【摘要】：縱觀攝影測(cè)量和計(jì)算機(jī)視覺技術(shù)的發(fā)展，影像處理的格式日漸繁多，而且自動(dòng)化程度不斷提高。無論是近景攝影測(cè)量還是計(jì)算機(jī)視覺領(lǐng)域都避免不了影像匹配的問題，影像匹配是一個(gè)瓶頸問題，怎樣提高影像匹配精度以及如何縮短影像匹配時(shí)間是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵性問題。在20世紀(jì)70年代，自從核線概念被提出來后，核線相關(guān)在影像匹配上起到了關(guān)鍵作用。核線是攝影測(cè)量的一個(gè)基本概念，在立體像對(duì)上，同名像點(diǎn)一定位于同名核線上，而且同名核線對(duì)上的像點(diǎn)是一一對(duì)應(yīng)的，因而如果能在立體像對(duì)上確定同名核線，那么就可以根據(jù)同名核線的性質(zhì)，將二維的影像匹配轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐痪S匹配，大大的提高了計(jì)算效率和可靠性。 為了方便論文的展開以及對(duì)數(shù)字影像的處理，首先設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量系統(tǒng)框架，包含工程的創(chuàng)建、影像的讀取、相機(jī)文件、控制點(diǎn)文件的讀取和創(chuàng)建等基本功能。然后只對(duì)核線影像生成模塊展開了討論，分別采用基于數(shù)字糾正的方法、基于共面條件的方法以及求解相對(duì)定向直接解的方法生成核線影像，因?yàn)閷?shí)驗(yàn)的影像數(shù)據(jù)不包含內(nèi)方位元素等信息，而且前兩種方法都涉及到共線條件方程的解算，所以采用第三種方法編程實(shí)現(xiàn)，并利用相對(duì)定向的直接解進(jìn)行核線排列，暫不考慮整幅影像生成核線影像，只用單個(gè)像點(diǎn)進(jìn)行測(cè)試，，結(jié)果達(dá)到一定精度。 論文的最后一部分簡(jiǎn)單介紹了基于射影幾何生成影像的方法，它和攝影測(cè)量中基于共面條件的方法可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，這部分的討論不作為本文的重點(diǎn)。該論文是一篇工程應(yīng)用型文章，詳細(xì)的討論了核線影像生成部分，可以為下一步影像匹配作鋪墊。
[Abstract]:With the development of photogrammetry and computer vision, the format of image processing is increasing and the degree of automation is increasing. Neither close-range photogrammetry nor computer vision can avoid the problem of image matching. Image matching is a bottleneck problem. How to improve the accuracy of image matching and how to shorten the time of image matching is a key problem. Since the concept of nuclear line was proposed in 1970s, nuclear line correlation has played a key role in image matching. Nuclear line is a basic concept of photogrammetry. In stereo image, the same name image point must be located on the nuclear line of the same name, and the image point on the pair of the same name nuclear line is one-to-one correspondence, so if the nuclear line of the same name can be determined on the stereo image pair, Then according to the properties of the kernel line of the same name, the two-dimensional image matching can be transformed into one-dimensional matching, which greatly improves the computational efficiency and reliability. In order to facilitate the development of the thesis and the processing of digital image, a digital photogrammetry system framework is designed firstly, which includes the basic functions of engineering creation, image reading, camera file, control point file reading and creating and so on. Then only the kernel line image generation module is discussed. The method based on digital correction, the method based on coplanar condition and the method of solving the relative directional direct solution are used to generate the core line image, respectively. Because the experimental image data does not contain information such as internal azimuth elements, and the first two methods involve the solution of collinear conditional equations, the third method is used to program and arrange the kernel lines using the direct solution of relative orientation. The kernel line image is not considered for the whole image, but only a single image point is used to test, and the result reaches a certain accuracy. In the last part of the paper, the method of image generation based on projective geometry is briefly introduced, which can be converted to the method based on coplanar condition in photogrammetry. This part of the discussion is not the focus of this paper. This paper is an engineering application article, the core line image generation part is discussed in detail, which can pave the way for the next image matching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P231.5

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