【摘要】：中國(guó)快速的城鎮(zhèn)化推動(dòng)城市擴(kuò)展,導(dǎo)致城市土地利用和土地覆蓋的巨大變化,帶來(lái)一系列的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,研究城市發(fā)展與環(huán)境間的相互作用機(jī)制具有重要意義。城市不透水地面比率是城市化的一個(gè)重要指標(biāo),通過(guò)分析城市不透水地面的分布與變化,從而揭示城市發(fā)展及其環(huán)境變化。遙感和地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)的結(jié)合為城市研究提供了更加科學(xué)有效的方法。本文應(yīng)用遙感、地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)和定量分析相結(jié)合的方法研究杭州城市不透水地面的時(shí)空變化特征,采用植被-不透水地面-土壤(vegetation-impervious-surface-soil,V-I-S)模型和線性光譜混合分析(1inear spectral mixture analysis,LSMA)研究杭州市的城市不透水地面變化。采用的數(shù)據(jù)包括數(shù)字化的杭州行政界線數(shù)據(jù)、杭州的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)、2000年、2005年和2010年的Landsat TM遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)。 首先,本文闡述了基于遙感影像的土地利用土地覆蓋信息提取的背景和重要性,介紹了土地利用土地覆蓋、線性光譜混合模型和植被-不透水地面-土壤模型的概念和發(fā)展,以及目前的相關(guān)研究,總結(jié)遙感和地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)在城市研究中的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀。本文用遙感技術(shù)來(lái)提取多時(shí)相的杭州城市不透水地面的信息。先對(duì)遙感數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行大氣校正和幾何校正等預(yù)處理。選擇四個(gè)端元,采用線性光譜混合分析方法提取杭州市的不透水地面信息,并進(jìn)行精讀檢驗(yàn),分析期間不透水地面變化的空間特征。以市轄區(qū)為分析單位,分析杭州不透水地面在過(guò)去10年間的變化,分析杭州不透水地面的時(shí)空變化,揭示其變化的驅(qū)動(dòng)力機(jī)制,并用定量方法分析杭州不透水地面的時(shí)空特征。采用不透水地面年均擴(kuò)展比率衡量不透水地面的擴(kuò)張速率,通過(guò)比較不同時(shí)期變化的強(qiáng)弱和快慢,揭示不透水地面的時(shí)空變化特征。采用泰爾指數(shù)比較分析不透水地面在城市不同區(qū)位的變化。最后,采用多元逐步回歸分析研究不透水地面變化與杭州經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)要素之間相互影響機(jī)制。同時(shí)從自然因素、文化因素、政府調(diào)控出發(fā)定性分析其對(duì)不透水地面的作用。 本文運(yùn)用遙感、地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)和定量分析相結(jié)合的方法研究了杭州不透水地面和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展間的相互作用機(jī)制。研究成果能準(zhǔn)確客觀地分析杭州不透水地面在過(guò)去10年間的變化特征,為杭州未來(lái)的城市發(fā)展和建設(shè)提供科學(xué)的理論依據(jù),為未來(lái)城市發(fā)展的優(yōu)化提供建議。
[Abstract]:Rapid urbanization in China promotes urban expansion, resulting in great changes in urban land use and land cover, and a series of environmental problems. It is of great significance to study the interaction mechanism between urban development and environment. Urban impermeable surface ratio is an important indicator of urbanization. By analyzing the distribution and change of urban impermeable surface, the urban development and its environmental change can be revealed. The combination of remote sensing and GIS provides a more scientific and effective method for urban research. In this paper, the spatial and temporal characteristics of impermeable ground in Hangzhou city are studied by means of remote sensing, geographic information system technology and quantitative analysis. Vegetation-impervious-surface-soil,V-I-S model and linear spectral mixing analysis (1inear spectral mixture analysis,LSMA) were used to study the changes of impermeable surface in Hangzhou. The data used include digital Hangzhou administrative boundary data, Hangzhou socio-economic data, 2000, 2005 and 2010 Landsat TM remote sensing image data. Firstly, this paper describes the background and importance of land cover information extraction based on remote sensing image, and introduces the concept and development of land use land cover, linear spectral mixture model and vegetation-impermeable ground-soil model. And related research, summarize the application status of remote sensing and GIS technology in urban research. In this paper, remote sensing technology is used to extract the information of impermeable ground in Hangzhou. First, the atmospheric correction and geometric correction of remote sensing data are preprocessed. Four end elements were selected to extract the information of impermeable ground in Hangzhou by linear spectral mixing analysis, and the spatial characteristics of the changes of impermeable ground during the period were analyzed. Taking the municipal district as an analytical unit, this paper analyzes the changes of the impermeable surface in Hangzhou in the past 10 years, analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of the impermeable surface in Hangzhou, reveals the driving force mechanism of the change, and analyzes the space-time characteristics of the impervious surface in Hangzhou by quantitative method. The average annual expansion ratio of impermeable ground is used to measure the expansion rate of impermeable ground, and the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of impermeable ground are revealed by comparing the magnitude and speed of the changes in different periods. The changes of impermeable surface in different locations of cities were analyzed by using Tyr index. Finally, multiple stepwise regression analysis is used to study the interaction between impermeable surface changes and economic and social factors in Hangzhou. At the same time, from the natural factors, cultural factors, government regulation, qualitative analysis of its role on impermeable ground. In this paper, the interaction mechanism between impermeable surface and social economic development in Hangzhou is studied by means of remote sensing, geographic information system and quantitative analysis. The research results can accurately and objectively analyze the changing characteristics of impermeable ground in Hangzhou in the past 10 years, provide scientific theoretical basis for the future urban development and construction of Hangzhou, and provide suggestions for the optimization of urban development in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P237;TU984

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 程連生，趙紅英;北京城市邊緣帶探討[J];北京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);1995年01期

2 袁超;吳炳方;羅興順;李志偉;閆娜娜;;城市不透水表面遙感估算研究[J];測(cè)繪工程;2009年03期

3 陳蕾,鄧孺孺,柯銳鵬,劉小平;基于地面耦合的TM影像的大氣校正——以珠江口為例[J];地理與地理信息科學(xué);2004年02期

4 史培軍,陳晉,潘耀忠;深圳市土地利用變化機(jī)制分析[J];地理學(xué)報(bào);2000年02期

5 李曉文,方精云,樸世龍;上海及周邊主要城鎮(zhèn)城市用地?cái)U(kuò)展空間特征及其比較[J];地理研究;2003年06期

6 張紅娟;彭紅霞;王新君;王建筱;;山東省城市發(fā)展的自然地理背景評(píng)價(jià)[J];華中師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2012年04期

7 張建春,彭補(bǔ)拙;土地利用/土地覆蓋變化與土地利用規(guī)劃——以安徽馬鞍山市為例[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)地理;2001年05期

8 楊凱文;;城市不透水面遙感估算[J];現(xiàn)代測(cè)繪;2012年03期

9 戰(zhàn)明華;;浙商精神宜于支撐經(jīng)濟(jì)的長(zhǎng)期增長(zhǎng)么?——基于增長(zhǎng)理論視角的分析[J];社會(huì)科學(xué)戰(zhàn)線;2005年06期

10 徐涵秋;利用改進(jìn)的歸一化差異水體指數(shù)(MNDWI)提取水體信息的研究[J];遙感學(xué)報(bào);2005年05期

，

本文編號(hào)：2263967