本文選題：GOCE + 地球重力場(chǎng)模型　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：地球重力場(chǎng)一直都是大地測(cè)量學(xué)中的研究核心之一。近年來(lái),隨著CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload)、GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)和GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer)衛(wèi)星的相繼發(fā)射及數(shù)據(jù)免費(fèi)釋放,基于低軌衛(wèi)星重力測(cè)量的研究成為了大地測(cè)量學(xué)中的研究熱點(diǎn)。GOCE衛(wèi)星是首顆采用SST-HL (Satellite-to-Satellite Tracking in High-Low mode)技術(shù)和SGG(Satellite Gravity Gradiometry)技術(shù)的低軌重力衛(wèi)星,其搭載的GPS (Global Position System)接收機(jī)可采集SST-HL數(shù)據(jù),靜電重力梯度儀可采集GG (Gravity Gradient)數(shù)據(jù)。SST-HL數(shù)據(jù)可恢復(fù)地球重力場(chǎng)的中長(zhǎng)波信息,GG數(shù)據(jù)可恢復(fù)地球重力場(chǎng)的中短波信息。因此,聯(lián)合SST-HL和GG數(shù)據(jù)可恢復(fù)高精度的靜態(tài)地球重力場(chǎng)模型。本文主要內(nèi)容是研究利用GOCE衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)靜態(tài)地球重力場(chǎng)模型。在前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,導(dǎo)出了一種聯(lián)合GOCE軌道數(shù)據(jù)和重力梯度數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)域解法,并獨(dú)立研制了一款基于GOCE衛(wèi)星反演地球重力場(chǎng)模型的軟件系統(tǒng)。提出顧及地球重力場(chǎng)模型道路工程勘測(cè)的3種實(shí)施方案,并且將利用GOCE數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)的重力場(chǎng)模型應(yīng)用到道路工程勘測(cè)的模擬試算中。本文的主要內(nèi)容及貢獻(xiàn)如下：1.給出了GOCE衛(wèi)星重力測(cè)量涉及到坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)的定義及其詳細(xì)轉(zhuǎn)換公式。比較了勒讓德系列函數(shù)的遞推計(jì)算公式,優(yōu)化了勒讓德積分函數(shù)的遞推計(jì)算,采用向后遞推法解決積分計(jì)算在極區(qū)不穩(wěn)定的現(xiàn)象。為了避免重力梯度分量在極區(qū)出現(xiàn)奇異,推導(dǎo)了廣義勒讓德函數(shù)PS1和PS2的遞推計(jì)算公式。推導(dǎo)了地固系下模擬引力梯度數(shù)據(jù)的詳細(xì)公式�；贕OCE衛(wèi)星軌道、行星星歷文件DE405和海潮模型FES2004等計(jì)算出日月引力、固體潮、海潮和極潮等攝動(dòng)力。引入了具有高度優(yōu)化和并行性能的Intel MKL函數(shù)庫(kù)。2.對(duì)GOCE衛(wèi)星PKI軌道數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了預(yù)處理,利用能量守恒法、短弧長(zhǎng)積分法和平均加速度法反演出3個(gè)模型,并比較了3種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。對(duì)GOCE軌道數(shù)據(jù)反演能力的研究表明,GOCE軌道數(shù)據(jù)的最大恢復(fù)能力大約在120階次左右。提出利用GOCE衛(wèi)星軌道數(shù)據(jù)探測(cè)地球重力場(chǎng)的時(shí)變信息,并且對(duì)扇形濾波進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)。分析了GOCE重力場(chǎng)模型球諧位系數(shù)殘差之間的相關(guān)性,并與GRACE RL05模型球諧位系數(shù)殘差的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行了比較。利用近1年的GOCE軌道數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算出南極冰蓋質(zhì)量的變化情況,探測(cè)到南極某點(diǎn)(-75°,250°)處的質(zhì)量變化約為-11.30cm/a,并用GRACE RL05重力場(chǎng)模型驗(yàn)證了探測(cè)結(jié)果的正確性。3.對(duì)GOCE衛(wèi)星重力梯度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了預(yù)處理,基于重力梯度的測(cè)量原理和誤差特性設(shè)計(jì)出3種重力梯度數(shù)據(jù)的濾波方法,并對(duì)3種濾波方法的濾波效果進(jìn)行比較,選取其中一種效果最好的方法作為重力梯度數(shù)據(jù)的固定濾波方法。分別利用空域法和時(shí)域法基于重力梯度數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)了重力場(chǎng)模型。為解決因GOCE衛(wèi)星兩極空白而帶來(lái)的病態(tài)問(wèn)題,采用了正則化處理,并比較了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)正則化和球冠正則化。結(jié)果顯示,球冠正則化效果更好。推導(dǎo)出了用于球冠正則化法積分計(jì)算的4類三角函數(shù)的原函數(shù)。導(dǎo)出了一種聯(lián)合GOCE軌道數(shù)據(jù)和重力梯度數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)重力場(chǎng)模型的時(shí)域解法。利用近1年的GOCE衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)反演出一個(gè)200階次的靜態(tài)重力場(chǎng)模型SWJTU-GO2013,該模型的空間分辨率約為100km(半波長(zhǎng)),大地水準(zhǔn)面誤差約為±20.32cm,與ICGEM公布的GOCE衛(wèi)星第3代時(shí)域法模型進(jìn)行比較,具有同等級(jí)的精度。4.針對(duì)GOCE衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),編寫了一款恢復(fù)重力場(chǎng)模型的軟件系統(tǒng)SWJTU-GOCE,編寫該軟件系統(tǒng)主要使用了C#語(yǔ)言和Fortran語(yǔ)言。為使耗時(shí)巨大的重力場(chǎng)恢復(fù)計(jì)算在一般的PC電腦上也能開(kāi)展,在Fortran代碼中調(diào)用了具有高度優(yōu)化和并行特性的Intel MKL函數(shù)。