本文選題：GIS　切入點(diǎn)：三峽水庫(kù)　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：三峽工程是舉世矚目的特大型水利工程,對(duì)庫(kù)區(qū)的水環(huán)境進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)模擬具有十分重要的意義。近年來(lái),地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)(GIS)有了很大的發(fā)展,通過(guò)GIS與水質(zhì)模型相結(jié)合可使水質(zhì)模型的功能有質(zhì)的飛躍。本文在收集三峽庫(kù)區(qū)尤其是香溪河大量水文水質(zhì)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行了基于GIS的香溪河水質(zhì)模擬研究。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),香溪河主汛期水質(zhì)略好于非汛期,但水質(zhì)年際變化規(guī)律與其他支流相比變化不顯著。這是由于：(1)非汛期XX00～XX04站點(diǎn)水質(zhì)主要受回水影響,與三峽水庫(kù)的水質(zhì)保持一致；而XX05-XX09號(hào)站點(diǎn)的水質(zhì)較差,主要是受上游來(lái)水減少的影響,因?yàn)樯嫌蔚乃畮?kù)將河流的水流截留造成下游的來(lái)水量減小,從而導(dǎo)致水質(zhì)變差。(2)主汛期上游放水,下游流量增加,整條河流汛期水量較大,但是由于有大量面源污染物進(jìn)入水體,所以水質(zhì)只是略好于非汛期；XX00-XX02號(hào)站點(diǎn)依舊由于庫(kù)區(qū)回水影響而保持與庫(kù)區(qū)水質(zhì)變化相同的趨勢(shì)。 同時(shí),香溪河水質(zhì)主要受兩方面因素影響：河流流量變化和水庫(kù)回水量。當(dāng)河流流量變大時(shí),整個(gè)河流的流速增加,與此同時(shí),進(jìn)入香溪河的面源污染負(fù)荷增加。但是,總體來(lái)說(shuō)整個(gè)河流中污染物的濃度是相對(duì)減少的,因此河流水質(zhì)隨著流量的增加而變的相對(duì)較好。水庫(kù)的回水量對(duì)香溪河水質(zhì)的影響主要體現(xiàn)在回水范圍的變化上：非汛期大壩蓄水,庫(kù)區(qū)水位抬高,回水量增加,下游受庫(kù)區(qū)回水的影響范圍增加；主汛期大壩放水,庫(kù)區(qū)水位下降,回水量減少,下游受庫(kù)區(qū)回水的影響范圍減少。 水質(zhì)模型與GIS的結(jié)合,集成了GIS的數(shù)據(jù)處理功能和水質(zhì)模型的模擬計(jì)算功能的雙重優(yōu)點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)模型所需的大量基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)及模擬結(jié)果的存儲(chǔ)、編輯和管理以及對(duì)水質(zhì)模型模擬結(jié)果的可視化,使決策者更直觀地了解模擬結(jié)果。同時(shí),利用GIS的數(shù)據(jù)處理分析功能,方便地統(tǒng)計(jì)了分析模型的計(jì)算結(jié)果,這些都為相關(guān)部門(mén)提供了有力的技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:The three Gorges Project is an extremely large water conservancy project that attracts worldwide attention. It is of great significance to simulate the water environment in the reservoir area. In recent years, the GIS technology has made great progress. Through the combination of GIS and water quality model, the function of water quality model can be improved qualitatively. On the basis of collecting a large amount of hydrological and water quality data in the three Gorges Reservoir area, especially in Xiangxi River, a simulation study of water quality of Xiangxi River based on GIS has been carried out in this paper. It is found that the water quality in the main flood season of Xiangxi River is slightly better than that in the non-flood season, but the interannual variation of water quality is not significant compared with other tributaries. This is due to the fact that the water quality of XX00~XX04 stations in non-flood season is mainly affected by backwater, which is consistent with the water quality of the three Gorges Reservoir. The water quality of XX05-XX09 station is poor, which is mainly affected by the decrease of upstream water inflow, because the upstream reservoir intercepts the flow of water in the river and results in the decrease of the downstream water inflow, which leads to the deterioration of water quality in the upper reaches of the main flood season and the increase of the downstream flow. The whole river has a large amount of water in flood season, but due to a large number of non-source pollutants entering into the water body, the water quality is only slightly better than that in non-flood season, and still keeps the same trend as the change of water quality in the reservoir area due to the backwater effect in the reservoir area. At the same time, the water quality of the Xiangxi River is mainly affected by two factors: the variation of the river discharge and the return water of the reservoir. When the discharge of the river becomes larger, the velocity of the whole river increases, at the same time, the non-point source pollution load into the Xiangxi River increases. Overall, the concentration of pollutants in the entire river is relatively low, Therefore, the water quality of the river changes relatively well with the increase of the discharge. The effect of the return water volume of the reservoir on the water quality of the Xiangxi River is mainly reflected in the change of the backwater range: the dam is stored in the non-flood season, the water level in the reservoir area is raised, and the backwater volume increases. In the main flood season, the water level of the reservoir decreases, the amount of the backwater decreases, and the range of the downstream affected by the backwater of the reservoir decreases. The combination of water quality model and GIS integrates the dual advantages of the data processing function of GIS and the simulation calculation function of water quality model, and realizes the storage of a large number of basic data and simulation results required by the model. Edit and manage and visualize the simulation results of water quality model, so that the decision-makers can understand the simulation results more intuitively. At the same time, using the data processing and analysis function of GIS, the calculation results of the analysis model are counted conveniently. All these provide strong technical support for the relevant departments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P208;X824

