvious, the overall performance and spatial analysis ability of the two-dimensional GIS system are strong, but the visual expression effect of the two-dimensional GIS system is not good, and the user can not meet the increasing demands of the user. The three-dimensional GIS information is more expressive, showing more spatial relations, giving people a sense of realism and immersion, and the visual expression effect is far more than that of the two-dimensional GIS. For this reason, the domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on the two-dimensional integration, but few people pay attention to the problems of data management and data sharing, so that the two-dimensional integration still has the improvement in the data unified management. The application of the two-dimensional three-dimensional GIS system in the emergency management is still a problem[2]: the emergency GIS technology is complex and the operation is frequent; all kinds of data, which are mainly spatial information, are required to be integrated; the exchange, sharing and cooperation requirements of the heterogeneous data are high; the process of processing the data is complex Heterogeneity; poor network services based on spatial information; low data management efficiency; analysis and decision-making process complex based on spatial information In the face of the above problems, there is a need for a new architecture to support To this end, there is a new type of architecture DO that is more efficient and reasonable in the data exchange of GIS. The A. DOA (Data Oriented Architecture) architecture is a system architecture model that uses data as the core to identify Based on XML-based data registration mechanism and data exchange specification, multi-system data sharing is realized And exchange. The G/ S (General-Browser/ Service-Cloud, general-purpose browser/ service cloud) mode is a network information access and service mode based on the DOA architecture, which is based on the advantages of C/ S, B/ S mode, and is based on the data registration and data exchange system based on XML. It can effectively solve the problems of storage management, service response, network bandwidth, information expression, operation control, technology and analysis through the mass heterogeneous data management and the client aggregation service mechanism under the cloud service. The paper first, from the practical application, has described the positive significance of the two-dimensional GIS integration, and in view of the management of mass, heterogeneous, real-time and other types of data in the construction of the two-dimensional GIS system, it is clear that the data-oriented architecture (DOA) with general-purpose browser/ service cloud (G / S) mode. On the basis of the development experience of the two-dimensional GIS system and the relevant subject research, the following is continued: The content is studied: (1) The technology of 2-D three-dimensional GIS communication and the communication process of BlazeDS are studied to solve the problem of communication between Flex and Java. Two-dimensional GIS communication; research on the communication and implementation of the publish/ subscribe message of Web services 3-D GIS communication. (2) The research on the data exchange standard supporting the unified management of the two-dimensional GIS data is based on the data exchange standard of XML, so as to solve the problem of mass and heterogeneous data organization management in the application of the emergency GIS and the problem of message conversion among the heterogeneous platforms. and (3) studying the function of the two-dimensional communication system Basic function module of communication system, including two-dimensional communication based on BlazeDS and three-dimensional based on WS The invention relates to a communication and message resolution conversion function, wherein the message analysis conversion module It is based on the data exchange specification. On the basis of the above-mentioned research content, The main innovation points and the research results are as follows: (1) A data exchange specification IML. IML (Intercourse Markup La) for supporting the data integration management of two-dimensional GIS system is presented. nguage (integrated markup language) is an integrated data pipe of the two-dimensional GIS system Extension and extension in the field of logical and integrated communication. IML is based on the HGML, defines a special data type based on XML, and uses XML, KML, and GML to define the syntax. The structure and rules are compatible with the OGC-related standards. On the basis of analyzing the relevant data types and features involved in the application of the two-dimensional GIS system, the integrated data exchange specification IML is realized, and the score is compared with the existing data storage and application status. In this paper, the data storage application architecture is developed, the integration management of the data is effectively solved, and the integration The three-dimensional GIS communication function of the server communication is presented. (2) A two-dimensional integrated communication model based on the DOA architecture is proposed, based on the DOA architecture, the characteristics and types of the relevant data of the two-dimensional three-dimensional GIS system are analyzed, and the unified data management mechanism based on the IML is established. The elimination of three-dimensional GIS communication is defined Based on the concept of the data sharing and exchange of the DOA architecture and the development trend of the GIS system, the two-dimensional GIS integrated communication mechanism under the DOA architecture is designed and realized, and the data is effectively managed and exchanged. On the base of the two-dimensional integration, the paper lays a foundation for the two-dimensional integration. (3) It is designed to realize the initial application and the simple function of the two-dimensional integrated GIS system based on the integrated communication model of the DOA architecture. On the basis of the innovative work of (1) and (2), the paper based on the unified data exchange specification IM The design of L, and the establishment and implementation of the integrated communication model, together with the advantages of the two-dimensional GIS system, are applied in the emergency management. In this paper, an integrated browsing and integrated plotting function is realized. In this paper, based on the analysis of the wide application of the two-dimensional GIS to its problems, this paper gives a solution based on the DOA architecture, and designs an IML based on the unified data management specification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208
本文編號(hào)：2488108
