基于空間相似性的城市地下管線空間數(shù)據(jù)匹配方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-12 18:13
【摘要】：地下管線是指建設(shè)于地下的供水、排水、燃氣、燃油、熱力、電力、通訊、照明、廣播電視、交通信號、工業(yè)物料、公共視頻監(jiān)控等專用管線及其附屬設(shè)施,是城市物質(zhì)流、能量流和信息流的主要通道,是城市重要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和“生命線”。近年來,隨著“數(shù)字城市”建設(shè)的推進,地下管線地理信息日益成為城市空間信息資源的核心內(nèi)容,地下管線地理信息系統(tǒng)也逐步成為城市規(guī)劃、建設(shè)和管理的支撐應(yīng)用。受管線管理模式及管線空間數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用目的差異的影響,當前城市管線信息化中普遍存在兩種類型的管線地理信息系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用：以綜合管線管理和主要為城市規(guī)劃服務(wù)的綜合管線地理信息系統(tǒng)；以專業(yè)管線管理和主要為管線權(quán)屬單位管線運維服務(wù)的專業(yè)管線地理信息系統(tǒng)。這兩類管線應(yīng)用雖面對同樣區(qū)域內(nèi)的同一管線對象,但由于受GIS平臺、技術(shù)條件和應(yīng)用目的等的影響,卻形成了明顯不同語義、空間數(shù)據(jù)模型和空間數(shù)據(jù)精度的兩類數(shù)據(jù)資源。通常情況下,綜合管線數(shù)據(jù)位置精度高但語義信息有限,專業(yè)管線數(shù)據(jù)位置精度低但語義內(nèi)容豐富。面對兩類管線空間數(shù)據(jù)資源,準確的數(shù)據(jù)匹配可以有效彌補兩者之間的差異,實現(xiàn)管線數(shù)據(jù)的共享與融合,改善城市管線數(shù)據(jù)的重復探測,降低綜合管線數(shù)據(jù)的生產(chǎn)成本,提高專業(yè)管線數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量。本文嘗試利用空間相似性、空間數(shù)據(jù)匹配相關(guān)理論和方法,開展綜合管線和專業(yè)管線空間數(shù)據(jù)匹配方法的研究,以實現(xiàn)城市地下管線空間數(shù)據(jù)的共享和綜合利用。本文主要的研究內(nèi)容與研究成果包括：(1)分析了綜合管線和專業(yè)管線空間數(shù)據(jù)的差異的成因,包括探測誤差、管線變更等客觀原因和不同的數(shù)據(jù)需求和應(yīng)用目的等主觀原因。這些差異成因產(chǎn)生了不同類型的數(shù)據(jù)差異,主要有數(shù)據(jù)來源和數(shù)據(jù)精度差異、數(shù)據(jù)模型差異和語義差異。(2)在一般的矢量數(shù)據(jù)匹配類型的基礎(chǔ)上,針對管線數(shù)據(jù)的幾何類型、數(shù)據(jù)特征以及數(shù)據(jù)匹配目標,按幾何要素類型和映射數(shù)量關(guān)系確定了管線數(shù)據(jù)匹配的類型；分析了城市地下管網(wǎng)的分布特征,在此基礎(chǔ)上對管線數(shù)據(jù)按沿道路骨架管線、小區(qū)內(nèi)樹狀管線以及獨立管線進行了分層次劃分。(3)提出了管線數(shù)據(jù)空間相似性的度量方法,包括語義相似性、幾何相似性和拓撲關(guān)系相似性三個方面,采用基于本體的語義相似性度量方法,度量了不同分類表達下的綜合管線和專業(yè)管線中概念之間的相似性,采用空間位置、方向、長度、關(guān)聯(lián)度等特征項確定了幾何相似性和拓撲關(guān)系相似性定量描述方式；以空間相似性為匹配判斷依據(jù),結(jié)合管線數(shù)據(jù)分層次表達,設(shè)計了管線數(shù)據(jù)從整體匹配到精確匹配的匹配策略,在匹配過程中·根據(jù)管線數(shù)據(jù)特點調(diào)整相似性指標權(quán)重。(4) 以南京市某片區(qū)的綜合管線(天然氣)和專業(yè)管線(天然氣)數(shù)據(jù)為實驗對象,建立了用于語義相似性度量的綜合管線和專業(yè)管線本體,設(shè)計了管線數(shù)據(jù)匹配的流程,并通過管線數(shù)據(jù)匹配原型系統(tǒng)開發(fā),對本文提出的匹配方法進行了驗證和分析。
[Abstract]:The underground pipeline refers to the special pipeline and its auxiliary facilities, such as water supply, drainage, gas, fuel, heat, power, communication, lighting, radio and television, traffic signal, industrial material, public video monitoring, etc., which are built in the underground, and is the main channel of the city material flow, energy flow and information flow. It's the city's important infrastructure and "Lifeline". In recent years, with the development of the "digital city" construction, the underground pipeline geographic information becomes the core of the urban spatial information resource, and the underground pipeline geographic information system has gradually become the supporting application of the urban planning, construction and management. Affected by the difference of the pipeline management mode and the application of pipeline spatial data, there are two types of pipeline GIS application in the current city pipeline information: the integrated pipeline management and the integrated pipeline geographic information system mainly for urban planning service; Professional pipeline management system, which is mainly used for pipeline operation and maintenance service of pipeline ownership unit. The two types of pipeline applications face the same pipeline object in the same area, but because of the influence of the GIS platform, the technical condition and the purpose of application, the two types of data resources with different semantics, spatial data model and spatial data precision are formed. In general, that position precision of the comprehensive pipeline data is high, but the semantic information is limited, and the position precision of the professional pipeline data is low, but the semantic content is rich. In the face of two types of pipeline spatial data resources, the accurate data matching can effectively make up for the difference between the two pipeline data, realize the sharing and integration of pipeline data, improve the repeated detection of the urban pipeline data, reduce the production cost of the comprehensive pipeline data, and improve the quality of the professional pipeline data. In this paper, the spatial similarity and spatial data matching theory and method are used to study the matching method of spatial data of comprehensive pipeline and professional pipeline, so as to realize the sharing and comprehensive utilization of spatial data of urban underground pipeline. The main research contents and research results of this paper are as follows: (1) The causes of the difference of the spatial data of the comprehensive pipeline and the professional pipeline are analyzed, including the objective reasons such as detection error and pipeline change, and the subjective reasons such as different data requirements and application objectives. These difference causes different types of data difference, mainly including data source and data precision difference, data model difference and semantic difference. (2) on the basis of the general vector data matching type, the type of the pipeline data matching is determined according to the geometric type, the data characteristic and the data matching target of the pipeline data, the distribution characteristics of the urban underground pipe network are analyzed, On this basis, the pipeline data is divided into sub-hierarchy along the pipeline of the road, the tree-shaped pipeline in the cell and the independent pipeline. (3) a method for measuring the similarity of pipeline data space is proposed, which comprises three aspects of semantic similarity, geometric similarity and topological relation similarity, the similarity between the concepts in the comprehensive pipeline and the professional pipeline under different classification expressions is measured, the geometric similarity and the topological relation