發(fā)布時間：2018-05-22 15:37

  本文選題：電子海圖云服務(wù) + 海圖集合論　； 參考：《解放軍信息工程大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：電子海圖云服務(wù)是一種新興的技術(shù)應(yīng)用，旨在實現(xiàn)全球電子海圖大數(shù)據(jù)的高效管理，提供個性化、彈性化的高可用性服務(wù)，是一個較為復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程。本文在已有云平臺基礎(chǔ)上，立足大規(guī)模電子海圖網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)的特點，對電子海圖云服務(wù)的框架結(jié)構(gòu)、技術(shù)方法、數(shù)據(jù)模型、存儲策略、索引機制以及可視化方案等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)做了比較詳細的研究，主要工作及成果如下： 1．提出了電子海圖云服務(wù)的概念，確定了本文的研究核心。通過對當(dāng)前計算機技術(shù)發(fā)展特點的分析，指出地理信息軟件產(chǎn)品不再享受硬件提升所帶來的免費性能提升，GIS的設(shè)計需要一個新的思維模式；通過對電子海圖服務(wù)發(fā)展的背景分析，尤其是對國際電子海圖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的變化分析，指出一個新的海洋地理大數(shù)據(jù)時代即將來臨，電子海圖服務(wù)需要一個新的技術(shù)平臺；在對云服務(wù)相關(guān)概念深入研究的基礎(chǔ)上，對國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進行了詳細分析，指出了GIS在高性能計算領(lǐng)域的研究特點及存在的不足，明確了本文的研究目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容與方法。 2．創(chuàng)建了基于SC2012+L2H的MGCS模型架構(gòu)。在詳細比較當(dāng)前云服務(wù)平臺的基礎(chǔ)上，指出了SC2012+L2H技術(shù)平臺的優(yōu)勢，提煉出了電子海圖云服務(wù)技術(shù)支撐的兩個關(guān)鍵問題：框架構(gòu)建問題與應(yīng)用實現(xiàn)問題。創(chuàng)建了MGCS模型的云平臺架構(gòu)，分析了架構(gòu)中的硬件虛擬化與應(yīng)用虛擬化的核心技術(shù)以及服務(wù)模板管理與資源動態(tài)擴縮的關(guān)鍵機制；研究了云計算環(huán)境下的面向服務(wù)技術(shù)，著重分析了云服務(wù)中L2H的編程模式以及DSC存儲結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)據(jù)查詢、集合創(chuàng)建及相關(guān)算法接口。 3．設(shè)計了云環(huán)境下的海圖集合論數(shù)據(jù)模型。根據(jù)云計算環(huán)境的特征要求，通過對海圖要素概念與結(jié)構(gòu)的定義，實現(xiàn)各種復(fù)雜海洋地理現(xiàn)象的拆分與組合，設(shè)計了一種具有共性的要素結(jié)構(gòu)，用這種要素結(jié)構(gòu)的組合構(gòu)成海圖集合，以表達所有海圖內(nèi)容；通過對海圖集合元素屬性關(guān)系與空間關(guān)系的邏輯分析，提出了海圖集合論，指出海圖集合數(shù)據(jù)模型是基于笛卡爾積映射的屬性模型與點集拓撲映射的空間模型的有機結(jié)合。在此理論基礎(chǔ)上，對IHO S-57標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的組合要素與聚合要素進行重定義，確定了海圖屬性集合具有187種關(guān)系模式；分析了海圖空間集合的模式結(jié)構(gòu)，給出了點線面及幾何聚集的集合定義、約束以及操作算子的形式化表示方法，以適應(yīng)云計算環(huán)境中的數(shù)據(jù)處理。 4．提出了海圖集合的云存儲策略。實現(xiàn)全球電子海圖源數(shù)據(jù)文件集合到海圖要素集合的映射，形成云服務(wù)環(huán)境中海圖數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)集合；面向不同的海圖服務(wù)應(yīng)用，實現(xiàn)了屬性集合、空間集合、圖幅信息集合以及地理要素集合的存儲映射。重點研究了地理要素集合的數(shù)據(jù)劃分算法，提出了基于外切八面體投影的全球格網(wǎng)劃分方案與基于Hilbert變階編碼的集合劃分算法。在4.3.1實驗環(huán)境下，對7886幅全球電子海圖共17.8G數(shù)據(jù)進行了載入劃分實驗，載入耗時17.28分鐘，，劃分耗時9.81分鐘，并通過對比試驗，驗證了算法的有效性。 5．建立了云環(huán)境下的空間索引模型，包括索引空間的分解與索引規(guī)則的制定，利用層次Hilbert編碼關(guān)鍵字構(gòu)建了Cloud-B樹索引，結(jié)合云計算環(huán)境的特點建立了主索引與二級索引機制，研究了基于Cloud-B樹索引的多種空間查詢算法以及索引節(jié)點的插入刪除等基本算法，并通過實驗測試了不同索引規(guī)則參數(shù)對海圖地理要素集合查詢性能的影響，結(jié)果表明在4.5節(jié)的測試環(huán)境下，取最大單元數(shù)參數(shù)為16，首級網(wǎng)格單元數(shù)為32*32其余各級為64*64所建立的索引性能最高，不加比例尺控制的查詢平均耗時在5秒以內(nèi)。 