【摘要】：地面三維激光掃描技術(shù)是測量領(lǐng)域中近幾年發(fā)展起來的一項高新技術(shù),它具有主動性、快速性、精度高、非接觸、數(shù)字化、自動化等特點，因而有著廣泛的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。 地面三維激光掃描技術(shù)應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵是獲得物體表面的點云數(shù)據(jù)，然后對點云數(shù)據(jù)按照一定的方法進行處理，得到最終成果。點云數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量是是測量結(jié)果有效性和準確性的基礎(chǔ)，也是最終結(jié)果最重要的前提和保障，它是測繪及其它行業(yè)研究的一個重要內(nèi)容。本文主要包含了三維激光掃描技術(shù)在國內(nèi)外的應(yīng)用及研究進展情況，地面三維激光技術(shù)的原理及誤差分析、點云數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量分析以及目標反射強度信息對掃描結(jié)果的影響及其應(yīng)用等內(nèi)容 本文分別從儀器、外界環(huán)境以及反射面三個方面研究了地面三維激光掃描儀誤差，，分析了儀器測距、測角部分以及氣象條件對掃描儀的影響；通過實驗探討了掃描距離、目標顏色以及目標邊緣效應(yīng)對掃描結(jié)果的影響；根據(jù)地面三維激光掃描儀的原理及徠卡ScanStation2的儀器參數(shù)計算了在掃描距離為50m時的理論精度，并通過和全站儀的對比實驗獲取了掃描儀在實際應(yīng)用中的精度；分析了目標反射強度對掃描結(jié)果的影響，用一定方法從獲取的點云數(shù)據(jù)中從中分離出目標的反射強度信息，并利用模糊C均值聚類的方法將目標反射強度數(shù)據(jù)用于點云數(shù)據(jù)的分割、去噪以及標靶中心點位計算。
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional laser scanning technology is a new technology developed in the field of measurement in recent years. It has the characteristics of initiative, rapidity, high precision, non-contact, digitization, automation and so on, so it has a wide range of applications. The key to the application of 3D laser scanning is to obtain the point cloud data on the surface of the object, and then process the point cloud data according to a certain method, and get the final results. The quality of point cloud data is the basis for the validity and accuracy of the measurement results and the most important premise and guarantee of the final results. It is an important content of surveying and mapping and other industries. This paper mainly includes the application and research progress of 3D laser scanning technology at home and abroad, the principle and error analysis of 3D laser technology on the ground. The quality analysis of point cloud data and the effect of target reflection intensity information on scanning results and its application are discussed in this paper. The errors of 3D laser scanner are studied from three aspects: instrument, external environment and reflector. The influence of instrument ranging, angle measurement and meteorological conditions on the scanner is analyzed. The effects of scanning distance, target color and edge effect on the scanning results are discussed experimentally. According to the principle of 3D laser scanner on the ground and the instrument parameters of Leica ScanStation2, the theoretical accuracy is calculated when the scanning distance is 50 m, and the accuracy of the scanner in practical application is obtained by comparing with the total station instrument. The effect of target reflection intensity on scanning results is analyzed, and the target reflection intensity information is separated from the obtained point cloud data by a certain method. Using fuzzy C-means clustering method, the target reflectance intensity data are used for point cloud data segmentation, denoising and target center point calculation.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P225.2

【引證文獻】

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1 柳方明;張洪彪;李俊利;;面向地形構(gòu)建的點云孔洞修補[J];電子世界;2015年23期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 羅輝林;田陸;易定明;;轉(zhuǎn)爐爐襯激光測厚自動定位方法的設(shè)計研究[A];“第十屆中國鋼鐵年會”暨“第六屆寶鋼學術(shù)年會”論文集[C];2015年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前3條

1 張靖;基于克里金算法的點云數(shù)據(jù)插值研究[D];長安大學;2014年

2 張維強;地面三維激光掃描技術(shù)及其在古建筑測繪中的應(yīng)用研究[D];長安大學;2014年

3 王琳琳;三維激光掃描技術(shù)在古建筑測繪中的應(yīng)用與問題分析[D];長春工程學院;2015年

本文編號：2380931