【摘要】：高分辨率對地觀測系統(tǒng)重大專項是《國家中長期科學(xué)與技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要(2006-2020年)》確定的十六個重大科技專項之一,于2010年批準(zhǔn)啟動實施,目前已經(jīng)建立了較為完善的地面系統(tǒng)。高分一號(GF-1)是該專項首顆衛(wèi)星,于2013年成功發(fā)射,高分二號(GF-2)是我國自主研制的首顆空間分辨率優(yōu)于1m的民用光學(xué)遙感衛(wèi)星,標(biāo)志著我國遙感衛(wèi)星進(jìn)入亞米級“高分時代”。衛(wèi)星遙感影像因其自身具有的客觀、宏觀、快速的對地觀測能力,已成為國土資源規(guī)劃、決策與管理的重要支撐性技術(shù)之一。數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量決定了信息的可用性,對所成影像進(jìn)行質(zhì)量評價是衛(wèi)星業(yè)務(wù)化運(yùn)行和應(yīng)用的重要保證。通過對衛(wèi)星影像質(zhì)量評價和特征分析,得到圖像處理和信息提取的先驗知識,有助于高分衛(wèi)星影像的推廣利用和后繼衛(wèi)星的開發(fā)研制,這也正是本研究的出發(fā)點和落腳點。本文依托四川省國土資源廳科學(xué)研究計劃項目“國產(chǎn)衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)在土地利用監(jiān)測與現(xiàn)狀變更調(diào)查中的遙感產(chǎn)品驗證與推廣研究”,重點針對GF-2影像數(shù)據(jù)開展質(zhì)量評價與影像特征分析,研究結(jié)果可為高分衛(wèi)星的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展提供參考,并為充分挖掘高分系列衛(wèi)星應(yīng)用價值奠定基礎(chǔ),主要工作及取得的成果如下:(1)對影像處理中常用的波段組合、融合方法以及幾何校正進(jìn)行試驗分析,得到了最優(yōu)波段組合、最佳融合方法和影像幾何校正精度,分析了GF-2影像的成圖比例尺,試驗結(jié)果可為GF-2數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用提供參考;(2)選取覆蓋相同區(qū)域且成像時間較為接近的GF-1、GF-2衛(wèi)星影像,以影像公共區(qū)域為研究區(qū),從地理要素視覺分析、灰度統(tǒng)計、信息量、清晰度、影像紋理特征以及影像能量特征等方面開展影像工程質(zhì)量分析和評價,定性和定量評價了GF-2衛(wèi)星影像的成像質(zhì)量;(3)從信息提取的角度,對比分析GF-1、GF-2衛(wèi)星的多光譜影像典型地物光譜特征,結(jié)合地物樣本可分性測試和監(jiān)督分類試驗,驗證了GF-2衛(wèi)星獲取地物信息的能力;(4)調(diào)制傳遞函數(shù)(MTF)是非常精確的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)性能評價指標(biāo),也常常用來評價圖像質(zhì)量。本文利用刀刃法獲取了GF-2全色影像的調(diào)制傳遞函數(shù)(MTF),通過分析GF-2全色影像的FWHM值和Nyquist頻率處MTF值,定量評價了GF-2衛(wèi)星全色相機(jī)的空間分辨率。
[Abstract]:The high resolution Earth observation system is one of the 16 major scientific and technological projects defined in the outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Program (2006-2020). It was approved for implementation in 2010, and a relatively perfect ground system has been established. Gao Fei-1 (GF-1) is the first satellite of this project, which was successfully launched in 2013. Gaofen 2 (GF-2) is the first civil optical remote sensing satellite with spatial resolution better than 1m, which marks the entry of China's remote sensing satellite into the sub-meter "high score era". Satellite remote sensing image has become one of the important supporting technologies in land and resource planning, decision-making and management because of its objective, macroscopic and rapid earth observation ability. The quality of data determines the availability of information. The evaluation of the image quality is an important guarantee for satellite operation and application. A priori knowledge of image processing and information extraction is obtained through the quality evaluation and feature analysis of satellite images, which is helpful to the popularization and utilization of high-score satellite images and the development and development of subsequent satellites, which is the starting point and destination of this study. This paper relies on the scientific research project of Sichuan Provincial Land and Resources Department, "validation and popularization of remote sensing products of domestic satellite data in land use monitoring and status change investigation", Focusing on the quality evaluation and image feature analysis of GF-2 image data, the research results can provide a reference for the application and development of high-score satellites, and lay a foundation for fully mining the application value of high-score series satellites. The main work and achievements are as follows: (1) the band combination, fusion method and geometric correction used in image processing are tested and analyzed, and the optimal band combination, optimal fusion method and image geometric correction accuracy are obtained. The mapping scale of GF-2 image is analyzed. The experimental results can provide reference for the application of GF-2 data. (2) selecting GF-1 and GF-2 satellite images covering the same area and the same imaging time, taking the common area of the image as the study area, the visual analysis of geographical elements is carried out. Image engineering quality analysis and evaluation are carried out in the aspects of grayscale statistics, information quantity, clarity, texture features and image energy features. The image quality of GF-2 satellite images is evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. (3) from the angle of information extraction, The spectral characteristics of typical ground objects in multispectral images of GF-1 and GF-2 satellite are compared and analyzed, combined with the test of the separability of ground objects and the supervised classification test. (4) Modulation transfer function (MTF) is a very accurate index for evaluating the performance of optical systems and is often used to evaluate image quality. In this paper, the modulation transfer function (MTF),) of GF-2 panchromatic images is obtained by using the blade method. The spatial resolution of GF-2 satellite panchromatic cameras is quantitatively evaluated by analyzing the FWHM values of GF-2 panchromatic images and the MTF values at Nyquist frequencies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P237

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本文編號：2158374