本文選題：GPS + 實(shí)時(shí)精密單點(diǎn)定位　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：精密定位中的誤差項(xiàng)是影響定位精度的最直接也是最主要的因素。隨著對(duì)定位精度要求的不斷提高，需要建立更加準(zhǔn)確有效的誤差改正模型。本論文對(duì)影響精密定位精度的衛(wèi)星軌道插值、接收機(jī)天線整流罩影響以及多路徑效應(yīng)等誤差項(xiàng)展開(kāi)了較為深入的研究。另外，實(shí)時(shí)精密單點(diǎn)定位技術(shù)（Real-time Precise Point Positioning，簡(jiǎn)稱RT-PPP）已成為當(dāng)前GNSS領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)，也將是目前乃至未來(lái)實(shí)時(shí)高精度動(dòng)態(tài)定位的主要技術(shù)手段之一。本論文針對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)精密單點(diǎn)定位技術(shù)存在的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題，重點(diǎn)研究了基于區(qū)域IGS站網(wǎng)實(shí)時(shí)估計(jì)鐘差的實(shí)時(shí)PPP方法，以及在此基礎(chǔ)上提出的改進(jìn)方法——一種無(wú)需精密鐘差的實(shí)時(shí)PPP方法。論文的主要成果和貢獻(xiàn)如下： 1、針對(duì)精密定位中的軌道插值誤差，定量分析了6種插值方法在GPS軌道內(nèi)插中的精度，得出6種方法在結(jié)果上的一致性和原理上的等價(jià)性，都在取9階時(shí)其內(nèi)插精度都為最優(yōu)，并且內(nèi)插得到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化軌道完全可以滿足后續(xù)解算的要求。 2、證明了6種一般內(nèi)插方法不適合低軌衛(wèi)星如GOCE衛(wèi)星的軌道和速度插值，最后研究提出了一種高精度GOCE衛(wèi)星幾何速度的插值方法，，該方法大大提高了速度插值精度和可靠性。運(yùn)用本文方法獲取的高精度幾何法軌道速度，將為后續(xù)基于GOCE衛(wèi)星幾何法軌道的重力場(chǎng)恢復(fù)提供強(qiáng)有力的支撐。 3、總結(jié)得出接收機(jī)天線整流罩是通過(guò)天線相位中心的變化來(lái)影響定位精度，得到了整流罩對(duì)天線相位中心的影響與高度角成正耦合關(guān)系的結(jié)論，并比較分析了不同類(lèi)型天線整流罩對(duì)相對(duì)定位和PPP精度的影響，給出了定位計(jì)算時(shí)整流罩選擇問(wèn)題的建議。 4、研究了在精密定位中常被忽略的多路徑效應(yīng)的影響，通過(guò)偽距減載波方法（CMC）定量給出了中國(guó)區(qū)域內(nèi)5個(gè)IGS測(cè)站的多路徑影響水平，并運(yùn)用最小均方自適應(yīng)算法（LMS）對(duì)原始多路徑誤差進(jìn)行濾波處理，結(jié)果證實(shí)新濾波算法的誤差改正率維持在80%以上，這有利于提高后續(xù)定位的精度。 5、提出了基于區(qū)域IGS網(wǎng)估計(jì)衛(wèi)星鐘差的實(shí)時(shí)精密單點(diǎn)定位方法，用該方法估計(jì)得到的鐘差與IGS精密鐘差產(chǎn)品具有較好的一致性，互差的RMS優(yōu)于0.1ns，利用該方法求解出的鐘差，可以獲得厘米級(jí)的實(shí)時(shí)PPP精度。 6、指出了基于區(qū)域IGS網(wǎng)估計(jì)衛(wèi)星鐘差的實(shí)時(shí)精密單點(diǎn)定位方法的一些缺點(diǎn)，提出了一種無(wú)需精密鐘差的實(shí)時(shí)精密單點(diǎn)定位方法，結(jié)果表明新方法不僅對(duì)參考站數(shù)量的要求較低，而且平均精度優(yōu)于同等條件下估計(jì)衛(wèi)星鐘差的PPP方法，精度提高近28.8%。
[Abstract]:The error term in precision positioning is the most direct and main factor that affects the positioning accuracy. With the improvement of positioning accuracy, a more accurate and effective error correction model is needed. In this paper, the error terms such as satellite orbit interpolation, receiver fairing and multipath effect, which affect the precision of positioning, are studied deeply. In addition, Real-time Precise Point Positioning, (RT-PPP), a real-time precise single point positioning technology, has become a hot research topic in the field of GNSS, and will be one of the main technical means of real-time and high-precision dynamic positioning in the future. Aiming at the key problems of real-time precise single point positioning technology, this paper focuses on the research of real-time PPP method based on real-time estimation of clock error in regional IGS network. On the basis of this, an improved method, a real time PPP method without precise clock error, is proposed. The main achievements and contributions of the paper are as follows: 1. Aiming at the orbit interpolation error in precision positioning, the accuracy of six interpolation methods in GPS orbit interpolation is quantitatively analyzed, and the consistency of the results and the equivalence in principle of the six interpolation methods are obtained. And the normalized orbit can meet the requirements of the subsequent solution. 2. It is proved that six general interpolation methods are not suitable for orbit and velocity interpolation of Leo satellites such as GOCE satellites. Finally, a high precision interpolation method for geometric velocity of GOCE satellites is proposed, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of velocity interpolation. The high precision orbital velocity obtained by the method in this paper will provide a strong support for the subsequent gravity field recovery based on the GOCE satellite geometric orbit. 3. It is concluded that the fairing of the receiver affects the positioning accuracy by the change of the antenna phase center, and the effect of the fairing on the antenna phase center is positively coupled with the height angle. The effects of different types of radome on relative positioning and PPP accuracy are compared and analyzed. Suggestions on the selection of fairing in positioning calculation are given. 4. The influence of multipath effect, which is often neglected in precision positioning, is studied, and the multipath influence level of five IGS stations in China is quantitatively given by using pseudo-range carrier subtraction method. The least mean square adaptive algorithm (LMS) is used to filter the original multipath error. The results show that the error correction rate of the new filtering algorithm is above 80%, which is helpful to improve the accuracy of the subsequent location. 5. A real time precise single point positioning method based on regional IGS net to estimate satellite clock error is proposed. The clock difference estimated by this method is in good agreement with that of IGS precision clock difference product. The RMS with mutual difference is better than 0.1 ns, and the clock difference calculated by this method is better than that obtained by this method. Real-time PPP accuracy of centimeter level can be obtained. 6. Some shortcomings of the real-time precise single point positioning method based on regional IGS net estimation of satellite clock error are pointed out, and a real-time precise single point positioning method without precise clock error is proposed. The results show that the new method not only requires less reference stations. And the average accuracy is better than the PPP method of estimating satellite clock error under the same conditions, and the accuracy is improved by nearly 28.8.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P228

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 趙琳鈺;陶庭葉;杜紅雨;羅磊;方嘉浩;;一種自制北斗導(dǎo)航定位集成模塊[J];黑龍江科技信息;2017年15期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 臧楠;BDS/GNSS精密單點(diǎn)定位算法研究[D];長(zhǎng)安大學(xué);2015年

2 陳康慷;IGS分析中心軌道/鐘差產(chǎn)品綜合及網(wǎng)解模式動(dòng)態(tài)精密單點(diǎn)定位研究[D];長(zhǎng)安大學(xué);2014年

本文編號(hào)：1945262