本文選題：三頻數(shù)據(jù)組合 + 改進Kalman濾波法��； 參考：《遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文從GNSS現(xiàn)代化的大背景出發(fā),以北斗二代系統(tǒng)為重點,以三頻數(shù)據(jù)處理為主線展開論述,對相關(guān)算法進行了詳盡的分析和實驗,并對存在的問題進行了改進,為我國北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的快速發(fā)展提供了一些有益的參考。GNSS現(xiàn)代化的重要標(biāo)志之一就是三頻或多頻觀測數(shù)據(jù)的使用,多頻數(shù)據(jù)能形成更多長波長、低噪聲、弱電離層延遲等特性優(yōu)良的組合,從而為導(dǎo)航定位關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的解決帶來新機遇。本文從以下幾個方面進行了研究：1.BDS三頻相位組合方面,從相位組合的定義出發(fā)分析了組合后的各項誤差特性,篩選了一些全局最優(yōu)解的組合系數(shù),提出一種基于平面不等式約束法的組合系數(shù)選取法。2.BDS三頻周跳探測與修復(fù)方面,研究了幾種單雙頻法,提出一種改進的Kalman濾波法；研究了偽距相位組合法及相位無幾何距離法兩種三頻方法,推導(dǎo)了周跳檢測量公式,實驗證明兩種方法對大采樣率下小周跳極為敏感；提出一種組合相位差分法,該方法在組合相位間求差,實驗證明可對小至1周的周跳實現(xiàn)探測；提出將單頻多普勒法擴展為三頻法,增加了多種觀測值的利用,實驗結(jié)果顯示對10周以上的大周跳可實現(xiàn)探測。3.BDS三頻模糊度解算方面,研究了基于觀測值域的B_Tcar法,通過逐級固定超寬巷、寬巷及原始頻點模糊度,實驗結(jié)果顯示短基線各級模糊度可單歷元固定,長基線下測站間電離層相關(guān)性變?nèi)踉碱l點模糊度有數(shù)周的波動；推導(dǎo)了一種利用三頻組合解求TEC及電離層延遲量的公式,用于改正長基線下電離層延遲量,經(jīng)改正波動范圍可削弱至1周；對中長基線原始頻點模糊度存在噪聲影響的情況,引入了小波去噪法,分析了不同小波基函數(shù)的去噪效果；提出一種基于噪聲誤差最小化的方法解算中長基線模糊度,推導(dǎo)了噪聲誤差最小化公式,該方法可有效降低噪聲對原始頻點模糊度固定的影響。4.論文最后基于MATLAB GUI開發(fā)了三頻數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件,對相關(guān)原理加以程序?qū)崿F(xiàn),增強了實用性。
[Abstract]:This paper starts from the background of GNSS modernization, focusing on Beidou second generation system, taking three frequency data processing as the main line, analyzing and experimenting the relevant algorithms in detail, and improving the existing problems. It provides some useful reference for the rapid development of Beidou navigation system in China. One of the important signs of modernization of GNSS is the use of three-frequency or multi-frequency observation data, which can form longer wavelength and lower noise. Weak ionospheric delay and other excellent combination bring new opportunities to solve the key technologies of navigation and positioning. In this paper, we study the three-frequency phase combination from the following aspects: 1.BDS, analyze the error characteristics of the combination from the definition of the phase combination, and screen the combination coefficients of some global optimal solutions. A combination coefficient selection method based on plane inequality constraint method is proposed. 2. The detection and repair of cycle slips in three frequencies are studied, several single and double frequency methods are studied, and an improved Kalman filtering method is proposed. In this paper, the pseudo-range phase combination method and phase no-geometric distance method are studied, and the cycle slip detection formulas are derived. The experimental results show that the two methods are extremely sensitive to the small cycle jump at large sampling rate, and a combined phase difference method is proposed. It is proved by experiments that the method can detect cycle slips as small as one cycle, and the single frequency Doppler method is extended to triple frequency method, which increases the use of various observed values. The experimental results show that the B_Tcar method based on observation range can be used to calculate the three-frequency ambiguity of detecting. 3. The ambiguity of ultra wide roadway, wide lane and original frequency point can be fixed step by using B_Tcar method based on observation range. The experimental results show that the ambiguity of short baselines can be fixed at single epoch, and the ambiguity of ionospheric correlation weakens between stations can fluctuate for several weeks under the long baseline, and a formula for calculating TEC and ionospheric delay by using the three-frequency combination solution is derived. In order to correct the ionospheric delay under the long baseline, the fluctuation range can be reduced to 1 week after correction, and the wavelet denoising method is introduced to analyze the denoising effect of different wavelet basis functions when there is noise effect on the ambiguity at the original frequency point of the middle and long baseline. A method based on noise error minimization is proposed to calculate the ambiguity of medium long baseline. The formula of noise error minimization is derived. This method can effectively reduce the effect of noise on the fixed ambiguity of original frequency. In the end, the software of three-frequency data processing based on MATLAB GUI is developed, and the related principle is programmed to enhance the practicability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P228.4

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本文編號：1933385