本文選題：全波形激光雷達 + 優(yōu)化Levenberg-Marquard算法　； 參考：《山東科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高精度的激光測距值是實現(xiàn)無地面控制大比例尺攝影測量測圖的關(guān)鍵與保障。將高精度的激光測距值作為控制約束條件,參與影像的區(qū)域網(wǎng)平差計算,實現(xiàn)地面點高程精度的提高。當激光足印內(nèi)地形起伏較大或者目標地物比較復雜時,距離測量精度和激光點定位精度將會受到影響。文中通過采用優(yōu)化LM(Levenberg-Marquard)算法對全波形激光雷達數(shù)據(jù)進行高斯分解,在此基礎(chǔ)上提取足印內(nèi)目標地物特征信息,并依據(jù)1:10000測圖精度的要求進行篩選實驗,制定篩選準則,從而獲取滿足測圖精度要求的激光測高點。因此,開展激光測高點篩選工作對于后續(xù)提升高程精度的研究有著十分重要的意義。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容有:(1)研究了機載LVIS和星載GLAS的數(shù)據(jù)格式,并按照格式進行數(shù)據(jù)解析,這是進行本課題研究的基礎(chǔ)。(2)采用閾值和高斯濾波相結(jié)合的方法對回波信號進行去噪處理,實驗表明該方法在保留有效信號的同時,噪聲得以去除,為下一步的波形分解提供數(shù)據(jù)支持。(3)分析了全波形高斯分解的研究現(xiàn)狀和傳統(tǒng)LM算法原理,并通過控制雅克比矩陣的更新以及阻尼系數(shù)的調(diào)整對LM算法進行了優(yōu)化,然后分別采用傳統(tǒng)LM算法和優(yōu)化LM算法對LVIS和GLAS數(shù)據(jù)進行波形分解對比分析實驗,驗證了采用優(yōu)化LM算法進行全波形高斯分解不但簡化了計算過程,而且得到的擬合波形非常逼近原始波形,從而輔助進行后續(xù)的激光測高點篩選。(4)依據(jù)1:10000測圖精度要求對激光測高點篩選進行了研究,通過仿真實驗分析地形地物對回波信號的影響,借助全波形高斯分解得到的各波形分量提取足印內(nèi)目標地物特征參數(shù),并研究分析了坡度對測距精度的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上進行篩選實驗,制定篩選準則,進而對威海市文登區(qū)的30條GLAS光斑數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合Google earth影像進行激光測高點篩選,最終獲得滿足測圖精度要求的激光測高點。
[Abstract]:High precision laser ranging is the key and guarantee to realize large scale photogrammetry without ground control. The high precision laser ranging value is taken as the control constraint condition to participate in the calculation of the regional network adjustment of the image, and the elevation accuracy of the ground point can be improved. The precision of distance measurement and laser point location will be affected when the topography in the laser footprint is large or the object is more complicated. In this paper, the Gao Si decomposition of the full waveform lidar data is carried out by using the optimized LMC Levenberg-Marquard algorithm, and on this basis, the feature information of the target in the footprint is extracted, and the screening experiment is carried out according to the requirement of 1: 10000 mapping accuracy, and the screening criteria are worked out. In order to obtain the laser survey height to meet the requirements of mapping accuracy. Therefore, it is very important to carry out the work of laser height screening for further research on elevation accuracy. In this paper, the data formats of airborne LVIS and spaceborne GLAS are studied, and the data are analyzed according to the format. This is the basis of this research. (2) denoising the echo signal by combining threshold and Gao Si filter. The experiment shows that the noise can be removed while the effective signal is retained. Provide data support for the next wave decomposition.) analyze the research status of full waveform Gao Si decomposition and the principle of traditional LM algorithm, and optimize the LM algorithm by controlling the updating of Jacobian matrix and adjusting the damping coefficient. Then the conventional LM algorithm and the optimized LM algorithm are used to compare and analyze the waveform decomposition of LVIS and GLAS data, which proves that the optimal LM algorithm not only simplifies the calculation process, but also simplifies the whole waveform Gao Si decomposition. Moreover, the fitting waveforms obtained are very close to the original waveforms, so as to assist in the subsequent laser height screening. (4) according to the accuracy requirements of 1: 10000 mapping, the laser height screening is studied. The influence of terrain and ground objects on echo signal is analyzed by simulation experiment. The characteristic parameters of target in foot-print are extracted with the help of all waveform components decomposed by Gao Si, and the influence of slope on ranging accuracy is studied and analyzed. On this basis, the screening experiment was carried out, and the screening criteria were established, and then 30 GLAS spot data from Wendeng District of Weihai City were screened with Google earth images, and the laser height was obtained to meet the requirements of mapping accuracy.
【學位授予單位】：山東科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P237

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