在可視化方面,軟件可自動(dòng)生成Matlab或GMT等軟件的腳本程序,運(yùn)行腳本程序即可得到可視化結(jié)果。軟件模塊涵蓋了從數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理到精度評(píng)定全部流程。5.詳細(xì)分析了目前道路工程勘測(cè)所存在的問(wèn)題：GPS系統(tǒng)的參考基準(zhǔn)為法線,全站儀系統(tǒng)的參考基準(zhǔn)為垂線,兩者混合使用時(shí)存在明顯的系統(tǒng)誤差。分別基于勘測(cè)單位和設(shè)計(jì)單位的角度,在理論上提出顧及地球重力場(chǎng)模型的3種道路工程勘測(cè)方案。推導(dǎo)出利用GPS平面坐標(biāo)恢復(fù)道路工程漸變坐標(biāo)系的一整套公式和精度評(píng)定公式。最后,將利用GOCE數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)的模型SWJTU-GO2013應(yīng)用到試驗(yàn)計(jì)算中,并用EGM2008的計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:The earth gravity field has always been one of the core of Geodetic Research. In recent years, with the CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload), GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) and GOCE (Gravity) satellites are released and free of free data, based on low rail. .GOCE satellite is the first low rail gravity satellite using SST-HL (Satellite-to-Satellite Tracking in High-Low mode) technology and SGG (Satellite Gravity Gradiometry) technology. The gravity gradiometer can collect the GG (Gravity Gradient) data.SST-HL data to restore the medium and long wave information of the earth's gravity field, and the GG data can restore the medium and short wave information of the earth's gravity field. Therefore, the combined SST-HL and GG data can restore the high precision static earth gravity field model. The main content of this paper is to study the recovery of the GOCE satellite observation data. The static earth gravity field model. On the basis of the previous research results, a time-domain method of solving the combined GOCE orbit data and gravity gradient data is derived, and a software system based on the GOCE satellite inversion of the earth gravity field model is independently developed. 3 implementation schemes which take account of the earth gravity field model road engineering survey are proposed and will be put forward. The gravity field model recovered by GOCE data is applied to the simulated trial calculation of road engineering. The main contents and contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. the definition of GOCE satellite gravity measurement and its detailed conversion formula are given. The recurrence calculation formula of Legendre series function is compared, and the Legendre integral function is optimized. In order to avoid the singularity of the gravity gradient component in the polar region, the recurrence calculation formula of the generalized Legendre function PS1 and PS2 is derived. The detailed common formula of the simulated gravitational gradient data in the earth solid system is derived. Based on the GOCE satellite orbit, the ephemeris file DE40 is derived. 5 and the sea tide model FES2004 etc. calculate the perturbation of the sun and moon gravity, the solid tide, the sea tide and the extreme tide. The Intel MKL function library.2. with high optimization and parallel performance is introduced to the GOCE satellite PKI orbit data, and the energy conservation method, the short arc length integral method and the average acceleration method are used to counter the 3 models, and 3 kinds of formulas are compared. The research on the inversion ability of GOCE track data shows that the maximum recovery ability of the GOCE orbit data is about 120 order. The time variation information of the earth gravity field is detected by using GOCE satellite orbit data, and