6．提出了全球電子海圖的云可視化服務(wù)方案，將可視化服務(wù)分解為數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)與渲染服務(wù)的聚合，研究了多尺度海圖要素的自適應(yīng)選取算法，滿足了全球電子海圖多尺度顯示的要求；提出了海圖要素可視化集合的映射機制，實現(xiàn)了海圖數(shù)據(jù)與海圖符號的分離、可視化參數(shù)與具體用戶的綁定，使得云計算環(huán)境下能夠根據(jù)不同用戶參數(shù)可視化同一海圖集合；設(shè)計了基于可視化目錄與圖片疊加機制的符號并行渲染方案，保證了實時可視化對性能的要求；設(shè)計了客戶端的并行訪問實驗，結(jié)果表明服務(wù)響應(yīng)時間基本保持在1秒以內(nèi)，驗證了海圖云可視化服務(wù)方案的可行性，形成了一個完整的云+端服務(wù)平臺。 7．研究了云計算環(huán)境下電子海圖網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)的部署方法，包括電子海圖私有云的創(chuàng)建、相關(guān)服務(wù)算法的模板化封裝、電子海圖云服務(wù)的硬件監(jiān)控與服務(wù)監(jiān)控，以及資源節(jié)點動態(tài)擴縮對數(shù)據(jù)集合存儲影響的實驗分析，并對海圖集合數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)的個性化與云可視化服務(wù)在B/S、C/S等系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用做了簡要介紹。
[Abstract]:The electronic sea chart cloud service is a new technology application. It aims at realizing the efficient management of the large data of the global electronic chart, providing the personalized and flexible high availability service. It is a more complex system engineering. Based on the existing cloud platform, this paper is based on the characteristics of the large-scale network service of the electric subchart, and it serves the electronic sea chart cloud service. The key technologies, such as frame structure, technical method, data model, storage strategy, index mechanism and visualization scheme, are studied in detail. The main work and results are as follows:
1. the concept of the electronic chart cloud service is put forward, and the core of this paper is determined. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the current computer technology development, it is pointed out that the geographic information software products no longer enjoy the free performance promotion brought by the hardware promotion. The design of GIS needs a new mode of thinking and the background of the development of electronic chart service. The analysis, especially the change analysis of the international electronic chart standard, points out that a new era of marine geographic data is coming, and the electronic chart service needs a new technical platform. Based on the in-depth study of the concept of cloud services, the current research status at home and abroad is analyzed in detail, and GIS is pointed out in the high performance calculation collar. The research characteristics and shortcomings of the domain have made clear the objectives, contents and methods of this study.