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王海云;三峽水庫(kù)蓄水對(duì)香溪河水環(huán)境的影響及對(duì)策研究[J];長(zhǎng)江流域資源與環(huán)境;2005年02期

2 柏延臣,李新,馮學(xué)智;空間數(shù)據(jù)分析與空間模型[J];地理研究;1999年02期

3 鄭澤梅,夏斌,張俊嶺;GIS與水質(zhì)模型集成研究與實(shí)踐[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù);2005年S1期

4 尹越,李曉紅,祁國(guó)煒;地理信息系統(tǒng)(GIS)在水環(huán)境功能區(qū)劃匯總中的應(yīng)用[J];甘肅環(huán)境研究與監(jiān)測(cè);2003年03期

5 朱聯(lián)東;李兆華;陳紅兵;熊欣;王鈧;黃道成;;興山香溪河流域農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染問(wèn)題及防治對(duì)策研究[J];環(huán)境研究與監(jiān)測(cè);2009年03期

6 董增川;梁忠民;李大勇;郭慧芳;;三峽工程對(duì)鄱陽(yáng)湖水資源生態(tài)效應(yīng)的影響[J];河海大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2012年01期

7 陳月;席北斗;何連生;王京剛;;QUAL2K模型在西苕溪干流梅溪段水質(zhì)模擬中的應(yīng)用[J];環(huán)境工程學(xué)報(bào);2008年07期

8 李錦秀,廖文根;水流條件巨大變化對(duì)有機(jī)污染物降解速率影響研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)研究;2002年03期

9 孫啟宏,喬琦,孔益民,徐貞元,段寧;利用動(dòng)態(tài)分段技術(shù)進(jìn)行河流一維水質(zhì)擴(kuò)散模擬[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)研究;1997年05期

10 肖青,馬蔚純,張超;基于ArcView的空間型蘇州河環(huán)境信息系統(tǒng)原型研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)研究;1999年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 申滿(mǎn)斌;渾水水質(zhì)模型研究及其在三峽庫(kù)區(qū)岸邊水質(zhì)模擬中的應(yīng)用[D];清華大學(xué);2005年

2 張超;非點(diǎn)源污染模型研究及其在香溪河流域的應(yīng)用[D];清華大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 葉綠;三峽庫(kù)區(qū)香溪河水華現(xiàn)象發(fā)生規(guī)律與對(duì)策研究[D];河海大學(xué);2006年

2 焦世s，

本文編號(hào)：1605846