本文選題：數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量　切入點(diǎn)：車輛荷載作用　出處：《廣州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)健康狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)是橋梁運(yùn)營(yíng)維護(hù)中非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。橋梁撓度和位移是評(píng)價(jià)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)健康狀態(tài)最基本的兩個(gè)指標(biāo)。而現(xiàn)有測(cè)量方法中有的測(cè)量方法需要大量的人工操作來(lái)獲取橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的位移和撓度變形；有的則精度達(dá)不到橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的要求。所以，目前大多數(shù)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)基本未實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)。研究其原因發(fā)現(xiàn)，造成現(xiàn)在橋梁未能實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的重要原因就是目前絕大多數(shù)測(cè)量手段存在先天性不足，難以進(jìn)行橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)。本文采用了基于數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量技術(shù)原理的測(cè)量方法對(duì)平潭海峽大橋結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)期實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)，取得較為理想的結(jié)果。為橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)找到了一種可靠的手段，，具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文先介紹了基于數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量技術(shù)的橋梁位移或撓度測(cè)量的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)等，再結(jié)合工程應(yīng)用——平潭海峽大橋主梁結(jié)構(gòu)變形監(jiān)測(cè)項(xiàng)目，運(yùn)用基于數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量技術(shù)原理的多通道式遠(yuǎn)程微動(dòng)測(cè)量系統(tǒng)對(duì)平潭海峽大橋主橋結(jié)構(gòu)在車輛荷載作用下的響應(yīng)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)觀測(cè)。首先，通過分析不同荷載作用下平潭海峽大橋主梁結(jié)構(gòu)豎直方向位移變化，總結(jié)出平潭海峽大橋主橋結(jié)構(gòu)在車輛荷載作用下的撓度變化規(guī)律。然后，通過橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在車荷載作用下的響應(yīng)分析了橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的沖擊系數(shù)指標(biāo)，并將測(cè)得的沖擊系數(shù)與《JDG D60-2004公路橋涵設(shè)計(jì)通用規(guī)范》中對(duì)沖擊系數(shù)的要求進(jìn)行對(duì)比，評(píng)估了平潭海峽大橋結(jié)構(gòu)健康狀態(tài)。最后，還給出了車輛荷載作用下的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)撓度曲線、水平方向位移時(shí)程曲線、加速度譜等進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明該橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在車輛荷載作用下的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)特征。 最后研究結(jié)果表明：基于數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量技術(shù)原理的平潭海峽大橋主梁變形監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)為橋梁健康狀態(tài)的評(píng)估提供了精準(zhǔn)可靠的依據(jù)，也說(shuō)明這種基于數(shù)字?jǐn)z影測(cè)量技術(shù)的橋梁健康監(jiān)測(cè)新方法能夠滿足橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)的要求，適合大跨度橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)變形長(zhǎng)期實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)，為橋梁長(zhǎng)期監(jiān)測(cè)提供了一種便捷、精準(zhǔn)的方法，具有極高的工程推廣價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Bridge structure health monitoring is a very important link in bridge operation and maintenance. Bridge deflection and displacement are the two most basic indexes to evaluate bridge structure health. The displacement and deflection of bridge structure can be obtained by manual operation. Some of them can not meet the requirements of bridge structure dynamic monitoring. Therefore, most of the bridge structure health monitoring has not realized the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring. The main reason why the bridge is unable to realize the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring is that most of the current measurement methods are inherently inadequate. It is difficult to carry out real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge structure. In this paper, based on the principle of digital photogrammetry, the structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge is monitored in real time. It is of great practical significance to find a reliable method for the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge structure. This paper first introduces the technical characteristics of bridge displacement or deflection measurement based on digital photogrammetry, and then combines the engineering application of the main girder structure deformation monitoring project of Pingtan Strait Bridge. The multichannel remote fretting measurement system based on the principle of digital photogrammetry is used to observe the response of the main bridge structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge under vehicle load. By analyzing the vertical displacement change of the main beam structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge under different loads, the deflection of the main bridge structure under vehicle load is summarized. According to the response of bridge structure under vehicle load, the impact coefficient index of bridge structure is analyzed, and the measured impact coefficient is compared with the requirement of impact coefficient in JDG D60-2004 highway bridge and culvert design general code. The structural health state of Pingtan Strait Bridge is evaluated. Finally, the deflection curve of bridge structure and the time history curve of horizontal displacement under vehicle load are given. The acceleration spectrum further explains the dynamic response of the bridge structure under vehicle loads. The results show that the deformation monitoring system of the main girder of Pingtan Strait Bridge based on the principle of digital photogrammetry provides an accurate and reliable basis for the evaluation of bridge health. It also shows that the new method of bridge health monitoring based on digital photogrammetry can meet the requirements of bridge structure health monitoring, and it is suitable for the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring of the deformation of long-span bridge structures, which provides a convenient method for the long-term monitoring of bridges. The accurate method has the extremely high engineering promotion value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：U446;P231.5

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