【摘要】：地理空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的建設(shè)與更新是國(guó)家空間數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的重要組成部分，其質(zhì)量和現(xiàn)勢(shì)性直接影響和制約地理信息應(yīng)用的效果。地名是地理空間數(shù)據(jù)的重要組成部分，在地理信息數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用中發(fā)揮著重要作用。隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展以及政區(qū)和行政區(qū)劃的不斷調(diào)整，地名數(shù)據(jù)也處于不斷變化之中。由于資料來源、尺度和使用對(duì)象的不同，地理名稱和地名數(shù)量在不同地名數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中存在差異，多尺度地理空間信息中地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理便成為研究方向之一。本文對(duì)地名變化類型以及多尺度地名數(shù)據(jù)不一致的原因進(jìn)行分析，在幾何數(shù)據(jù)相似性和語義信息相似性匹配技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上提出了多尺度地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理的模型及方法，結(jié)合地名數(shù)據(jù)中生僻漢字的特殊性，給出了不同的匹配處理方法。對(duì)多尺度地名信息一致性處理進(jìn)行了較為深入的研究，開發(fā)了相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括： 1.介紹了地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理的研究背景、研究意義和國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，分析了當(dāng)前地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性研究中存在的主要問題，論述了進(jìn)行地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理的必要性和緊迫性。 2.剖析了地名一致性的基本概念和相關(guān)理論，研究了幾何相似性度量模型和屬性相似性算法，為多尺度地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理模型的建立和匹配更新算法的設(shè)計(jì)奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 3.研究了地名漢字存儲(chǔ)規(guī)則和地名數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，分析了各種類型地名變化的原因以及造成地名數(shù)據(jù)不一致性的因素。研究了地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理的原則和內(nèi)容以及具體處理流程和主要方法。 4.從幾何相似性和語義相似性兩個(gè)方面分別研究了地名數(shù)據(jù)相似性匹配技術(shù)，根據(jù)不同的數(shù)據(jù)類型給出了多種地名相似性匹配模型算法。重點(diǎn)研究了多尺度地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理技術(shù)，針對(duì)地名生僻字的特殊性，采用多尺度數(shù)據(jù)間的生僻字地名相互搜索的辦法，給出了地名匹配算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)了地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理。 5.開發(fā)了多尺度矢量地名數(shù)據(jù)一致性處理實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，論證了各模型算法的可行性，介紹了系統(tǒng)的功能模塊，，主要包括屬性查詢、生僻字處理和地名匹配更新等內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:The construction and updating of geospatial database is an important part of the construction of national spatial data infrastructure. Its quality and present situation directly affect and restrict the effect of geographic information application. As an important part of geospatial data, geographical names play an important role in the application of geographic information data. With the rapid development of national economy and the adjustment of administrative districts and administrative divisions, geographical names data are also in constant change. Because of the difference of data sources, scales and objects, geographical names and the number of geographical names are different in different geographical names databases, so the consistency processing of geographical names data in multi-scale geospatial information becomes one of the research directions. This paper analyzes the change types of geographical names and the reasons for the inconsistency of multi-scale toponymic data. Based on the matching technology of geometric data similarity and semantic information similarity, the model and method of consistency processing of multi-scale toponymic data are put forward. According to the particularity of rare Chinese characters in toponymic data, different matching methods are given. In this paper, the consistency of multi-scale toponymic information is deeply studied, and the corresponding experimental system is developed. The main contents are as follows: 1. This paper introduces the research background, significance and current situation of the research on the consistency of toponymic data, and analyzes the main problems existing in the research of the consistency of toponymic data at present. This paper discusses the necessity and urgency of dealing with the consistency of toponymic data. The basic concepts and related theories of geographical names consistency are analyzed, and the geometric similarity measurement model and attribute similarity algorithm are studied. It lays a theoretical foundation for the establishment of consistency processing model of multi-scale toponymic data and the design of matching updating algorithm. This paper studies the storage rules and data structure of geographical names Chinese characters, analyzes the causes of the change of various types of geographical names and the factors that cause the inconsistency of geographical names data. This paper studies the principle and content of consistency processing of toponymic data, as well as the concrete processing flow and main methods. 4. In this paper, the similarity matching technology of geographical names data is studied in terms of geometric similarity and semantic similarity, and a variety of geographical names similarity matching model algorithms are given according to different data types. In this paper, the consistency processing technology of multi-scale toponymic data is studied emphatically. In view of the particularity of toponymic characters, a toponymic matching algorithm is put forward by using the method of searching for different geographical names among multi-scale data. The consistency processing of toponymic data is realized. 5. An experimental system for consistency processing of multi-scale vector toponymic data is developed, and the feasibility of each model algorithm is demonstrated. The functional modules of the system are introduced, including attribute query, remote word processing and place name matching update.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：解放軍信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208;P281

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