similarity quantitative description mode are determined by adopting the characteristic items such as spatial position, direction, length and degree of association, and the space similarity is the matching judgment basis, Based on the hierarchical representation of pipeline data, the matching strategy of the pipeline data from the whole to the exact match is designed, and the weight of the similarity index is adjusted according to the characteristics of the pipeline data in the matching process. (4) Based on the comprehensive pipeline (natural gas) and professional pipeline (natural gas) data of a certain area in Nanjing, a comprehensive pipeline and a professional pipeline ontology for semantic similarity measurement are established, and the flow of pipeline data matching is designed. The matching method proposed in this paper is verified and analyzed through the development of the pipeline data matching prototype system.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;TU990.3
本文編號：2439033
[Abstract]:The underground pipeline refers to the special pipeline and its auxiliary facilities, such as water supply, drainage, gas, fuel, heat, power, communication, lighting, radio and television, traffic signal, industrial material, public video monitoring, etc., which are built in the underground, and is the main channel of the city material flow, energy flow and information flow. It's the city's important infrastructure and "Lifeline". In recent years, with the development of the "digital city" construction, the underground pipeline geographic information becomes the core of the urban spatial information resource, and the underground pipeline geographic information system has gradually become the supporting application of the urban planning, construction and management. Affected by the difference of the pipeline management mode and the application of pipeline spatial data, there are two types of pipeline GIS application in the current city pipeline information: the integrated pipeline management and the integrated pipeline geographic information system mainly for urban planning service; Professional pipeline management system, which is mainly used for pipeline operation and maintenance service of pipeline ownership unit. The two types of pipeline applications face the same pipeline object in the same area, but because of the influence of the GIS platform, the technical condition and the purpose of application, the two types of data resources with different semantics, spatial data model and spatial data precision are formed. In general, that position precision of the comprehensive pipeline data is high, but the semantic information is limited, and the position precision of the professional pipeline data is low, but the semantic content is rich. In the face of two types of pipeline spatial data resources, the accurate data matching can effectively make up for the difference between the two pipeline data, realize the sharing and integration of pipeline data, improve the repeated detection of the urban pipeline data, reduce the production cost of the comprehensive pipeline data, and improve the quality of the professional pipeline data. In this paper, the spatial similarity and spatial data matching theory and method are used to study the matching method of spatial data of comprehensive pipeline and professional pipeline, so as to realize the sharing and comprehensive utilization of spatial data of urban underground pipeline. The main research contents and research results of this paper are as follows: (1) The causes of the difference of the spatial data of the comprehensive pipeline and the professional pipeline are analyzed, including the objective reasons such as detection error and pipeline change, and the subjective reasons such as different data requirements and application objectives. These difference causes different types of data difference, mainly including data source and data precision difference, data model difference and semantic difference. (2) on the basis of the general vector data matching type, the type of the pipeline data matching is determined according to the geometric type, the data characteristic and the data matching target of the pipeline data, the distribution characteristics of the urban underground pipe network are analyzed, On this basis, the pipeline data is divided into sub-hierarchy along the pipeline of the road, the tree-shaped pipeline in the cell and the independent pipeline. (3) a method for measuring the similarity of pipeline data space is proposed, which comprises three aspects of semantic similarity, geometric similarity and topological relation similarity, the similarity between the concepts in the comprehensive pipeline and the professional pipeline under different classification expressions is measured, the geometric similarity and the topological relation similarity quantitative description mode are determined by adopting the characteristic items such as spatial position, direction, length and degree of association, and the space similarity is the matching judgment basis, Based on the hierarchical representation of pipeline data, the matching strategy of the pipeline data from the whole to the exact match is designed, and the weight of the similarity index is adjusted according to the characteristics of the pipeline data in the matching process. (4) Based on the comprehensive pipeline (natural gas) and professional pipeline (natural gas) data of a certain area in Nanjing, a comprehensive pipeline and a professional pipeline ontology for semantic similarity measurement are established, and the flow of pipeline data matching is designed. The matching method proposed in this paper is verified and analyzed through the development of the pipeline data matching prototype system.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;TU990.3
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