本文選題：實(shí)時(shí)渲染 + 八叉樹　； 參考：《天津師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：三維點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的交互式處理通常依賴點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)三維實(shí)時(shí)渲染。隨著三維激光掃描技術(shù)的深入應(yīng)用,越來(lái)越多的三維點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)被獲取和積累下來(lái)。隨著點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)量的不斷增大,大規(guī)模三維激光掃描點(diǎn)云的實(shí)時(shí)渲染已經(jīng)成為點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)處理的瓶頸問(wèn)題。本文提出一種支持大規(guī)模點(diǎn)云實(shí)時(shí)渲染的技術(shù)方法,主要成果如下:根據(jù)用RTK測(cè)得的掃描站點(diǎn)和靶標(biāo)的真實(shí)地理坐標(biāo)與其對(duì)應(yīng)的在激光掃描儀獨(dú)立坐標(biāo)系下的相對(duì)坐標(biāo),使用坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換矩陣經(jīng)旋轉(zhuǎn)和平移將點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)全部統(tǒng)一到真實(shí)地理坐標(biāo)系中,然后通過(guò)配準(zhǔn)完成多站地面三維激光掃描點(diǎn)云的融合。研究了點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)特征,采用"分之而治"的思想,使用C++語(yǔ)言實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)大規(guī)模點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的分塊,每個(gè)分塊包含一定數(shù)量的掃描點(diǎn),可直接讀入內(nèi)存進(jìn)行處理。對(duì)于每個(gè)點(diǎn)云分塊,構(gòu)建kd tree,使用PCL濾波以最近鄰點(diǎn)數(shù)為閾值濾除點(diǎn)云中的孤立點(diǎn)。遍歷經(jīng)過(guò)去噪的點(diǎn)云分塊,統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)區(qū)覆蓋的空間范圍。在外存儲(chǔ)器上建立不同細(xì)節(jié)層次的八叉樹索引結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)海量點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行有效的組織。通過(guò)與商業(yè)軟件的對(duì)比渲染實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了本文方法的可行性。最終的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,本文提出的方法支持對(duì)超過(guò)內(nèi)存容量的三維點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)渲染。該方法有望用于大規(guī)模三維激光掃描點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的可視化和交互式處理。
[Abstract]:The interactive processing of 3 D point cloud data usually depends on 3 D real time rendering of point cloud data. With the further application of 3D laser scanning technology, more and more 3D point cloud data have been acquired and accumulated. With the increasing of point cloud data, the real-time rendering of large scale 3D laser scanning point cloud has become the bottleneck of point cloud data processing. This paper presents a technical method to support large-scale point cloud real-time rendering. The main results are as follows: according to the real geographical coordinates of scanning stations and targets measured by RTK and their corresponding relative coordinates in the independent coordinate system of laser scanner, The point cloud data are all unified into the real geographical coordinate system by rotation and translation of coordinate transformation matrix, and then the fusion of multi-station 3D laser scanning point cloud is completed by registration. In this paper, the data characteristics of point cloud data are studied, and the idea of "point and rule" is adopted, and the block of large scale point cloud data is realized by C language. Each block contains a certain number of scanning points, which can be read directly into memory for processing. For each point cloud block, kd tree is constructed, and PCL filter is used to filter the outliers in the point cloud with the nearest neighbor points as the threshold. Traversing the de-noised point cloud into blocks, statistics the coverage of the spatial range of the area. The octree index structure with different detail levels is built on the external memory to organize the massive point cloud data effectively. The feasibility of this method is verified by comparison with commercial software. The experimental results show that the proposed method can render 3D point cloud data over memory capacity in real time. This method is expected to be applied to the visualization and interactive processing of large-scale 3D laser scanning point cloud data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P225.2

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