【摘要】：本文應(yīng)用地理信息系統(tǒng)強大的統(tǒng)計分析、空間分析功能,經(jīng)過數(shù)理統(tǒng)計,從時間和空間兩個方面對大同礦區(qū)2000年到2010年十年間土地利用變化情況和基于高程與坡度的分布規(guī)律進行分析研究,探究土地利用特點和規(guī)律；從而為礦區(qū)未來的土地資源利用提出相應(yīng)的建議,以期更好的保護大同礦區(qū)珍貴的土地資源,實現(xiàn)大同礦區(qū)土地資源的可持續(xù)利用。 研究結(jié)果表明：2000年至2010年,大同礦區(qū)內(nèi)土地利用類型草地、喬木林地、疏林及未成林地大面積增加,工礦建設(shè)用地和居民建設(shè)用地也有增加,灌木林地和耕地大面積減少,河流水域也有部分減少。工礦及城鎮(zhèn)用地主要分布在海拔低于1000m、坡度小于8°的平地和緩地上。耕地主要分布在海拔低于1000m、坡度小于15°的平地和緩坡上。喬木林地、灌木林地和疏林及未成林地主要分布在海拔高于1000m、坡度大于150且小于25°的緩陡坡和陡坡地上。草地主要分布在高程小于1000m、坡度5°-15°的緩地和斜坡上。河流湖泊等水域主要分布在海拔低于1000m坡度、小于15°的平地和緩坡上。同時反映出在各高程和坡度范圍內(nèi),土地利用變化呈現(xiàn)出一定規(guī)律,1100米以下土地利用變化表現(xiàn)在草地的減少和工礦及城鎮(zhèn)用地面積的增加。1100-1300米土地利用變化表現(xiàn)在草地的減少和工礦及城鎮(zhèn)用地面積的增加。1300-1500米土地利用變化表現(xiàn)在耕地的減少及草地、疏林及未成林地的增加。1500-1700米土地利用變化表現(xiàn)在耕地和灌木林地的減少及草地、疏林及未成林地的增加。大于1700米土地利用變化表現(xiàn)在耕地和灌木林地的減少及草地、疏林及未成林地、喬木林的增加。在坡度較低的低地,耕地和灌木林地面積減少,而草地和未成林地及工礦城鎮(zhèn)用地增加,在坡度較高的中高地,灌木林地面積減少,喬木林地面積略微減少,而草地及未成林地面積不斷增加。最后在土地利用現(xiàn)狀基礎(chǔ)上,從土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)類型、土地資源保護開發(fā)、生態(tài)功能區(qū)等方面提出大同礦區(qū)土地資源可持續(xù)利用建議。
[Abstract]:This paper applies the powerful statistical analysis and spatial analysis function of geographic information system, through mathematical statistics, The land use change and distribution law based on elevation and slope in Datong mining area from 2000 to 2010 are analyzed and studied from time and space to explore the characteristics and laws of land use. In order to protect the precious land resources in Datong mining area and realize the sustainable utilization of the land resources in Datong mining area, some suggestions are put forward for the future utilization of land resources in Datong mining area in order to better protect the precious land resources in Datong mining area. The results showed that from 2000 to 2010, the land use type grassland, Arbor woodland, sparse forest and unformed woodland increased in Datong mining area, the industrial and mining construction land and residential construction land also increased, and the shrub forest land and cultivated land decreased in a large area. There is also a partial decrease in river waters. The industrial, mining and urban land is mainly distributed on the flat and gentle ground with elevation less than 1000 m and slope less than 8 擄. The cultivated land is mainly distributed on the flat land and gentle slope with elevation less than 1000 m and slope less than 15 擄. Arbor forest, shrub land, sparse forest and unformed forest land are mainly distributed on gentle steep slope and steep slope with elevation higher than 1000 m and slope greater than 150 and less than 25 擄. The grassland is mainly distributed on the gentle ground and slope where the elevation is less than 1000 m and the slope is 5 擄- 15 擄. Rivers, lakes and other waters are mainly distributed on flat and gentle slopes below 1000 m above sea level and less than 15 擄. At the same time, it reflects that the change of land use presents a certain law in the range of elevation and slope. The change of land use below 1100 m is manifested in the decrease of grassland and the increase of industrial, mining and urban land area. The land use change of 1100 m / 1300 m is manifested in the decrease of grassland and the increase of industrial, mining and urban land area. 1 300 m / 1 500 m of land The changes in utilization are reflected in the reduction of cultivated land and the grassland, The land use change of 1500 m / 1 700 m was manifested in the decrease of cultivated land and shrub land and the increase of grassland, sparse forest and immature forest land. The land use change of more than 1700 meters was manifested in the decrease of cultivated land and shrub land and the increase of grassland, sparse forest and immature forest and Arbor forest. In lowlands with lower slopes, the area of arable land and shrub land decreases, while the area of grassland and unformed forestland and industrial and mining urban land increases, and in the middle highlands with higher slopes, the area of shrub land decreases, and the area of Arbor forest land decreases slightly. The area of grasslands and underdeveloped woodlands continues to increase. Finally, on the basis of the present situation of land use, suggestions on sustainable utilization of land resources in Datong mining area are put forward from the aspects of land use structure type, land resources protection and development, ecological functional areas and so on.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F301.2;P208

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