本文選題：全球定位系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：動(dòng)態(tài)精密單點(diǎn)定位　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：動(dòng)態(tài)精密單點(diǎn)定位技術(shù)是一種新的GPS精密單點(diǎn)定位方式，其原理是利用IGS(In-ternational GNSS Service）精密星歷和精密鐘差對(duì)單臺(tái)GPS雙頻接收機(jī)的觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)非差處理，以達(dá)到高精度的動(dòng)態(tài)定位。由于它具有獨(dú)立、靈活和高精度的特點(diǎn)，所以，動(dòng)態(tài)精密單點(diǎn)定位技術(shù)在高精度動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)精密單點(diǎn)定位技術(shù)進(jìn)行了如下研究： （1）詳細(xì)闡述了動(dòng)態(tài)精密單點(diǎn)定位理論基礎(chǔ)，包括定位原理、數(shù)學(xué)模型、觀測(cè)方程的線性組合等。其中重點(diǎn)介紹了精密單點(diǎn)定位常用的三種數(shù)學(xué)模型，并作了分析對(duì)比。 （2）由于動(dòng)態(tài)精密單點(diǎn)定位采用的是動(dòng)態(tài)非差處理方法，因此，不能通過(guò)差分消除誤差影響。本文深入分析了GPS精密單點(diǎn)定位中與衛(wèi)星有關(guān)的誤差、與測(cè)站有關(guān)的誤差、與信號(hào)傳播有關(guān)的誤差等一般誤差影響及消除或削弱的方法，并且還分析了接收機(jī)天線高及相位中心改正、衛(wèi)星天線相位中心改正、天線相位纏繞改正等應(yīng)特別考慮的誤差改正項(xiàng)。 （3）介紹了高精度GPS數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件Bernese5.0及CSRS-PPP系統(tǒng)，利用它們的動(dòng)態(tài)單點(diǎn)定位模塊對(duì)汶川地震時(shí)影響較大的IGS跟蹤站數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行解算分析，得出了靜態(tài)模擬動(dòng)態(tài)單點(diǎn)定位精度可以達(dá)到厘米級(jí)，，但是，解算1小時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，其瞬時(shí)坐標(biāo)解精度為分米級(jí)，而且不太穩(wěn)定。 （4）介紹了GPSTOOLS軟件，并利用該軟件和CSRS-PPP系統(tǒng)解算車載動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，結(jié)果表明動(dòng)態(tài)定位精度達(dá)到分米級(jí)，而且受觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量影響很大。
[Abstract]:Dynamic precise single point positioning is a new method of GPS precise single point positioning. Its principle is to use IGS(In-ternational GNSS Service precision ephemeris and precise clock difference to process the observation data of a single GPS double frequency receiver. In order to achieve high precision dynamic positioning. Because it has the characteristics of independence, flexibility and high precision, so, The dynamic precision single point positioning technology has wide application value in the high precision dynamic application field. In this paper, the dynamic precision single point positioning technology is studied as follows:. In this paper, the theoretical basis of dynamic precise single point positioning, including positioning principle, mathematical model and linear combination of observation equations, is described in detail. Three mathematical models commonly used in precision single point positioning are emphatically introduced, and analyzed and compared. 2) because the dynamic precision single point positioning adopts the dynamic non-difference processing method, the error influence can not be eliminated by the difference. This paper deeply analyzes the errors related to the satellite and the measurement station in the GPS precise single point positioning. The errors related to signal propagation and the methods to eliminate or weaken the errors are also analyzed. The receiver antenna height and phase center correction and satellite antenna phase center correction are also analyzed. Antenna phase winding correction and so on should consider the error correction item. The high precision GPS data processing software Bernese5.0 and CSRS-PPP system are introduced in this paper. Their dynamic single point positioning module is used to calculate and analyze the data of the IGS tracking station which has a great influence on the Wenchuan earthquake. It is concluded that the accuracy of static simulation single point positioning can reach centimeter order, but the instantaneous coordinate solution accuracy is decimeter order, and it is not very stable when the one-hour data is solved. The GPSTOOLS software is introduced, and the vehicle dynamic experimental data are calculated by using the software and CSRS-PPP system. The results show that the dynamic positioning accuracy reaches the decimeter level and is greatly affected by the quality of the observed data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P228.4

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