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  本文選題：TOPS　切入點：哨兵　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：哨兵衛(wèi)星是繼ERS和ENVISAT衛(wèi)星之后歐空局又一顆具有劃時代意義的C波段SAR遙感衛(wèi)星。哨兵衛(wèi)星寬幅成像模式采用TOPS(Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans)技術(shù),衛(wèi)星在飛行過程中波束沿方位向從后向前擺動,從而獲得一個更大范圍的成像區(qū)域。與ScanSAR模式相比,TOPS模式影像中多普勒模糊、分辨率和信噪比一致,消除了影像扇貝效應(yīng),提高了影像質(zhì)量。本文進一步分別從影像信噪比、方位向模糊以及時問同步方面分析了TOPS模式干涉性能。TOPS模式每組Burst持續(xù)時間較長,提高了雷達回波利用率,但是多普勒中心頻率變化達5KHz,干涉處理時配準精度要求達到0.001個像素,否則干涉圖相位出現(xiàn)較大的偏差,相鄰Burst干涉圖相位將出現(xiàn)跳變現(xiàn)象。本文則針對哨兵衛(wèi)星TOPS模式影像干涉處理理論和方法做全面的論述。鑒于哨兵衛(wèi)星影像質(zhì)量和衛(wèi)星輔助參數(shù)均達到了很高的精度,論文優(yōu)先考慮基于影像幾何的初配準。但是該方法依賴于精密軌道�？紤]實時處理的需要,論文在影像幾何配準的基礎(chǔ)上,采用影像相關(guān)配準算法矯正較大的方位向系統(tǒng)配準偏差�？紤]到重復(fù)觀測過程中地物位置和物理特征的變化導(dǎo)致的影像的失相干問題,本文增加了點目標配準的方法以增加相關(guān)性配準的可靠性,最后利用Burst模式的重疊區(qū)域進行增強譜分集配準,優(yōu)化方位向系統(tǒng)性配準誤差。哨兵影像精配準處理依賴于增強譜分集方法,但是該方法易受到方位向形變、電離層閃爍等因素的干擾,其差分相位不但包含配準誤差信息,還存在方位向形變等其他信號。本文則討論了增強配準的干擾原理以及相應(yīng)的干擾排除方法。哨兵衛(wèi)星重訪周期更短,理論上可以監(jiān)測更大速率的沉降。本文則采用StaMPS軟件對哨兵數(shù)據(jù)進行PSInSAR處理。然而StaMPS技術(shù)在進行大氣效應(yīng)分離時,并沒有像經(jīng)典PS技術(shù)一樣采用先驗?zāi)Ｐ吞崆胺蛛x出主要的形變信息。當沉降速率較大時,PS點之間所含信息成分差異較大,傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)典濾波器則無法保證這些信息的正確分離,本文提出平滑樣條濾波可以提高信息分離的精度,并可抗拒解纏錯誤的干擾。哨兵衛(wèi)星為我們利用重疊區(qū)域檢驗時序分析結(jié)果提供了可能。哨兵衛(wèi)星影像中所有組Burst參考同一軌道,且相鄰Burst成像時間僅差數(shù)秒,理論上影像重疊區(qū)域時序處理結(jié)果應(yīng)該是一致的。本文基于墨西哥地區(qū)和天津地區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)對每組Burst進行單獨處理,然后根據(jù)方位向重疊區(qū)域評估PS處理結(jié)果的精度。
[Abstract]:Sentinel satellite is another epoch-making C-band SAR remote sensing satellite after ERS and ENVISAT satellites. The wide-amplitude imaging mode of Sentinel satellite is based on TOPS(Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans. during flight, the beam is swinging back and forth along the azimuth. Compared with the ScanSAR mode, the Doppler blur, the same resolution and the same signal-to-noise ratio can eliminate the scallop effect and improve the image quality. In the aspect of azimuth fuzziness and timely synchronization, the interference performance of TOPS mode. The Burst duration of each Burst group of trips mode is longer, which improves the radar echo utilization ratio. However, the Doppler center frequency changes to 5 KHz, and the registration accuracy is 0.001 pixels in the interferometric processing. Otherwise, the phase of the interferogram will deviate greatly. The phase jump of adjacent Burst interferogram will occur. In this paper, the theory and method of Sentinel satellite TOPS mode image interferometry are discussed. In view of the high precision of satellite image quality and satellite auxiliary parameters, The paper gives priority to the initial registration based on image geometry, but the method depends on the precision orbit. Considering the need of real-time processing, the paper is based on the image geometry registration. The algorithm of image correlation registration is used to correct the large registration deviation of azimuth system. Considering the problem of image incoherence caused by the change of ground object position and physical characteristics during repeated observation, In this paper, the method of point target registration is added to increase the reliability of correlation registration. Finally, enhanced spectral diversity registration is carried out by using overlapping region of Burst model. Optimization of azimuth systematic registration error. Sentinel image registration process depends on enhanced spectral diversity method, but this method is easily disturbed by azimuth deformation and ionospheric scintillation, and its differential phase not only contains registration error information. There are also other signals such as azimuth deformation. In this paper, the interference principle of enhanced registration and the corresponding interference elimination method are discussed. The re-visit period of Sentinel satellite is shorter than that of Sentinel satellite. In this paper, StaMPS software is used to process Sentinel data by PSInSAR. However, when StaMPS technology is used to separate atmospheric effects, The prior model is not used to separate out the main deformation information in advance as the classical PS technique. When the settlement rate is large, the difference of information components between PS points is large, but the traditional classical filter can not guarantee the correct separation of these information. In this paper, it is proposed that smooth spline filtering can improve the accuracy of information separation. The Sentinel satellite makes it possible for us to use the overlapping region to test the time sequence analysis results. All groups of Burst in the Sentinel satellite image refer to the same orbit, and the imaging time of adjacent Burst is only several seconds. In this paper, each group of Burst is processed separately based on the data of Mexico and Tianjin, and then the accuracy of PS processing is evaluated according to the azimuth overlapping region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P236

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本文編號：1584620