[Abstract]:GIS (geographic information system, geographic information system) theory and technology are becoming more and more mature, and the application of GIS is extensive, and has been in-depth to all walks of life, such as emergency management, disaster monitoring, transportation, power, cadastral management, mapping, environment, etc.[1]. The two-dimensional GIS system starts its whole development process from the desktop GIS, and develops to the present service GIS with the development of its system architecture. The advantages of the two-dimensional GIS system are obvious, the overall performance and spatial analysis ability of the two-dimensional GIS system are strong, but the visual expression effect of the two-dimensional GIS system is not good, and the user can not meet the increasing demands of the user. The three-dimensional GIS information is more expressive, showing more spatial relations, giving people a sense of realism and immersion, and the visual expression effect is far more than that of the two-dimensional GIS. For this reason, the domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on the two-dimensional integration, but few people pay attention to the problems of data management and data sharing, so that the two-dimensional integration still has the improvement in the data unified management. The application of the two-dimensional three-dimensional GIS system in the emergency management is still a problem[2]: the emergency GIS technology is complex and the operation is frequent; all kinds of data, which are mainly spatial information, are required to be integrated; the exchange, sharing and cooperation requirements of the heterogeneous data are high; the process of processing the data is complex Heterogeneity; poor network services based on spatial information; low data management efficiency; analysis and decision-making process complex based on spatial information In the face of the above problems, there is a need for a new architecture to support To this end, there is a new type of architecture DO that is more efficient and reasonable in the data exchange of GIS. The A. DOA (Data Oriented Architecture) architecture is a system architecture model that uses data as the core to identify Based on XML-based data registration mechanism and data exchange specification, multi-system data sharing is realized And exchange. The G/ S (General-Browser/ Service-Cloud, general-purpose browser/ service cloud) mode is a network information access and service mode based on the DOA architecture, which is based on the advantages of C/ S, B/ S mode, and is based on the data registration and data exchange system based on XML. It can effectively solve the problems of storage management, service response, network bandwidth, information expression, operation control, technology and analysis through the mass heterogeneous data management and the client aggregation service mechanism under the cloud service. The paper first, from the practical application, has described the positive significance of the two-dimensional GIS integration, and in view of the management of mass, heterogeneous, real-time and other types of data in the construction of the two-dimensional GIS system, it is clear that the data-oriented architecture (DOA) with general-purpose browser/ service cloud (G / S) mode. On the basis of the development experience of the two-dimensional GIS system and the relevant subject research, the following is continued: The content is studied: (1) The technology of 2-D three-dimensional GIS communication and the communication process of BlazeDS are studied to solve the problem of communication between Flex and Java. Two-dimensional GIS communication; research on the communication and implementation of the publish/ subscribe message of Web services 3-D GIS communication. (2) The research on the data exchange standard supporting the unified management of the two-dimensional GIS data is based on the data exchange standard of XML, so as to solve the problem of mass and heterogeneous data organization management in the application of the emergency GIS and the problem of message conversion among the heterogeneous platforms. and (3) studying the function of the two-dimensional communication system Basic function module of communication system, including two-dimensional communication based on BlazeDS and three-dimensional based on WS The invention relates to a communication and message resolution conversion function, wherein the message analysis conversion module It is based on the data exchange specification. On the basis of the above-mentioned research content, The main innovation points and the research results are as follows: (1) A data exchange specification IML. IML (Intercourse Markup La) for supporting the data integration management of two-dimensional GIS system is presented. nguage (integrated markup language) is an integrated data pipe of the two-dimensional GIS system Extension and extension in the field of logical and integrated communication. IML is based on the HGML, defines a special data type based on XML, and uses XML, KML, and GML to define the syntax. The structure and rules are compatible with the OGC-related standards. On the basis of analyzing the relevant data types and features involved in the application of the two-dimensional GIS system, the integrated data exchange specification IML is realized, and the score is compared with the existing data storage and application status. In this paper, the data storage application architecture is developed, the integration management of the data is effectively solved, and the integration The three-dimensional GIS communication function of the server communication is presented. (2) A two-dimensional integrated communication model based on the DOA architecture is proposed, based on the DOA architecture, the characteristics and types of the relevant data of the two-dimensional three-dimensional GIS system are analyzed, and the unified data management mechanism based on the IML is established. The elimination of three-dimensional GIS communication is defined Based on the concept of the data sharing and exchange of the DOA architecture and the development trend of the GIS system, the two-dimensional GIS integrated communication mechanism under the DOA architecture is designed and realized, and the data is effectively managed and exchanged. On the base of the two-dimensional integration, the paper lays a foundation for the two-dimensional integration. (3) It is designed to realize the initial application and the simple function of the two-dimensional integrated GIS system based on the integrated communication model of the DOA architecture. On the basis of the innovative work of (1) and (2), the paper based on the unified data exchange specification IM The design of L, and the establishment and implementation of the integrated communication model, together with the advantages of the two-dimensional GIS system, are applied in the emergency management. In this paper, an integrated browsing and integrated plotting function is realized. In this paper, based on the analysis of the wide application of the two-dimensional GIS to its problems, this paper gives a solution based on the DOA architecture, and designs an IML based on the unified data management specification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208
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