基于RS、GIS的重慶市主城區(qū)城市空間擴展研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-06 10:59
【摘要】：隨著社會經濟的發(fā)展和城市化水平的提高,人口逐步向城市、城鎮(zhèn)集中,城市空間擴展與農用地尤其耕地資源減少之間的矛盾成為地學特別是地球信息科學關注的焦點。利用地學理論與衛(wèi)星遙感、地理信息系統(tǒng)技術研究城市擴張問題,具有極大的優(yōu)越性和廣闊的應用前景。 本研究對遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)進行了系統(tǒng)的恢復處理、增強處理、融合處理。對遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)的提取主要涉及城市空間、城市重心,土地生態(tài)分類的訓練樣本選擇、可分離性評估、分類方法選擇。為獲取重慶市主城區(qū)城市空間擴展時間尺度上的連續(xù)性、完整性,本研究分別收集了主城區(qū)自1978年到2012年的衛(wèi)星遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)及相關專題輔助數(shù)據(jù),專注于城市空間擴展結果的提取,分析了各時段主城區(qū)城市空間擴展的結果,主城區(qū)城市重心的遷移及主城區(qū)在水平及垂直方向的擴展；運用主城區(qū)衛(wèi)星遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)進行土地生態(tài)分類解譯,定性、定量的提取了主城區(qū)城市空間擴展中建設用地同耕地、林地、草地等的彼消此長關系；分析主城區(qū)城市空間擴展的驅動力因素,表明主城區(qū)城市建成區(qū)空間擴張的驅動因素以自然地理因素和社會經濟因素。 對數(shù)期遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)的分析,1997年之前主城區(qū)城市化進程極其緩慢、規(guī)模較小,主要集中在嘉陵江以南、長江以北及歌樂山以東的傳統(tǒng)主城地區(qū),城市空間和非城市空間相間分布；直轄后主城區(qū)城市化局部突破了地形地貌的限制,城市空間擴展的速度、規(guī)模、結構都邁上新臺階。到2012年,主城區(qū)城市建成區(qū)增加了將近一倍,城市重心經過數(shù)次的遷移最終還是穩(wěn)定在渝中半島附近,空間的緊湊度依然保持在一定的額度。城市空間擴展的方向,隨著直轄后社會經濟的發(fā)展、大型基礎設施(隧道、橋梁等)的完建,城市空間在水平方向上擴張主要分布在城市的外圍,在垂直方向上擴展的海拔高度有明顯的提升。 運用主城區(qū)衛(wèi)星遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)進行土地生態(tài)分類,定性、定量獲得了在城市空間擴展中城市建成區(qū)與農用地、林地、水域、草地等的增減狀態(tài)及相互關系,結果顯示城市建成區(qū)的空間擴展直接造成城鄉(xiāng)結合部及工業(yè)園區(qū)規(guī)劃中的農用地、林地、草地直接減少。主城區(qū)城市空間擴展的結果是多種自然地理因素和社會經濟因素綜合作用的結果：主城區(qū)四山兩江及低山丘陵相間分布,既是主城區(qū)城市空間擴展的瓶頸,也決定了主城區(qū)城市空間擴張的方向；主城區(qū)人口的增漲、經濟發(fā)展尤其工業(yè)園區(qū)的建設、政府政策及規(guī)劃以及以交通為主的基礎設施等社會經濟因素則直接決定了主城區(qū)城市空間擴張的速度、規(guī)模。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and the improvement of urbanization level, the contradiction between urban spatial expansion and the decrease of agricultural land, especially arable land resources, has become the focus of geoscience, especially geo-information science. Using geoscience theory satellite remote sensing and geographic information system technology to study urban expansion has great advantages and broad application prospects. In this study, the remote sensing image data were systematically restored, enhanced and fused. The extraction of remote sensing image data mainly involves the selection of training samples, separability assessment and classification method selection of urban space, urban center of gravity, land ecological classification. In order to obtain the continuity and integrity of urban spatial expansion time scale in Chongqing, this study collected satellite remote sensing image data and related thematic auxiliary data from 1978 to 2012, respectively. Focusing on the extraction of the results of urban spatial expansion, this paper analyzes the results of urban spatial expansion in each period of time, the migration of urban center of gravity and the horizontal and vertical expansion of urban center of gravity; Using the satellite remote sensing image data of the main urban area to classify and interpret the land ecology, qualitative and quantitative extraction of the relationship between the construction land and cultivated land, woodland, grassland and so on in the urban spatial expansion of the main urban area; By analyzing the driving factors of urban spatial expansion in the main urban areas, it is shown that the driving factors of the spatial expansion in the urban built-up areas of the main urban areas are physical geographical factors and socio-economic factors. The analysis of the remote sensing image data shows that before 1997, the urbanization process of the main urban area was extremely slow and the scale was relatively small, mainly concentrated in the traditional main city areas south of the Jialing River, north of the Yangtze River and east of the Gele Mountain. Interphase distribution of urban space and non-urban space; The urbanization of the main urban area has broken through the limitation of topography and landform, and the speed, scale and structure of the urban space expansion have all stepped to a new level. By 2012, the urban built-up area of the main city had nearly doubled, the center of gravity of the city had been relocated several times and remained stable in the vicinity of Yuzhong Peninsula, while the compactness of the space remained at a certain level. The direction of urban space expansion, with the socio-economic development after the direct administration, the completion of large infrastructure (tunnels, bridges, etc.), urban space expansion in the horizontal direction mainly distributed in the periphery of the city. The elevation that extends in the vertical direction has a marked rise. Using the satellite remote sensing image data of the main city area to classify the land ecology, qualitatively and quantitatively, the increasing and decreasing state and the relationship between the urban built-up area and the agricultural land, woodland, water area, grassland and so on in the urban spatial expansion are obtained. The results show that the spatial expansion of urban built-up areas directly results in a direct reduction of agricultural land, woodland and grassland in the urban-rural fringe and industrial park planning. The result of the urban spatial expansion of the main urban area is a combination of various physical and geographical factors and socio-economic factors: the interphase distribution of the four mountains, two rivers and low hills in the main urban area is not only the bottleneck of the urban spatial expansion of the main urban area, but also the main urban spatial expansion bottleneck. It also determines the direction of urban space expansion in the main urban area. Social and economic factors, such as population increase, economic development, especially the construction of industrial parks, government policies and planning, transportation-based infrastructure and other socio-economic factors directly determine the speed and scale of urban space expansion in the main urban areas.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;P237;TU984.113
