【摘要】：我國擁有遼闊的海域面積,縱貫南北的漫長海岸線以及豐富的海洋資源。現(xiàn)代海洋高新技術的發(fā)展,高科技海洋儀器設備的開發(fā)運用,雖為開發(fā)海洋資源提供了前提與保障,但目前我國對海洋資源的開發(fā)利用仍著重于沿海開發(fā),且我國海洋科學創(chuàng)新能力和支撐能力不足,不利于開展大規(guī)模的海洋資源開發(fā)。多波束測深技術是目前進行水下地形地貌測量的主要技術手段,水體中聲波傳播速度的變化將會引起其傳播方向的變化,導致聲線彎曲,是影響多波束測深精度的重要誤差來源。海洋內(nèi)波是一種廣泛存在于我國沿海,發(fā)生在海水內(nèi)部穩(wěn)定層結(jié)處的重力波,其振幅可達數(shù)米到數(shù)十米,常見波長為幾十米至幾十千米,頻率介于浮性頻率和慣性頻率之間。海洋內(nèi)波發(fā)生時,其攜帶的巨大能量會導致海水較高的流速,不僅會對海洋石油鉆井平臺和水下潛艇會造成嚴重威脅,且變化劇烈的等密度面會對經(jīng)過的聲線傳播方向和聲速大小發(fā)生改變。因此,研究分析海洋內(nèi)波對多波束測深精度影響機理,探索誤差改正方法,對于提高多波束測深精度和效率,反演海洋內(nèi)波波長、傳播方向等基本特征是迫切且必要的。本文用數(shù)值仿真的方法,模擬了在海洋內(nèi)波經(jīng)過測區(qū)時造成聲速躍層發(fā)生垂直位移和傾斜情況,進而分析了內(nèi)波對多波束聲線傳播路徑的影響機理,并在此基礎上,構建了測區(qū)的海底DEM,通過分析DEM特征與海底地形起伏規(guī)律,提出并驗證了從海底DEM反演海洋內(nèi)波的傳播方向、波長和振幅等其近似值信息的方法,并跟據(jù)反演得到的海洋內(nèi)波近似參數(shù)構建了內(nèi)波函數(shù),對聲線重新進行三維聲線跟蹤,獲取更精確的海底DEM以用于反演精確的海洋內(nèi)波參數(shù),通過如此若干次迭代計算,既反演了海洋內(nèi)波參數(shù)也削弱了海洋內(nèi)波對多波束測深的影響。
[Abstract]:China has a vast sea area, a long coastline and rich marine resources. The development of modern marine high and new technology and the development and application of high-tech marine instruments and equipments have provided a prerequisite and guarantee for the development of marine resources, but at present, the exploitation and utilization of marine resources in China is still focused on coastal development. And our country marine science innovation ability and the support ability is insufficient, unfavorable to carry on the large-scale marine resources development. Multi-beam bathymetry is the main technique for underwater topographic and geomorphologic survey. The change of acoustic wave velocity in water will cause the change of its propagation direction and lead to the sound line bending. It is an important error source that affects the precision of multi-beam sounding. Ocean internal wave is a kind of gravity wave which widely exists in the coastal area of our country and occurs in the stable layer of sea water. Its amplitude can reach several meters to tens meters, the common wavelength is tens to tens of kilometers, and the frequency is between floating frequency and inertial frequency. When the ocean internal wave occurs, the huge energy it carries will lead to the higher velocity of the sea water, which will not only pose a serious threat to offshore oil drilling platforms and underwater submarines. The direction of sound propagation and the magnitude of sound velocity will be changed when the isodensity surface changes sharply. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to study and analyze the influence mechanism of ocean internal wave on the accuracy of multi-beam sounding, and to explore the error correction method for improving the accuracy and efficiency of multi-beam sounding, retrieving the wave length and propagation direction. In this paper, the vertical displacement and tilt of the acoustic cline caused by the ocean internal wave passing through the measured area are simulated by numerical simulation, and the influence mechanism of the internal wave on the propagation path of the multi-beam acoustic line is analyzed. By analyzing the characteristics of DEM and the regularity of seabed topography fluctuation, the method of retrieving the approximate information of ocean wave propagation direction, wavelength and amplitude from seabed DEM is proposed and verified. And the internal wave function is constructed with the approximate parameters of ocean internal wave obtained from inversion, and the sound line is tracked again in three dimensions to obtain more accurate seabed DEM for retrieving accurate ocean internal wave parameters, which are calculated through several iterations. The inversion of ocean internal wave parameters also weakens the influence of ocean internal wave on multi-beam sounding.
【學位授予單位】：山東科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P229

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