本文選題：IFC　切入點(diǎn)：CityGML　出處：《北京建筑大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：人們?cè)絹碓蕉嘁髲恼嫒S實(shí)體解決問題，，但三維GIS里的建筑三維模型大多為表面模型，不能進(jìn)入建筑室內(nèi)進(jìn)行信息查詢分析。建立建筑真三維模型，必須獲取建筑詳細(xì)的空間信息，常規(guī)的測(cè)量手段如利用全站儀測(cè)量來獲取這些信息，其工作量巨大且難以實(shí)現(xiàn)。建筑設(shè)計(jì)三維模型包含了建筑的房間布局、樓梯位置以及建筑構(gòu)件詳細(xì)的幾何、物理、位置等空間信息。 如果把建筑設(shè)計(jì)三維模型信息融入到GIS，這樣既能從真三維建筑上進(jìn)行GIS分析，又能節(jié)省測(cè)量工作，降低空間信息采集成本。建筑三維設(shè)計(jì)軟件分為支持IFC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和不支持IFC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)兩類，本文把這兩類軟件設(shè)計(jì)的建筑三維模型信息傳遞到CityGML，實(shí)現(xiàn)三維GIS里建筑空間信息的真三維分析。 以下是本文主要進(jìn)行的工作： 1.分析IFC和CityGML模型文件架構(gòu)，研究這兩種數(shù)據(jù)模型的編碼規(guī)則。在第三方軟件的開發(fā)平臺(tái)中，把IFC整體模型分解為多個(gè)模型元素并與CityGML建立語義映射，把IFC模型空間信息傳遞共享到CityGML。 2.根據(jù)CityGML模型文件架構(gòu)，開發(fā)了具有簡(jiǎn)單功能的客戶端瀏覽器，通過對(duì)實(shí)例CityGML模型文件的解析和三維顯示，驗(yàn)證了架構(gòu)分析方法。 3.在第三方軟件的平臺(tái)上，把SketchUp設(shè)計(jì)的建筑三維模型分層進(jìn)行語義描述并與CityGML建立語義映射，通過語義傳遞把SketchUp模型信息傳遞到CityGML，實(shí)現(xiàn)建筑設(shè)計(jì)模型信息與地理模型的共享。 4.結(jié)合北京市通州區(qū)馬駒橋某高層建筑的設(shè)計(jì)圖，用SketchUP對(duì)該建筑三維建模；依據(jù)室內(nèi)家具效果圖，對(duì)家具以及樓梯三維建模；根據(jù)建筑所在區(qū)域影像，對(duì)區(qū)域環(huán)境建模，包括相鄰建筑以及樹木三維建模；把該區(qū)域模型信息傳遞到CityGML，通過建筑空間信息與其周圍地理環(huán)境的共享，在客戶端瀏覽器進(jìn)行建筑室內(nèi)和室外三維空間分析。
[Abstract]:More and more people want to solve the problem from the true three-dimensional entity, but most of the three-dimensional building models in three-dimensional GIS are surface models, so they can not enter the building room for information query and analysis. It is necessary to obtain the detailed spatial information of the building. The traditional survey methods, such as the use of total station survey to obtain these information, have a huge workload and are difficult to realize. The three-dimensional model of the architectural design contains the layout of the building's rooms. The location of the staircase and the detailed geometric, physical, location and other spatial information of the building components. If the three-dimensional model information of architectural design is integrated into GIS, it can not only analyze the GIS from the true three-dimensional architecture, but also save the measurement work. To reduce the cost of spatial information collection. Building 3D design software can be divided into two categories: supporting IFC standard and not supporting IFC standard. In this paper, the information of building 3D model designed by these two kinds of software is transferred to CityGML, and the true three-dimensional analysis of architectural spatial information in 3D GIS is realized. The following are the main tasks of this paper:. 1. Analyze the IFC and CityGML model file architecture, study the encoding rules of these two data models. In the third-party software development platform, decompose the whole IFC model into several model elements and establish semantic mapping with CityGML. The spatial information of IFC model is shared with CityGML. 2. According to the CityGML model file architecture, the client browser with simple function is developed. The analysis method of the architecture is verified by parsing and displaying the instance CityGML model file. 3. On the platform of the third party software, the building 3D model designed by SketchUp is stratified into semantic description and set up semantic mapping with CityGML. The information of SketchUp model is transferred to CityGML through semantic transfer to realize the sharing of architectural design model information and geographical model. 4. According to the design drawing of a tall building in Majuqiao, Tongzhou District, Beijing, the three-dimensional model of the building is built with SketchUP; the furniture and staircase are modeled according to the indoor furniture effect diagram; the regional environment is modeled according to the image of the area where the building is located. It includes the 3D modeling of adjacent buildings and trees, the transfer of the regional model information to CityGML. through the sharing of building space information with its surrounding geographical environment, the three-dimensional spatial analysis of the building interior and exterior is carried out in the client browser.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：P208;TU201.4

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