本文選題：GPS + MSP430單片機(jī)��； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是一個(gè)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻發(fā)的國家，尤其是滑坡、泥石流的頻繁發(fā)生對人民群眾的人身安全造成了巨大的傷害以及給國民經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了巨大的損失。當(dāng)前，在沒有足夠的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力以及技術(shù)力量大范圍地對具有潛在危險(xiǎn)性的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害進(jìn)行全面治理的情況下，，對其進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測是一條有效地途徑。 隨著GPS定位技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，GPS技術(shù)在變形監(jiān)測中占據(jù)了舉足輕重的地位，但常規(guī)GPS變形監(jiān)測技術(shù)存在很大的局限性，外業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)采集和內(nèi)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)處理不能實(shí)時(shí)、連續(xù)地進(jìn)行。為此，本文以GPS數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)采集、傳輸、解算及形變分析和預(yù)警為研究主線，以開發(fā)一個(gè)GPS實(shí)時(shí)變形監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)為研究目標(biāo)，對GPS實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測中的傳感器的集成、數(shù)據(jù)的采集與傳輸、GPS數(shù)據(jù)解碼、GPS單歷元算法、信號濾波、數(shù)據(jù)庫管理等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入的研究。本文具體的研究內(nèi)容和成果有以下幾點(diǎn)： （1）本文在深入研究單片機(jī)自動(dòng)化控制技術(shù)后提出了基于MSP430單片機(jī)的GPS接收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)方案。該方案以MSP430單片機(jī)為核心，結(jié)合GPS OEM接收板卡、GPRSDTU、液晶顯示屏、鍵盤等硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)了GPS測量接收機(jī)的研發(fā)。本文設(shè)計(jì)的GPS接收機(jī)能完成數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)采集并將數(shù)據(jù)通過GPRS模塊實(shí)時(shí)傳輸?shù)綌?shù)據(jù)處理中心，該接收機(jī)擁有屏幕顯示、按鍵操作等功能供用戶對其進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)置或查詢。 （2）本文研究了GPS接收機(jī)和計(jì)算機(jī)的通訊技術(shù)與方法，開發(fā)了基于LabVIEW的GPS數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)采集子系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了GPS數(shù)據(jù)的有線、無線兩種方式的傳輸。針對有線傳輸?shù)木窒扌�，本文主要采用GPRS無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方案，可實(shí)現(xiàn)多站點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)同步采集。 （3）本文研究了GPS原始數(shù)據(jù)的解碼技術(shù)，針對Ashtech廠家的接收機(jī)，開發(fā)了基于LabVIEW的實(shí)時(shí)解碼程序，能正確的將該接收機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)流解碼到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的RINEX格式。 （4）本文在研究單歷元算法以及GPS動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)后處理算法的基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)了基于LabVIEW的數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析子系統(tǒng)，能實(shí)時(shí)對基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)和監(jiān)測點(diǎn)的基線進(jìn)行解算，并對結(jié)果進(jìn)行濾波處理，分析其形變大小，對大于形變閾值的監(jiān)測點(diǎn)做出預(yù)警。 （5）本文利用NI公司的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接工具包DCT（Database Connectivity Toolkit）構(gòu)建了基于SQL Server的大型數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的查詢和管理。
[Abstract]:China is a country with frequent geological disasters, especially landslides. The frequent occurrence of debris flow has caused great harm to the people's personal safety and brought huge losses to the national economy.At present, it is an effective way to monitor geological hazards in real time without sufficient economic strength and technical power to comprehensively control the potentially dangerous geological hazards.With the rapid development of GPS positioning technology, GPS technology plays an important role in deformation monitoring, but the conventional GPS deformation monitoring technology has great limitations. Data acquisition and data processing in the field cannot be carried out in real time and continuously.Therefore, this paper takes the real-time acquisition, transmission, calculation, deformation analysis and early warning of GPS data as the main research thread, and develops a real-time deformation monitoring system of GPS as the research goal, and integrates the sensors in the real-time monitoring of GPS.Data acquisition and transmission GPS data decoding GPS single epoch algorithm signal filtering database management and other key technologies have been deeply studied.The research contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:In this paper, the design scheme of GPS receiver based on MSP430 microcontroller is put forward.This scheme is based on MSP430 single chip computer, combined with GPS OEM receiving card, LCD display, keyboard and other hardware to realize the research and development of GPS measurement receiver.The GPS receiver designed in this paper can collect the data in real time and transmit the data to the data processing center through the GPRS module in real time. The receiver has the functions of screen display, keystroke operation and so on.In this paper, the communication technology and method between GPS receiver and computer are studied, and the GPS data real-time acquisition subsystem based on LabVIEW is developed, which realizes the transmission of GPS data in both wired and wireless ways.Aiming at the limitation of wire transmission, this paper mainly adopts GPRS wireless data transmission scheme, which can realize multi-station data synchronous acquisition.In this paper, the decoding technology of GPS raw data is studied. For the receiver of Ashtech manufacturer, a real-time decoding program based on LabVIEW is developed, which can correctly decode the real-time data stream of the receiver to the standard RINEX format.The size of deformation is analyzed, and the monitoring points larger than the threshold of deformation are given early warning.In this paper, a large database management system based on SQL Server is constructed by using DCT(Database Connectivity Toolkit of NI Company, which can realize the query and management of real-time monitoring data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P228.4

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本文編號：1740325