本文編號：2435468
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and the improvement of urbanization level, the contradiction between urban spatial expansion and the decrease of agricultural land, especially arable land resources, has become the focus of geoscience, especially geo-information science. Using geoscience theory satellite remote sensing and geographic information system technology to study urban expansion has great advantages and broad application prospects. In this study, the remote sensing image data were systematically restored, enhanced and fused. The extraction of remote sensing image data mainly involves the selection of training samples, separability assessment and classification method selection of urban space, urban center of gravity, land ecological classification. In order to obtain the continuity and integrity of urban spatial expansion time scale in Chongqing, this study collected satellite remote sensing image data and related thematic auxiliary data from 1978 to 2012, respectively. Focusing on the extraction of the results of urban spatial expansion, this paper analyzes the results of urban spatial expansion in each period of time, the migration of urban center of gravity and the horizontal and vertical expansion of urban center of gravity; Using the satellite remote sensing image data of the main urban area to classify and interpret the land ecology, qualitative and quantitative extraction of the relationship between the construction land and cultivated land, woodland, grassland and so on in the urban spatial expansion of the main urban area; By analyzing the driving factors of urban spatial expansion in the main urban areas, it is shown that the driving factors of the spatial expansion in the urban built-up areas of the main urban areas are physical geographical factors and socio-economic factors. The analysis of the remote sensing image data shows that before 1997, the urbanization process of the main urban area was extremely slow and the scale was relatively small, mainly concentrated in the traditional main city areas south of the Jialing River, north of the Yangtze River and east of the Gele Mountain. Interphase distribution of urban space and non-urban space; The urbanization of the main urban area has broken through the limitation of topography and landform, and the speed, scale and structure of the urban space expansion have all stepped to a new level. By 2012, the urban built-up area of the main city had nearly doubled, the center of gravity of the city had been relocated several times and remained stable in the vicinity of Yuzhong Peninsula, while the compactness of the space remained at a certain level. The direction of urban space expansion, with the socio-economic development after the direct administration, the completion of large infrastructure (tunnels, bridges, etc.), urban space expansion in the horizontal direction mainly distributed in the periphery of the city. The elevation that extends in the vertical direction has a marked rise. Using the satellite remote sensing image data of the main city area to classify the land ecology, qualitatively and quantitatively, the increasing and decreasing state and the relationship between the urban built-up area and the agricultural land, woodland, water area, grassland and so on in the urban spatial expansion are obtained. The results show that the spatial expansion of urban built-up areas directly results in a direct reduction of agricultural land, woodland and grassland in the urban-rural fringe and industrial park planning. The result of the urban spatial expansion of the main urban area is a combination of various physical and geographical factors and socio-economic factors: the interphase distribution of the four mountains, two rivers and low hills in the main urban area is not only the bottleneck of the urban spatial expansion of the main urban area, but also the main urban spatial expansion bottleneck. It also determines the direction of urban space expansion in the main urban area. Social and economic factors, such as population increase, economic development, especially the construction of industrial parks, government policies and planning, transportation-based infrastructure and other socio-economic factors directly determine the speed and scale of urban space expansion in the main urban areas.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;P237;TU984.113
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