本文選題：布蘭斯菲爾海峽　切入點(diǎn)：重力數(shù)據(jù)處理　出處：《國家海洋局第一海洋研究所》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：南極大陸及周邊海域是目前國際資源調(diào)查與環(huán)境變化研究的熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)。通過海洋地球物理考察與評價(jià),探測南極周圍陸架上的地層分布特點(diǎn),可以解譯記錄在地層中的以前南極環(huán)境變化的信息。海洋重力測量作為海洋地球物理調(diào)查的基本方法之一,對于研究南極周邊海域的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征與演化,進(jìn)而指導(dǎo)海域資源調(diào)查與全球變化研究等具有重要意義。我國自1984年首次在南極半島布蘭斯菲爾德海峽開展海洋重力調(diào)查以來,已先后開展了31個(gè)航次的南極考察,在南極半島布蘭斯菲爾德海峽、普利茲灣等海域積累了豐富的資料。然而,由于受海冰、風(fēng)浪、定位精度等多重因素影響,且存在儀器類型不統(tǒng)一等問題,產(chǎn)生的偶然誤差和系統(tǒng)誤差相對較大。本論文基于我國在南極半島布蘭斯菲爾德海峽的實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合國際公開數(shù)據(jù),依次采用精度控制、最小二乘平差、船測數(shù)據(jù)融合、重力場與構(gòu)造分析等方法,總結(jié)出了一套適于極區(qū)海域船測重力數(shù)據(jù)處理的方法流程,研究顯示:依次采用逐點(diǎn)分析、最小二乘濾波、交叉耦合改正分析及厄特渥斯改正值再校正等方法處理,可達(dá)到在數(shù)據(jù)處理過程中控制精度的目標(biāo)。本論文利用研究區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)融合結(jié)果系統(tǒng)分析了南極布蘭斯菲爾德海峽的重力場特征,基于改良的艾里模型,反演計(jì)算莫霍面的深度,并進(jìn)行均衡改正獲得均衡重力異常及均衡殘余異常。結(jié)合收集的地震剖面資料分析了區(qū)域構(gòu)造特征,研究表明:(1)布蘭斯菲爾德海峽空間重力異常呈條帶狀分布,走向總體與地形相近,異常場被欺騙島和布里奇曼島分為3個(gè)區(qū)域,同時(shí)被北北西走向的構(gòu)造線及海底火山隔開,在中部海槽形成多個(gè)異常低值圈閉。(2)海峽內(nèi)的布格重力異常由兩側(cè)向中間為升高的異常,大致在坡折處形成異常場值為100×10-5m/s2的分界線,在中部次海槽和東部次海槽海山處形成兩個(gè)異常高值圈閉,異常值最高為150×10-5m/s2。此外,在陸坡區(qū)形成多個(gè)圈閉異常。(3)布蘭斯菲爾德海峽內(nèi)海島之間莫霍面深度的連續(xù)性被后期的海底火山活動(dòng)和斷裂構(gòu)造隔斷,與研究區(qū)南北分帶,東西分塊的構(gòu)造格局相對應(yīng)。莫霍面深度以弧后擴(kuò)張中心為最低值,向南設(shè)得蘭群島和南極半島兩個(gè)方向遞增,數(shù)值從12km遞增至陸坡位置的24km。(4)布蘭斯菲爾德海峽弧后擴(kuò)張中心區(qū)域更趨于均衡平衡的狀態(tài)。研究區(qū)中部次海槽均衡殘余異常高值出現(xiàn)在海底火山位置,異常場主要以60×10-5m/s2為主。
[Abstract]:The Antarctic continent and its surrounding sea area are the hot spots in the international resource survey and environmental change research at present. By means of marine geophysical investigation and evaluation, the stratigraphic distribution characteristics of the continental shelf around the Antarctic are explored. As one of the basic methods of marine geophysical survey, marine gravimetry can be used to study the geological structure and evolution of the sea area around Antarctica. It is of great significance to guide the investigation of sea area resources and the study of global change. Since the first marine gravity survey in the Bran Strait of the Antarctic Peninsula in 1984, China has carried out 31 expeditions to the Antarctic. In the Bran Strait of the Antarctic Peninsula, Pritz Bay has accumulated abundant data. However, due to the influence of many factors, such as sea ice, wind and waves, positioning accuracy, and so on, there are many problems such as the disunity of instrument types and so on. The accidental error and the systematic error are relatively large. Based on the measured data of our country in the Bran Strait of the Antarctic Peninsula, combining with the international public data, the accuracy control, the least square adjustment, and the data fusion of the ship survey are adopted in turn. The method of gravity field and structure analysis is summarized, and a set of method flow of gravity data processing suitable for marine gravity survey in polar area is summarized. The results show that point by point analysis, least square filter, and so on are adopted in turn. Cross-coupling correction analysis and Ertworth correction correction, etc., In this paper, the gravity field characteristics of Bran Strait in Antarctica are systematically analyzed by using the data fusion results of the study area, and the depth of Moho surface is inversed based on the improved Eli model. The isostatic gravity anomaly and the isostatic residual anomaly are obtained by equalization correction. The regional structural characteristics are analyzed in combination with the collected seismic profile data. The results show that the spatial gravity anomaly of the Bran Strait is a strip distribution. The anomalous field is divided into 3 regions by deceiving island and Bridgman island, and is separated by the tectonic line of NNW strike and submarine volcano. The Bouguer gravity anomaly in the Central trough is elevated from two sides to the middle, and the boundary of anomaly field is about 100 脳 10-5m/s2 at the slope break. Two anomalous high value traps were formed at the middle subtrough and the eastern subtrough seamounts. The highest abnormal values were 150 脳 10 ~ (-5) m / s ~ (2). The continuity of the Moho depth between the islands in the Bran Strait is separated by late submarine volcanic activity and fault structures, and is separated from the north-south zone of the study area. The depth of Moho surface is the lowest in the center of back-arc expansion, and increases in the direction of south Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula. The numerical value increases from 12km to 24km.m.4 of the continental slope) the region of the back-arc expansion center of the Bran Strait tends to be more balanced. In the central part of the study area, the residual anomaly of the subtrough equalization appears in the submarine volcanic position, and the main anomaly field is 60 脳 10-5m/s2.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國家海洋局第一海洋研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P223.39

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