本文選題：立體視頻 + 視頻GIS　； 參考：《北京建筑大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：在"大數(shù)據(jù)"時(shí)代背景下,地理信息的應(yīng)用發(fā)展正在走向"信息高速路"。隨著GIS應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的不斷擴(kuò)充和細(xì)分,GIS的應(yīng)用模式也在不斷的改變。近些年,"視頻+GIS"的應(yīng)用模式成為一種新的應(yīng)用趨勢,不論是在城市管理方向、安防監(jiān)控方向、交通監(jiān)測方向及其他道路方面業(yè)務(wù)等領(lǐng)域,逐漸青睞于對這種應(yīng)用模式的探索研究。通過視頻采集影像與空間數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行融合,在原有"數(shù)字化"的基礎(chǔ)上,讓數(shù)據(jù)"可視化",使數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容更加立體、應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)更加豐富。本文將在視頻GIS的基礎(chǔ)上,引入當(dāng)下流行的"立體視頻"概念,并在"立體視頻+GIS"背景下,就數(shù)據(jù)采集處理與集成、數(shù)據(jù)組織及實(shí)施方案、數(shù)據(jù)描述與檢索方法和數(shù)據(jù)信息冗余優(yōu)化方法等方面進(jìn)行了研究與實(shí)現(xiàn),具體工作內(nèi)容如下:1.地理立體視頻數(shù)據(jù)的采集處理與集成首先,闡述立體視覺理論,包括:立體成像原理、視差理論及視差估計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)采集處理過程中涉及的三種坐標(biāo)系(世界坐標(biāo)系、攝像機(jī)坐標(biāo)系、圖像坐標(biāo)系)及三種坐標(biāo)系間的關(guān)系,為后續(xù)數(shù)據(jù)采集及處理工作作好理論鋪墊;其次,設(shè)計(jì)移動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)采集平臺,在同時(shí)采集影像視頻數(shù)據(jù)、空間數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集、處理、存儲同步進(jìn)行;最后,就數(shù)據(jù)處理方法和流程進(jìn)行介紹,完成數(shù)據(jù)模型建立的準(zhǔn)備工作。2.地理立體視頻數(shù)據(jù)概念模型、邏輯模型的建立通過對地理立體視頻數(shù)據(jù)的分析,建立數(shù)據(jù)模型約束條件(時(shí)空耦合性、擴(kuò)充性、符合MPEG-7標(biāo)準(zhǔn)),基于約束條件,分別對包含的多種數(shù)據(jù)類型(視頻數(shù)據(jù)、空間數(shù)據(jù)、線性參考、屬性數(shù)據(jù)、元數(shù)據(jù)、語義等)分別建立子數(shù)據(jù)模型,最后通過描述各自子模型間的關(guān)聯(lián)性,最終確定完整的地理立體視頻概念數(shù)據(jù)模型。在概念數(shù)據(jù)模型基礎(chǔ)上,從邏輯角度出發(fā),精簡出在本實(shí)驗(yàn)中較為重要的14個(gè)元素,對其分別設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)存儲表,討論數(shù)據(jù)組織與數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)問題,為實(shí)現(xiàn)視頻對象的數(shù)據(jù)檢索提供依據(jù)。3.地理立體視頻數(shù)據(jù)描述與檢索首先提出需要解決數(shù)據(jù)模型進(jìn)行語義描述的問題,并引入"MPEG-7多媒體內(nèi)容描述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口"的概念,對MPEG-7描述框架、內(nèi)容描述工具作簡單介紹,并基于Object DS、EventDS、SemanticPlaceDS和SemanticTimeDS等工具對數(shù)據(jù)語義進(jìn)行描述,并在后續(xù)根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型的不同,分別采用基于語義關(guān)系、線性關(guān)系和空間拓?fù)潢P(guān)系三種不同的檢索方法實(shí)現(xiàn)視頻數(shù)據(jù)的檢索。4.地理立體視頻數(shù)據(jù)信息冗余及編碼方法從地理立體視頻數(shù)據(jù)在處理數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)傳輸處理中的數(shù)據(jù)冗余對網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸和通信信道造成的壓力入手,提出了對地理立體視頻數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)編碼的假設(shè),結(jié)合目前主流的H.264編碼框架,實(shí)現(xiàn)基于對象的地理立體視頻編碼,為實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)傳輸處理提供服務(wù)。
[Abstract]:Under the background of big data, the application and development of geographical information is heading for the information highway. Along with the continuous expansion of GIS application field and the application mode of subdivision GIS is changing constantly. In recent years, the application mode of "Video GIS" has become a new application trend, whether in the direction of urban management, the direction of security monitoring, the direction of traffic monitoring and other areas of road business, etc. Gradually favor the application of this mode of exploration and research. Through the fusion of video capture image and spatial data, on the basis of the original "digitization", the data can be "visualized", so that the data content will be more three-dimensional and the application experience will be more abundant. On the basis of video GIS, this paper introduces the concept of "stereo video", and under the background of "stereoscopic video GIS", the data acquisition, processing, data organization and implementation scheme are discussed. The methods of data description and retrieval and redundancy optimization of data information are studied and implemented. The detailed work is as follows: 1. Firstly, the theory of stereoscopic vision, including stereo imaging principle, parallax theory and parallax estimation, three kinds of coordinate systems (world coordinate system) involved in data acquisition and processing are expounded. The relations between camera coordinate system, image coordinate system) and three coordinate systems lay a good foundation for the subsequent data acquisition and processing. Secondly, the mobile data acquisition platform is designed to collect video data at the same time. On the basis of spatial data, data acquisition, processing and storage are carried out synchronously. Finally, the method and flow of data processing are introduced to complete the preparation of data model. 2. The concept Model of Geography Stereo Video data, the logical model is built through the analysis of the geographic stereo video data, the constraint conditions of the data model (spatiotemporal coupling, extensibility, accord with the MPEG-7 standard, based on the constraint condition) are established. Subdata models are established for various data types (video data, spatial data, linear reference, attribute data, metadata, semantics, etc.). Finally, the complete geographic stereo video conceptual data model is determined. On the basis of conceptual data model, 14 important elements in this experiment are simplified from the point of view of logic, and the data storage tables are designed respectively, and the problems of data organization and data structure are discussed. Provide basis for data retrieval of video object. 3. 3. Firstly, the problem of semantic description of data model is proposed, and the concept of "MPEG-7 multimedia content description standard interface" is introduced. The MPEG-7 description framework and content description tools are briefly introduced. The data semantics is described based on the tools of Object DSV event DS and SemanticTimeDS. According to the different data types, three different retrieval methods based on semantic relation, linear relation and spatial topological relation are used to realize the retrieval of video data. The redundancy and coding method of Geography Stereo Video data start with the pressure on network transmission and communication channel caused by data redundancy of geographic stereo video data in processing data real-time transmission processing. The assumption of data coding for geographic stereo video data is put forward. Combining with the current mainstream H.264 coding framework, the object based geographic stereo video coding is realized, which provides a service for real-time data transmission and processing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P208;P209

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