【摘要】：柵格數(shù)據(jù)是GIS一種重要的表達(dá)方式，柵格數(shù)據(jù)的矩陣結(jié)構(gòu)形式適合描述連續(xù)變化的自然現(xiàn)象，在土壤侵蝕、林帶演化、土地利用、荒漠化、火災(zāi)蔓延、景觀變化等地理國情監(jiān)測方面有著重要的應(yīng)用，而且隨著遙感數(shù)據(jù)的獲取代價(jià)越來越小，基于柵格數(shù)據(jù)的研究，尤其是針對(duì)多時(shí)相柵格數(shù)據(jù)的差異性提取問題日趨重要。由于柵格數(shù)據(jù)量大，且提取柵格差異需要多期數(shù)據(jù)，存在大量歷史數(shù)據(jù)冗余，所以在提取柵格數(shù)據(jù)差異同時(shí)，并節(jié)約柵格數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)空間，及實(shí)現(xiàn)柵格差異數(shù)據(jù)的歷史回溯和空間分析是本文的研究目的。 本文利用大港區(qū)1988-2005年三期土地利用遙感數(shù)據(jù)為例，研究了基于柵格數(shù)據(jù)的差異性提取方法，其中包含柵格差異存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)組織方法及柵格數(shù)據(jù)歷史回溯分析方法。 主要研究內(nèi)容如下： （1）從時(shí)態(tài)GIS對(duì)時(shí)序柵格數(shù)據(jù)管理的實(shí)際需求出發(fā)，分析了柵格數(shù)據(jù)管理組織的時(shí)態(tài)性及常見的幾種柵格時(shí)空數(shù)據(jù)模型，，提出了適合柵格差異性存儲(chǔ)、分析的多基態(tài)多級(jí)差文件的修正模型； （2）分析了目前常用的柵格壓縮方法，改進(jìn)了線性四叉樹壓縮編碼算法，并把改進(jìn)后的算法應(yīng)用到二維行程編碼中，提出了基于二維行程動(dòng)態(tài)壓縮編碼算法，節(jié)約了柵格數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)空間，并優(yōu)化柵格數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，方便提取柵格數(shù)據(jù)差異性； （3）分析和研究了提取柵格數(shù)據(jù)間的差異變化問題，提出了二維行程動(dòng)態(tài)編碼對(duì)等分裂差異分析算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)了柵格數(shù)據(jù)差異性快速提取及差異性的空間分析； （4）研究了柵格圖快照還原方法，提出了基于二維行程動(dòng)態(tài)壓縮編碼的差異累加算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)了柵格數(shù)據(jù)的歷史回溯； （5）為了驗(yàn)證本文所提出的相關(guān)算法正確性，開發(fā)了以土地利用為例的基于柵格數(shù)據(jù)的差異分析的系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Raster data is an important expression of GIS. The matrix structure of raster data is suitable to describe the natural phenomena of continuous change, in soil erosion, forest belt evolution, land use, desertification, fire spread. Landscape change and other geographical situation monitoring have important applications, and with the cost of remote sensing data is getting smaller and smaller, the research based on raster data, especially to extract the difference of multi-temporal raster data is becoming more and more important. Because of the large amount of raster data and the need of multi-period data to extract raster difference, there is a lot of historical data redundancy, so the storage space of raster data is saved while extracting the difference of raster data. The purpose of this paper is to realize the historical backtracking and spatial analysis of raster difference data. Based on the remote sensing data of land use in Dagang area from 1988 to 2005, this paper studies the method of extracting the difference based on raster data, which includes the method of data organization and the method of historical backtracking analysis of raster data. The main research contents are as follows: (1) based on the actual demand of temporal GIS for temporal raster data management, the temporal characteristics of raster data management organization and several common raster spatio-temporal data models are analyzed. A modified model of multi-ground state multi-level difference file suitable for grid difference storage and analysis is proposed. (2) the commonly used raster compression method is analyzed, the linear quadtree compression coding algorithm is improved, and the improved algorithm is applied to two-dimensional stroke coding, and a dynamic compression coding algorithm based on two-dimensional stroke is proposed. The storage space of raster data is saved and the raster data structure is optimized so that the difference of raster data can be easily extracted. (3) analyze and study the variation of the difference between the raster data, propose a two-dimensional dynamic coding algorithm of peer-to-peer split difference analysis, and realize the spatial analysis of the difference of the raster data. (4) the restoration method of grid map snapshot is studied, and the difference accumulation algorithm based on two-dimensional stroke dynamic compression coding is proposed to realize the historical backtracking of grid data. (5) in order to verify the correctness of the algorithms proposed in this paper, a raster-based difference analysis system based on land use is developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208;TP391.41

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