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  本文選題：三維數(shù)據(jù)模型　切入點：數(shù)字校園　出處：《東華理工大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著數(shù)字城市研究的深入,作為數(shù)字城市重要技術支撐的三維GIS技術已經(jīng)成為當今GIS領域的熱門研究方向之一。與傳統(tǒng)的二維GIS相比,三維GIS技術有許多的不可比擬的優(yōu)點,三維GIS技術能夠更加具體、生動、立體、逼真的將空間信息展現(xiàn)出來,可以將現(xiàn)實的地理空間現(xiàn)象給用戶以立體的展現(xiàn),不僅能夠?qū)⒖臻g對象間的平面關系表達出來,而且能將它們之間的垂向關系表達出來;另外三維GIS特有的功能還包括對空間對象進行三維空間分析和操作。特別是隨著計算機硬件技術的飛速發(fā)展、圖形學算法研究不斷深入、空間測量、海量空間數(shù)據(jù)存儲技術的日益成熟,更加推動了地理信息系統(tǒng)(GIS)由傳統(tǒng)的二維模型向三維模型的轉(zhuǎn)變。三維GIS與其他可視化軟件相比,如CAD、3DMAX相比其具有獨特的管理復雜空間對象能力及空間分析的能力。因此,三維GIS越來越受到各個行業(yè)用戶的青睞。本文所研究的三維數(shù)字校園就是將傳統(tǒng)管理信息系統(tǒng)與三維GIS技術相結(jié)合發(fā)展起來的,是三維GIS的具體應用體現(xiàn)。本文對比分析了幾種常用的三維可視化軟件,采用了一條快速構(gòu)建三維數(shù)字校園的實現(xiàn)方案:通過SketchUp軟件實現(xiàn)精確快速的三維建模,利用ArcGIS平臺實現(xiàn)完美的三維空間分析,改變了之前數(shù)字校園只有圖表、相片的二維顯示狀況,更加生動的展現(xiàn)了一個數(shù)字化校園的美景。根據(jù)東華理工大學南昌校區(qū)的具體情況,采集并處理校園數(shù)字正射影像圖、建筑紋理圖像、基礎地形測繪數(shù)據(jù),將校園的二維矢量數(shù)據(jù)導入SketchUp軟件,針對不同的地表實體采用不同的建模方法進行具有真實感的三維建模;將三維模型數(shù)據(jù)存儲為ArcGIS屮能接收的格式Multipatch;以Multipatch三維模型和二維GIS數(shù)據(jù)作為基礎,利用ArcEngine組件在Visual Studio2008 C#.NET環(huán)境下開發(fā)東華理工大學南昌校區(qū)三維校園可視化原型系統(tǒng)。其主要功能有三維瀏覽、信息查詢、空間分析、量算統(tǒng)計等。三維校園系統(tǒng)為校園資源管理、規(guī)劃設計提供決策支持的同時,也可以為大學提供更好的對外宣傳功能,使用戶更加身臨其境的感受校園景色;三維可視化校園系統(tǒng)為今后構(gòu)建真正的三維可視化校園服務平臺提供了參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of digital city research, 3D GIS technology, which is an important technology support of digital city, has become one of the hot research directions in the field of GIS. Compared with traditional two-dimensional GIS, 3D GIS technology has many unparalleled advantages. 3D GIS technology can show the spatial information more concretely, vividly, stereoscopically and realistically. It can not only express the plane relation between spatial objects, but also give the users a three-dimensional display of the realistic geographical spatial phenomenon. In addition, the special functions of 3D GIS include three-dimensional spatial analysis and operation of space objects, especially with the rapid development of computer hardware technology. With the development of graphic algorithms and the maturation of spatial measurement and massive spatial data storage technology, GIS (Geographic Information system) has been transformed from traditional two-dimensional model to three-dimensional model. Compared with other visualization software, 3D GIS is more effective than other visualization software. For example, CADX 3DMAX has a unique ability to manage complex spatial objects and spatial analysis. 3D GIS is more and more popular among users of various industries. The 3D digital campus studied in this paper is a combination of traditional management information system and 3D GIS technology. This paper compares and analyzes several kinds of commonly used 3D visualization software, and adopts a fast realization scheme of constructing 3D digital campus: realize accurate and fast 3D modeling through SketchUp software, The use of ArcGIS platform to achieve perfect three-dimensional spatial analysis, changed the previous digital campus only graphics, photos of two-dimensional display, More vividly showing the beauty of a digital campus. According to the concrete situation of Nanchang campus of Donghua University of Technology, we collect and process digital orthophoto images, architectural texture images, and basic topographic mapping data. The 2-D vector data of campus is imported into SketchUp software, and different modeling methods are used for different surface entities to carry out 3D modeling with realistic sense. The 3D model data is stored as the format Multipatch that ArcGIS can receive, which is based on Multipatch 3D model and two-dimensional GIS data. Using ArcEngine component to develop the 3D campus visualization prototype system of Nanchang campus of Donghua University of Science and Technology under the environment of Visual Studio2008 C#.NET. The main functions of the system are three-dimensional browsing, information query, spatial analysis, statistics and so on. The three-dimensional campus system is the management of campus resources. Planning and design to provide decision-making support, but also for the university to provide a better external publicity function, so that users more experience of the campus landscape; The three-dimensional visualization campus system provides a reference for constructing the real three-dimensional visual campus service platform in the future.
【學位授予單位】：東華理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P208

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本文編號：1615120