本文選題：衛(wèi)星測高 + 反演�。� 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：海洋重力的精確求定是海洋大地測量的重要課題之一。近年來,海洋重力的應(yīng)用范圍越來越廣泛,可以利用高精度海洋重力數(shù)據(jù)精化地球重力場模型,反演地球內(nèi)部物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),尋找礦藏和了解地質(zhì)構(gòu)造,還可以為水下潛器等平臺的安全航行提供信息支撐。隨著測量理論與技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)的船載海洋重力探測已很難滿足全球海域快速測繪的要求,廣闊的海洋里實測重力數(shù)據(jù)很少,尤其是幾大洋的深水區(qū)域,重力測量多數(shù)地區(qū)仍是空白。上世紀(jì)70年代,衛(wèi)星測高技術(shù)應(yīng)運而生,它具有觀測精度高、數(shù)據(jù)周期短以及覆蓋面廣等一系列地面技術(shù)無法比擬的特點,與GPS—樣在海洋測繪領(lǐng)域引起了一場深刻的變革。論文立足于如何利用衛(wèi)星測高技術(shù)反演海洋重力,解決我國船載海洋重力測量不足,并進(jìn)一步探討海洋重力異常在水下潛器導(dǎo)航定位中的具體應(yīng)用。論文研究內(nèi)容及成果由以下部分構(gòu)成:從應(yīng)用實際出發(fā),論述了衛(wèi)星測高的基本數(shù)學(xué)模型以及衛(wèi)星測高數(shù)據(jù)處理中的誤差問題,并對衛(wèi)星測高數(shù)據(jù)處理中網(wǎng)格化問題進(jìn)行了深入的探討,提出了頻域內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)格化的方法,數(shù)值計算表明:利用頻域中無混淆的核函數(shù),求網(wǎng)格化的數(shù)據(jù)可濾掉Nyquist頻限外的高頻信號,避免混淆和位置偏移,并能提高運算速度。研究了基于衛(wèi)星測高數(shù)據(jù)計算海域垂線偏差的方法,并聯(lián)合GeosatGM、ERS-1、T/P、T/P新軌道、ERS-2和GFO等多代測高衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建了中國近海及鄰近海域(0°～45°N,100°～150°E)分辨率為2,×2'網(wǎng)格的子午圈垂線偏差和卯酉圈垂線偏差模型。與國際公認(rèn)精度較好的CLS-SHOW99垂線偏差模型比較,在子午圈分量上的均方差(RMS)為0.78 ”,在卯酉圈分量上的RMS為1.25”。數(shù)值計算表明:本文建立的垂線偏差模型基本達(dá)到了CLS-SHOW99垂線偏差模型的精度。研究了基于衛(wèi)星測高數(shù)據(jù)反演重力異常的三種基本方法,即Stokes數(shù)值反解公式、Stokes解析反解公式和逆Vening-Meinesz公式。以基于衛(wèi)星測高數(shù)據(jù)反演計算的中國近海及鄰近海域垂線偏差數(shù)值模型為基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),用逆Vening-Meinesz公式計算了中國近海及鄰近海域(0°～45°N, 100°～150°E) 2'×2'網(wǎng)格分辨率的重力異常數(shù)值模型。與船測重力異常比較,本文建立的中國近海重力異常數(shù)值模型的RMS為3.92mGal。針對水下運動目標(biāo)匹配導(dǎo)航區(qū)(亦即重力適配區(qū))的選擇問題,利用上述衛(wèi)星反演的重力異常數(shù)據(jù),根據(jù)局部重力場標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差、局部重力場相關(guān)系數(shù)、局部重力場坡度等3個指標(biāo),對我國部分海區(qū)匹配導(dǎo)航區(qū)進(jìn)行了選擇。
[Abstract]:The accurate determination of marine gravity is one of the important topics in marine geodesy. In recent years, the application of marine gravity has become more and more extensive. It is possible to refine the gravity field model of the earth by using high-precision marine gravity data, to retrieve the material structure of the earth's interior, to search for mineral deposits and to understand geological structures. It can also provide information support for safe navigation of underwater vehicle and other platforms. With the development of surveying theory and technology, the traditional marine gravity survey is difficult to meet the requirement of rapid surveying and mapping of the global sea area. There are few measured gravity data in the vast ocean, especially in the deep water area of several oceans. Most areas of gravity measurements remain blank. In the 1970s, satellite altimetry came into being, which has the characteristics of high observation precision, short data cycle and wide coverage, which is incomparable to a series of ground-based technologies. It has caused a profound change with GPS-sample in the field of marine mapping. This paper is based on how to use satellite altimetry to inverse marine gravity, solve the shortage of marine gravity measurement in China, and further discuss the application of marine gravity anomaly in underwater submersible navigation and positioning. The research contents and results are composed of the following parts: the basic mathematical model of satellite altimetry and the error problem in the processing of satellite altimetry data are discussed from the practical application. The gridding problem of satellite altimetry data processing is discussed deeply, and the method of data gridding in frequency domain is proposed. The numerical calculation shows that the kernel function in frequency domain is not confused. The gridding data can filter out the high frequency signals outside the Nyquist frequency limit, avoid confusion and position offset, and improve the operation speed. The method of calculating the vertical deviation of sea area based on satellite altimetry data is studied. Combined with Geosat GMN ERS-1 / T / P new orbit ERS-2 and GFO, the model of meridional vertical line deviation and Mao unitary vertical line deviation with a resolution of 2, 脳 2 'grid is constructed for 0 擄~ 45 擄N ~ (1) ~ (100 擄) ~ (150 擄) E) in offshore and adjacent waters of China. Compared with the internationally accepted vertical-line deviation model with good accuracy, the mean square error (RMS) of meridional cycle component is 0.78 ", and the RMS of Mao unitary cycle component is 1.25". The numerical results show that the vertical deviation model established in this paper basically achieves the accuracy of the CLS-SHOW99 vertical deviation model. Three basic methods for inversion of gravity anomalies based on satellite altimetry data are studied, that is, Stokes numerical inverse solution formula and inverse Vening-Meinesz formula. Based on the numerical model of vertical line deviation in offshore and adjacent waters of China based on the inversion of satellite altimetry data, the gravity anomaly numerical model with 0 擄~ 45 擄N, 100 擄~ 150 擄E) 2'脳 2'grid resolution is calculated by using inverse Vening-Meinesz formula. Compared with the ship gravity anomaly, the RMS of the numerical model of China offshore gravity anomaly established in this paper is 3.92mGal3.92mGal3.92mGal3.92mGal3.92m. Aiming at the problem of selecting the matching navigation area (i.e. gravity matching area) of underwater moving target, using the gravity anomaly data retrieved by the above mentioned satellite, according to the standard deviation of local gravity field and the correlation coefficient of local gravity field, Three indexes such as local gravimetric field slope are used to select the matching navigation area in some sea areas of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P228.3;P223.39

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