本文選題：載波相位定位 + LAMBDA�。� 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：全球經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,帶動(dòng)著汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展；與此同時(shí),道路交通壓力也日益增加,一個(gè)可以讓人、車、路相互作用的智能交通系統(tǒng)(ITS, Intelligent Transport System)也逐漸成為大眾關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)。ITS旨在建立起覆蓋范圍廣、實(shí)時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確、高效的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)。其主要技術(shù)包括GPS載波相位定位技術(shù)、云計(jì)算等。 ITS的技術(shù)之一,GPS載波相位定位需要解決的問(wèn)題有兩個(gè),即整周模糊度解算和模糊度周跳探測(cè)。整周模糊度決定著定位的時(shí)間和精度,本文的重點(diǎn)是研究整周模糊度的求解過(guò)程并解算流動(dòng)站的坐標(biāo)。在眾多模糊度解算算法中, LAMBDA算法由于其定位精度高、計(jì)算速度快等特點(diǎn),現(xiàn)被廣泛地運(yùn)用于GPS載波相位定位中。同時(shí),在本系統(tǒng)中將使用FPGA作為模糊度解算的計(jì)算單元。使用FPGA的目的是提高模糊度解算的速度。論文的主要工作如下所示： (1)論文在深入研究LAMBDA算法之后,得出了一種能改進(jìn)LAMBDA算法關(guān)鍵技術(shù),即降相關(guān)作用的算法；并且論文通過(guò)大量的實(shí)例證明該算法能在高緯度模糊度降相關(guān)方面有一定的提高。 (2) LAMBDA算法另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是模糊度空間的確定。針對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題,論文通過(guò)大量的實(shí)例分析并驗(yàn)證了現(xiàn)有的比較經(jīng)典的算法的優(yōu)劣。在總結(jié)對(duì)比之后,論文使用一種相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單和有效的,通過(guò)實(shí)際備選模糊度修訂確定搜索空間的算法來(lái)確定模糊度的搜索空間。 (3)論文使用中國(guó)香港大地網(wǎng)站提供的數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)站星雙差觀測(cè)方程求得流動(dòng)站的基線坐標(biāo),并通過(guò)差分GPS定位來(lái)修訂定位結(jié)果,最后對(duì)定位結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。 論文中的GPS載波相位定位系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)定位平均誤差能達(dá)到9cm,這與預(yù)期的定位結(jié)果相接近。在實(shí)際生活中,厘米級(jí)的定位系統(tǒng)在交通運(yùn)輸方面可以進(jìn)行車輛監(jiān)控或急救等；在車載導(dǎo)航方面可以幫助司機(jī)智能地選擇行使路線,從而高效利用道路資源,減少能源浪費(fèi)。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the global economy has led to the vigorous development of the automobile industry and the transportation industry. At the same time, the pressure on road traffic is increasing day by day. Intelligent Transport system (ITS), which interacts with roads, has gradually become the focus of public attention. Its aims to establish a wide coverage, real-time, accurate and efficient transportation system. The main technologies include GPS carrier phase positioning, cloud computing and so on. There are two problems that need to be solved in GPS carrier phase positioning, that is, integer ambiguity resolution and ambiguity cycle slip detection. The ambiguity of the whole cycle determines the time and accuracy of the location. The emphasis of this paper is to study the process of solving the ambiguity of the whole cycle and to solve the coordinates of the mobile station. Among many ambiguity resolution methods, Lambda algorithm is widely used in GPS carrier phase positioning because of its high accuracy and fast computing speed. At the same time, FPGA will be used as the calculation unit of ambiguity resolution in this system. The purpose of using FPGA is to improve the speed of ambiguity resolution. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) after deeply studying the Lambda algorithm, a new algorithm which can improve the Lambda algorithm is proposed. And a large number of examples show that the algorithm can improve the correlation of high latitude ambiguity reduction. (2) the determination of ambiguity space is another key technology of Lambda algorithm. In order to solve this problem, this paper analyzes and verifies the advantages and disadvantages of the existing classical algorithms through a large number of examples. After summing up the comparison, the paper uses a relatively simple and effective, The search space of ambiguity is determined by revising the algorithm of determining the search space by using the actual alternative ambiguity. (3) the baseline coordinates of the mobile station are obtained by using the data provided by the Hong Kong Geodetic website, China. The positioning results are revised by differential GPS positioning. Finally, the positioning results are analyzed. The average static positioning error of the GPS carrier phase positioning system in this paper can reach 9 cm, which is close to the expected positioning results. In real life, centimeter positioning system can carry out vehicle monitoring or first aid in traffic and transportation; in vehicle navigation, it can help drivers choose the route intelligently, thus efficiently utilize road resources and reduce energy waste.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P228.4;TN791

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