【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟和城鎮(zhèn)化的快速發(fā)展,歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村的保護與開發(fā)受到嚴峻的考驗�；诖�,國家建設部和文物局于2003年共同頒布了《中國歷史文化名村或中國歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)評選辦法》將歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村作為重點保護和開發(fā)對象。在此背景下,本文通過對江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村地理信息的收集,基于自然區(qū)劃分類標準,利用遙感圖像對村落進行分類評價;利用Google Earth、ArcGIS10.0技術對江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村的空間分布格局、類型、均衡性四個方面進行空間分布特征研究;通過自然因素、文化因素、交通因素、經(jīng)濟因素對江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村的影響進行分析;最后基于本文的數(shù)理分析結果,對江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村的保護和開發(fā)提出思考和建議。研究結果表明:(1)村落選址受自然環(huán)境因素影響,依據(jù)海拔可把歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村劃分為平原型、丘陵型和山地型村落,根據(jù)村落職能主要分為七種,即耕讀型、商貿型、交通型、紀念型、避世型、宗教型、風水型。(2)江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村的整體空間分布特征呈明顯的集聚分布;分布數(shù)量上具有不均衡性,以吉安市、上饒市、撫州市、贛州市最為集中,分別有25、22、18、18個歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村,占全省總數(shù)的69.00%,并形成了以婺源、金溪、吉安市區(qū)-吉安縣、安義-進賢-豐城為中心的四個歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村集聚區(qū);分布時間上以唐、宋、明、清為主,主要分布在上饒、撫州、吉安、贛州。(3)江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村的影響因素分析,選取了海拔因素、交通因素、文化因素、經(jīng)濟因素四個方面。數(shù)據(jù)表示,江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村有78%的村鎮(zhèn)位于海拔300米以下區(qū)域;大部分村鎮(zhèn)所處交通位置偏遠,可達性差;贛鄱文化作為江西省的文化核心,各地區(qū)又分別劃分為潯陽文化、豫章文化、臨川文化、廬陵文化、贛南客家文化、袁州文化、道教文化、徽文化8大文化圈,江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村以廬陵文化、臨川文化、客家文化、徽文化為主;通過對江西省各縣市2015年GDP進行可視化表達,60%的歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村都分布在200-400億元的縣市,江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村所處地區(qū)經(jīng)濟水平薄弱,有待開發(fā)。(4)江西省歷史文化名鎮(zhèn)名村的保護面臨著諸多問題,保護與開發(fā)工作應該要充分利用好類型特征,統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃,合理開發(fā)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and urbanization, the protection and development of famous villages in historical and cultural towns are severely tested. Based on this, the State Ministry of Construction and the Bureau of Cultural relics jointly promulgated the measures for selecting famous villages and towns of Chinese History and Culture in 2003, which take the famous villages of historical and cultural towns as the key protection and development objects. Under this background, this paper uses remote sensing image to classify and evaluate the villages by collecting the geographical information of the famous villages and villages in Jiangxi Province, based on the classification standard of natural regionalization. The spatial distribution pattern, type and equilibrium of famous towns and villages in Jiangxi Province are studied by using ArcGIS10.0 technology of Google Earthland, and through natural factors, cultural factors and traffic factors, the spatial distribution characteristics of the famous towns and villages in Jiangxi Province are studied in the following four aspects: natural factors, cultural factors, traffic factors, and so on. This paper analyzes the influence of economic factors on the famous villages of historical and cultural towns in Jiangxi Province, and finally, based on the results of mathematical analysis in this paper, puts forward some thoughts and suggestions on the protection and development of famous villages of historical and cultural towns in Jiangxi Province. The results show that: (1) the village location is affected by natural environment factors. According to the altitude, the famous villages of historical and cultural towns can be divided into plain type, hilly type and mountain type. According to the village function, there are mainly seven kinds of villages, namely, ploughing and reading type, commerce type, and so on. Traffic type, memorial type, avoiding the world type, religion type, feng shui type. (2) the overall spatial distribution characteristics of famous towns and villages in Jiangxi Province show obvious agglomeration distribution, the distribution quantity is uneven, in Ji'an, Shangrao and Fuzhou, Ganzhou is the most concentrated, with 25, 22, 18 famous historical and cultural towns and villages, accounting for 69. 00% of the total number of historical and cultural towns in the province, and forming four famous historical and cultural villages agglomeration areas centered on Wuyuan, Jinxi, Ji'an-Ji'an County, Anyi-Jinxian-Fengcheng. The distribution time is mainly in Tang, Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, mainly distributed in Shangrao, Fuzhou, Ji'an and Ganzhou. (3) the factors affecting the famous villages of historical and cultural towns in Jiangxi Province are analyzed, and the factors of altitude, traffic and culture are selected. Four aspects of economic factors. According to the data, 78 percent of the famous villages in Jiangxi Province are located in areas below 300 meters above sea level; most of the villages and towns are located in remote traffic locations with poor accessibility; and Ganpo culture is the cultural core of Jiangxi Province. Each region is divided into eight cultural circles: Xunyang culture, Yuzhang culture, Linchuan culture, Luling culture, Gannan Hakka culture, Yuanzhou culture, Taoist culture and Hui culture. Hakka culture, Hui culture is the main part, 60% of the famous historical and cultural towns and villages are distributed in the county and city of 20-40 billion yuan by visualizing the GDP of every county and city in Jiangxi Province in 2015, and the economic level of the region in which the famous historical and cultural towns and villages in Jiangxi Province are located is weak. (4) there are many problems in the protection of famous towns and villages in Jiangxi Province. The protection and development work should make full use of the characteristics of the types, make unified planning and develop reasonably.
【學位授予單位】：東華理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K901.6;P208

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