【摘要】：喜馬拉雅山地區(qū)屬于我國(guó)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害最嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域之一，地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的阻礙了當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的正常發(fā)展，破壞區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境的平衡。近年來，隨著對(duì)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)的深入研究，其理論及方法較為成熟，危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)的研究成果不但為地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的預(yù)測(cè)及防治工作提供科學(xué)的依據(jù)，還有效的避免了人員、財(cái)產(chǎn)不必要的損失。 本文以西藏札達(dá)地區(qū)為研究對(duì)象，根據(jù)對(duì)影響區(qū)內(nèi)重大滑坡災(zāi)害發(fā)育及分布因素的研究為基礎(chǔ)，利用層次分析法及模糊數(shù)學(xué)法對(duì)札達(dá)地區(qū)的重大滑坡災(zāi)害進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： （1）研究區(qū)災(zāi)害評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的建立 由于影響滑坡災(zāi)害的因素眾多，故結(jié)合札達(dá)地區(qū)地質(zhì)特征選取合理的影響因素參與評(píng)價(jià)。通過分析區(qū)內(nèi)滑坡災(zāi)害形成條件及分布特征，將主要影響因素分為基礎(chǔ)影響因素及誘發(fā)影響因素2大類，并進(jìn)一步分為9種影響因子，最終由其共同構(gòu)成本文的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。 （2）研究區(qū)災(zāi)害評(píng)價(jià)方法的研究 為確保研究方法的科學(xué)合理性及長(zhǎng)期有效性，本文選取層次分析法與模糊數(shù)學(xué)方法對(duì)區(qū)內(nèi)重大滑坡災(zāi)害進(jìn)行綜合分析。在分析滑坡災(zāi)害的各影響因素時(shí)，綜合考慮區(qū)內(nèi)具體情況，運(yùn)用層次分析法對(duì)各影響因子的權(quán)重進(jìn)行量化，將量化后的指標(biāo)權(quán)重引入模糊數(shù)學(xué)模型中，最終建立起區(qū)內(nèi)滑坡穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)模型。 （3）研究區(qū)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià) 札達(dá)地區(qū)滑坡災(zāi)害的空間發(fā)育具明顯叢集性，區(qū)內(nèi)34處重大滑坡災(zāi)害點(diǎn)整體以南東向展布，其中超過70%的災(zāi)害點(diǎn)分布在西南一側(cè)，由于札達(dá)地區(qū)地形地貌的特殊性，對(duì)災(zāi)害發(fā)育及分布的主控因素與通常認(rèn)識(shí)有所不同，本文作者針對(duì)研究?jī)?nèi)容的一般性及特殊性，結(jié)合本文研究結(jié)論提出了相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:Himalayan region is one of the most serious geological disasters in China. The occurrence of geological disasters seriously hinders the normal development of local economy and destroys the balance of regional ecological environment. In recent years, with the in-depth study of geological hazard risk assessment, its theory and methods are more mature. The research results of risk assessment not only provide scientific basis for the prediction and prevention of geological hazards, but also effectively avoid the personnel. Unnecessary loss of property. Based on the study of the development and distribution factors of major landslide disasters in Zanda region, Tibet, the risk assessment of major landslide disasters in Zanda area is carried out by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy mathematics method. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the establishment of the disaster evaluation index system in the study area because of the numerous factors affecting landslide disaster, the reasonable factors are selected to participate in the evaluation combined with the geological characteristics of Zanda area. By analyzing the formation conditions and distribution characteristics of landslide disasters in the region, the main influencing factors are divided into two categories: basic influencing factors and induced factors, and further divided into 9 kinds of influencing factors, which constitute the evaluation index system of this paper. (2) in order to ensure the scientific rationality and long-term validity of the research method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy mathematics method are selected to analyze the major landslide disasters in the study area in order to ensure the scientific rationality and long-term validity of the method. When analyzing the influencing factors of landslide disaster, considering the specific situation in the area, the weight of each influencing factor is quantified by AHP, and the index weight after quantization is introduced into the fuzzy mathematical model. Finally, the evaluation model of landslide stability is established. (3) the spatial development of landslide disaster in Zanda area is obviously clustered, and 34 major landslide disaster sites in the study area are distributed south to east, and more than 70% of them are located on the southwest side. Because of the particularity of topography and geomorphology in Zanda area, the main controlling factors of the development and distribution of disasters are different from the usual understanding. In view of the generality and particularity of the research contents, the author puts forward some relevant suggestions based on the conclusions of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208;P642.22

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