2. the MGCS model architecture based on SC2012+L2H is created. On the basis of the detailed comparison of the current cloud service platform, the advantages of the SC2012+L2H technology platform are pointed out, and two key problems of the electronic sea chart cloud service technology support are extracted. The framework construction and application implementation problem. A cloud platform architecture of the MGCS model is built and the framework is analyzed. The key technology of hardware virtualization and application virtualization and the key mechanism of service template management and resource dynamic expansion are discussed, and the service oriented technology in cloud computing environment is studied. The programming mode of L2H in cloud service, data query of DSC storage structure, set creation and related algorithm interface are emphatically analyzed.
3. design the data model of the set theory of sea chart under the cloud environment. According to the characteristics of the cloud computing environment, through the definition of the concept and structure of the chart elements, the resolution and combination of various complex marine geographical phenomena are realized, and a kind of common element structure is designed. By the logical analysis of the attribute relation and spatial relation of the set elements of the sea chart, a set theory of chart is proposed. It is pointed out that the set data model of the chart is an organic combination of the attribute model of the Cartesian product mapping and the spatial model of the topological mapping of the point set. On the basis of this theory, the composition elements of the IHO S-57 standard are combined with the theory. The aggregation elements are redefined, and the set of chart attribute sets has 187 relational patterns, and the pattern structure of the chart space set is analyzed. The set definition of point line surface and geometric aggregation, constraints and the formal representation of operation operators are given in order to adapt to the data processing in the cloud computing environment.
4. a cloud storage strategy for the collection of sea charts is proposed. The mapping of the global electronic chart source data files to the set of chart elements is realized to form the base set of the data of the cloud service environment, and the storage of the attributes set, space set, the set of map information and the collection of geographic elements is implemented for different sea chart service applications. This paper focuses on the data partitioning algorithm of geographic elements set, and proposes a global grid partition scheme based on external tangent eight face projection and a set partition algorithm based on Hilbert variable order coding. Under the 4.3.1 experimental environment, the total 17.8G data of 7886 global electronic charts are loaded and divided by 17.28 minutes. The validity of the algorithm is verified by a comparison experiment of 9.81 minutes.
5. the spatial index model in the cloud environment is established, including the decomposition of index space and the formulation of index rules. The Cloud-B tree index is constructed by using the hierarchical Hilbert coding key, and the main index and two level index mechanism are established in the light of the characteristics of the cloud computing environment, and a variety of spatial query algorithms and indexes based on the Cloud-B tree index are studied. In the 4.5 section of the test environment, the maximum unit number parameter is 16, the number of the first level grid unit number is 32*32 and the other levels are 64*64, and the index performance is the highest and the scale is no scale. The control query takes an average of less than 5 seconds.
6. a cloud visualization service scheme for the global electronic chart is proposed, which decomposes the visual service into the aggregation of data services and rendering services. The adaptive selection algorithm for multi-scale sea chart elements is studied, which satisfies the requirements of the multiscale display of the global electronic chart. The mapping mechanism of the visual collection of the sea diagram is proposed and the chart is realized. The separation of data from chart symbols and the binding of visual parameters to specific users makes it possible to visualize the same chart set according to different user parameters in the cloud computing environment. A symbolic parallel rendering scheme based on the superposition mechanism of visual catalogues and pictures is designed to ensure the performance requirements of real-time visualization, and the client is designed. The result of the parallel access experiment shows that the service response time is kept within 1 second, and the feasibility of the chart cloud visualization service scheme is verified, and a complete cloud + end service platform is formed.
7. research on the deployment of electronic sea chart network services under the cloud computing environment, including the creation of the private cloud of the electronic chart, the template encapsulation of the related service algorithms, the hardware monitoring and service monitoring of the electronic chart cloud services, and the experimental analysis of the dynamic expansion of the resource nodes to the data collection storage, and the collection of data clothes on the chart. Service personalization and cloud visualization services are briefly introduced in B/S, C/S and other systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：解放軍信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;U675.81

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