the fan filter is improved. The correlation between the residual difference of the spherical harmonic position coefficient of the GOCE heavy force field model is analyzed. The correlation between the spherical harmonic position coefficient residuals of the GRACE RL05 model is compared with that of the GRACE RL05 model. The changes in the mass of the Antarctic ice cover are calculated by using the GOCE orbital data of nearly 1 years. The mass change at a point (-75, 250) is about -11.30cm/a, and the correctness of the detection results is verified by the GRACE RL05 gravity field model,.3. to the GOCE satellite The gravity gradient data is pretreated. Based on the measurement principle and error characteristics of gravity gradient, the filtering methods of 3 gravity gradient data are designed, and the filtering effects of the 3 filtering methods are compared. One of the best effective methods is selected as the fixed filtering method of gravity gradient data. The gravity field model is restored based on the gravity gradient data. In order to solve the ill conditioned problem caused by the gap between the two poles of the GOCE satellite, the regularization treatment is adopted and the standard regularization and the canonical regularization are compared. The results show that the regularization effect of the spherical crown is better. The original function of the 4 kinds of trigonometric functions for the integral calculation of the spherical crown regularization method is derived. A time domain solution of a combined GOCE orbit data and gravity gradient data restoration gravity field model is derived. A 200 order static gravity field model SWJTU-GO2013 with a spatial resolution of about 100km (half wavelength), the geooid error is about + 20.32cm, and the ICGEM is published with ICGEM. The GOCE satellite third generation time domain method is compared, with the same class of precision.4. for GOCE satellite observation data, a software system SWJTU-GOCE for restoring gravity field model is written. The software system mainly uses the C# language and the Fortran language. In order to make the time-consuming gravity field recovery calculation on the ordinary PC computer, it can also be used. In the Fortran code, the Intel MKL function with high optimization and parallel characteristics is called. In visualization, the software can automatically generate scripts of Matlab or GMT software, and the script program can get visual results. The software module covers the detailed analysis of the whole process from data preprocessing to precision evaluation.5.. The problems existed in the survey of the former Road Engineering: the reference datum of the GPS system is the normal line, the reference datum of the total station system is perpendicular to the vertical line. There are obvious systematic errors in the mixed use of the two. Based on the angle of the survey unit and the design unit, 3 road engineering exploration schemes which take account of the earth reforce field model are proposed in theory. A complete set of formula and accuracy evaluation formula for the restoration of road engineering gradient coordinate system using GPS plane coordinates. Finally, the model SWJTU-GO2013 using the GOCE data recovery is applied to the test calculation, and the results of the EGM2008 calculation are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P223.0

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