【摘要】：洪水是最常見(jiàn)、最普遍的自然災(zāi)害。與其他自然災(zāi)害相比，，中國(guó)明顯更易受到洪水的危害，會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境和社會(huì)造成巨大的影響。當(dāng)前人類雖然不能完全實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)洪水的管理，但是通過(guò)采用合理的工程和非工程措施，可以將洪水災(zāi)害造成的損失降到最低。要實(shí)現(xiàn)洪水管理，可靠、準(zhǔn)確的洪水要素信息則是必需的，洪水仿真在這方面起著重要的作用。此外，由于洪水仿真涉及到很多的空間數(shù)據(jù)，而地理信息系統(tǒng)(Geographic Information System，GIS)作為空間數(shù)據(jù)管理和分析的重要技術(shù)，對(duì)于仿真有著極大的支持與輔助作用。 本文分析了洪水?dāng)?shù)值模擬的水文水力學(xué)模型，研究了GIS空間數(shù)據(jù)管理和分析功能在洪水仿真過(guò)程中的重要作用，在GIS的基礎(chǔ)上集成了一維和二維的水力學(xué)洪水?dāng)?shù)值模擬，用來(lái)實(shí)施對(duì)河道及泛區(qū)的洪水仿真。文中以漢江下游河道及其泛區(qū)為研究背景，對(duì)漢江下游地區(qū)洪水基本要素的獲得及其可視化進(jìn)行了研究。主要內(nèi)容概括如下： (1)對(duì)現(xiàn)有的洪水模擬方法進(jìn)行綜述，并進(jìn)行了比較。 (2)本文采用水文水力學(xué)方法進(jìn)行洪水?dāng)?shù)值模擬仿真，對(duì)于一維和二維模型做重點(diǎn)介紹，并對(duì)當(dāng)前洪水仿真常用的數(shù)值計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。 (3) GIS在洪水模擬仿真方面有著重要作用，本文建立了基于GIS的河道與洪泛區(qū)洪水模擬模型，對(duì)HEC-RAS、TELAMC-2D的原理和功能進(jìn)行了敘述，介紹了其使用方法。 (4)運(yùn)用基于GIS的洪水仿真模型研究了漢江下游地區(qū)在給定情況下的洪水演進(jìn)過(guò)程，得到了洪水要素信息，實(shí)現(xiàn)了洪水要素的可視化與分析。
[Abstract]:Floods are the most common and most common natural disasters. Compared with other natural disasters, China is obviously more vulnerable to floods and has a great impact on the environment and society. Although human beings can not manage the flood completely at present, the loss caused by flood disaster can be reduced to the minimum by adopting reasonable engineering and non-engineering measures. In order to realize flood management, reliable and accurate information of flood elements is necessary. Flood simulation plays an important role in this aspect. In addition, flood simulation involves a lot of spatial data. As an important technology of spatial data management and analysis, GIS (Geographic Information system GIS) plays a very important role in simulation. In this paper, the hydrohydraulic model of flood numerical simulation is analyzed, and the important role of GIS spatial data management and analysis function in flood simulation process is studied. Based on GIS, one and two dimensional hydrological flood numerical simulation are integrated. It is used to simulate the flood of river and pan-region. In this paper, the basic elements of flood in the lower reaches of Hanjiang River and its visualization are studied under the background of the study of the lower Hanjiang river channel and its pan-region. The main contents are summarized as follows: (1) the existing flood simulation methods are summarized and compared. (2) the hydrohydraulic method is used to simulate the flood numerical simulation in this paper. The one-dimensional and two-dimensional models are introduced emphatically, and the numerical methods commonly used in flood simulation are summarized. (3) GIS plays an important role in flood simulation. In this paper, a flood simulation model based on GIS is established, and the principle and function of HEC-RASA TELAMC-2D are described. (4) the flood simulation model based on GIS is used to study the flood routing process in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River under given conditions. The information of flood elements is obtained, and the visualization and analysis of flood elements are realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TV87;P208

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