【摘要】：開展數(shù)字城市建設,構建城市統(tǒng)一的地理空間框架和地理空間信息公共平臺,是推進數(shù)字中國建設,加快信息化測繪體系建設的一項重要工作。城市區(qū)域的似大地水準面精化是數(shù)字城市建設的迫切需要。高分辨率、高精度的似大地水準面成果,能保證使用GPS直接測定正常高,能極大的提高測繪的工作效率,降低作業(yè)成本。本文首先介紹了研究背景和國內(nèi)外似大地水準面精化的發(fā)展狀況,以及國內(nèi)城市區(qū)域似大地水準面精化的現(xiàn)狀。接下來系統(tǒng)的介紹了似大地水準面精化的原理和多種方法,在此基礎上,引出了地球重力場模型和對基于EGM2008模型的組合方法的探討。本文計算數(shù)據(jù)選取陜西某地,簡要介紹了測區(qū)GPS數(shù)據(jù)和水準數(shù)據(jù)的獲取、平差計算以及其精度。分別采用二次多項式、多面函數(shù)、移動曲面、薄板樣條等方法擬合測區(qū)似大地水準面,并比較了各種擬合方法的優(yōu)缺點。然后采用基于EGM2008地球重力場模型的“移去-恢復”方法,對測區(qū)進行似大地水準面精化計算,之后將結果與GPS擬合方法進行比較分析,得出了基于EGM2008的GPS/水準法與該測區(qū)有較好的符合性的結論。文章最后對所做的工作進行了總結,提出了幾條以后的工作中需要完善的問題。
[Abstract]:It is an important work to develop the digital city construction, to construct the unified geospatial frame and the public platform of geospatial information, to promote the construction of digital China and to speed up the construction of information surveying and mapping system. Quasi-geoid refinement in urban areas is an urgent need for the construction of digital cities. The high resolution and high precision quasi geoid results can guarantee the use of GPS to measure the normal height directly, can greatly improve the efficiency of surveying and mapping, and reduce the cost of activities. This paper first introduces the background of the research and the development of quasi geoid refinement at home and abroad, as well as the present situation of quasi geoid refinement in urban areas in China. Then the principle and various methods of quasi geoid refinement are introduced systematically. On this basis, the earth gravity field model and the combination method based on EGM2008 model are discussed. This paper introduces the acquisition, adjustment calculation and accuracy of GPS data and leveling data in the survey area. Quadratic polynomial, polyhedral function, moving surface and thin plate spline are used to fit the quasi geoid in the measured area, and the advantages and disadvantages of various fitting methods are compared. Then the "remove-restore" method based on the EGM2008 gravity field model is used to calculate the quasi geoid precision of the measured area, and the results are compared with the GPS fitting method. It is concluded that the GPS/ leveling method based on EGM2008 has good conformance with the measuring area. Finally, the paper summarizes the work done, and puts forward several problems that need to be perfected in the future work.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P223;P228.4

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本文編號：2211236