本文關(guān)鍵詞： 空間知識 地理本體 空間知識形式化表達 空間知識集成　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在GIS學(xué)科中,空間知識是指在不同認(rèn)知層次上一個或多個地理信息關(guān)聯(lián)在一起形成的有應(yīng)用價值的信息結(jié)構(gòu)。針對空間知識的研究是GIS智能化方向的核心內(nèi)容,也是空間數(shù)據(jù)挖掘、地理空間推理等課題的基礎(chǔ),多側(cè)重于通過空間數(shù)據(jù)挖掘等方法實現(xiàn)隱式空間知識的獲取,以及在實際生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用空間知識進行輔助決策分析,提高問題求解能力。當(dāng)前,多源異構(gòu)空間數(shù)據(jù)的集成技術(shù)已經(jīng)相對成熟,而空間知識仍缺乏通用的形式化表達方法,不同來源、不同領(lǐng)域、不同方法獲取的空間知識普遍存在語義、空間尺度、表達方法和存儲結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的異構(gòu)性問題,導(dǎo)致空間知識的共享和集成困難,制約了通過跨領(lǐng)域空間數(shù)據(jù)和空間知識進行綜合性應(yīng)用的智能化水平。另一方面,由于傳統(tǒng)知識工程領(lǐng)域側(cè)重企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)性知識集成的研究成果尚無法直接適用于空間知識集成這一命題,空間知識的集成還缺乏理論模型及方法的支撐。因此,研究空間知識的統(tǒng)一形式化表達與集成方法,消除空間知識的異構(gòu)性,顧及空間知識的時空特征,從而可以有效利用當(dāng)前多源異構(gòu)的空間數(shù)據(jù)與空間知識資源,為今后在大數(shù)據(jù)量環(huán)境下的空間數(shù)據(jù)挖掘提供新的思路,豐富空間知識研究的理論方法體系,并對當(dāng)前的智慧城市建設(shè)起到一定的方法性指導(dǎo)作用。本文以地理信息的多源異構(gòu)空間知識集成方法為主線,以構(gòu)建空間知識的統(tǒng)一表達模型為切入點,在梳理、明確空間知識的內(nèi)涵、分類體系與特征因子的基礎(chǔ)上,針對當(dāng)前空間知識存在異構(gòu)性和知識集成方法對空間知識中時空特征處理能力不足的問題,通過改進的地理本體提出一種空間知識的統(tǒng)一形式化表達模型,實現(xiàn)對空間知識特征因子的完備表達,并通過轉(zhuǎn)換、合并及推理實現(xiàn)空間知識的集成。本文取得了以下的研究成果:(1)提出一種空間知識的統(tǒng)一形式化表達模型(Geospatial Knowledge UnifiedRepresentation Model,簡稱GeoKURM)。對比典型的空間知識表達方法,分析其差異性,證實地理本體最適合空間知識的統(tǒng)一表達與異構(gòu)表達方法的集成。歸納構(gòu)成空間知識形式化表達的特征因子,通過空間元知識、空間知識本體以及空間規(guī)則庫實現(xiàn)對特征因子的完備描述。提出一種改進的語義三元組來描述語義因子;針對地理本體中拓?fù)潢P(guān)系表達能力的不足,基于4交集模型提出的GeoKURM的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系描述,支持一致性推理和沖突消解。(2)提出一種空間知識的集成方法,通過表達方法轉(zhuǎn)換、語義映射與合并、以及推理檢驗三個步驟實現(xiàn)。在空間知識的轉(zhuǎn)換方法中,提出空間知識轉(zhuǎn)換的一般流程,對空間描述邏輯建立拓?fù)潢P(guān)系描述的映射關(guān)系以實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)換;對結(jié)構(gòu)化表達的產(chǎn)生式規(guī)則提出通過時空關(guān)系詞匯集實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)換時的隱式時空關(guān)系自動識別與抽取方法,解決空間知識的表達方法異構(gòu)及存儲結(jié)構(gòu)異構(gòu)。在空間知識的合并方法中,基于本體映射方法進行GeoKURM的合并,解決空間知識的語義異構(gòu)。在空間知識推理中,基于GeoKURM的時空特征表達提出一種改進的一致性檢測推理機GeoPellet,與Jess規(guī)則推理機構(gòu)成GeoKURM的混合推理機制。(3)設(shè)計空間知識處理平臺GeoKMP及原型系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn),支持領(lǐng)域空間知識庫的構(gòu)建,異構(gòu)空間知識源的集成以及結(jié)合實際數(shù)據(jù)的綜合推理。以城市綜合管線的數(shù)據(jù)校驗和城市燃氣管線的危險源辨識為應(yīng)用案例,集成多領(lǐng)域空間知識庫并整合相關(guān)空間數(shù)據(jù)庫資源,優(yōu)化改善已有的空間知識庫,驗證本文提出方法的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:In GIS subjects, spatial knowledge refers to the information structure in different cognitive levels of one or more geographic information associated with application value together to form. According to the research of spatial knowledge is the core content of GIS intelligent direction, and spatial data mining, spatial reasoning task, focus on the spatial data mining method to obtain implicit knowledge of space, and the application of spatial knowledge in actual production decision-making analysis, improve the ability of solving problems. At present, the integrated technology of multi-source and heterogeneous spatial data has been mature, but still lack a general spatial knowledge representation method, different sources, different areas of space the knowledge acquired from different methods are common semantic, spatial scale, heterogeneous expression method and storage structure, resulting in the spatial knowledge sharing and integration difficulties, system The intelligent level about the comprehensive application through the cross domain of spatial data and spatial knowledge. On the other hand, because of the traditional knowledge engineering business enterprise knowledge integration research achievements can not be directly applicable to the space of knowledge integration this proposition, integration of spatial knowledge is the lack of the theory model and method of support. Therefore, with the integrated method of expression of the unified form of research on spatial knowledge, to eliminate the heterogeneity of spatial knowledge, take into account the temporal and spatial characteristics of spatial knowledge, which can effectively utilize the space data of the multi-source heterogeneous spatial knowledge and resources, to provide new ideas for the future of spatial data in a large data mining environment, enrich the theoretical system of the spatial knowledge, and to a certain method of guidance on the wisdom of the city. The construction of the multi-source heterogeneous spatial knowledge integration based on geographic information. As the main method, the expression model as the starting point, to unify the construction of spatial knowledge in combing, clear connotation of spatial knowledge, basic classification system and characteristic factor, according to the existing heterogeneous and knowledge integration method of spatial and temporal characteristics of processing spatial knowledge in the problem of spatial knowledge, proposes a unified expression model the form of spatial knowledge through improved geographic ontology, realize the complete expression of the spatial knowledge characteristic factor, and through the transformation, integration of spatial knowledge merging and reasoning. This paper has achieved the following results: (1) the expression model presents a unified form of spatial knowledge (Geospatial Knowledge UnifiedRepresentation Model, referred to as GeoKURM). In contrast to the classical spatial knowledge expression method, analysis of their differences, that unified geographic ontology most suitable spatial knowledge expression and heterogeneous expression The integrated method. Summarized constitute characteristic factor expression of space knowledge, meta knowledge through space and space, space ontology rules to achieve a complete description of the characteristic factors. This paper proposes an improved semantic three tuple to describe the semantic factor; for lack of geographic ontology in the topological relationship between the ability of expression, to describe the topological relationship between the 4 the intersection model is put forward based on GeoKURM, support the consistency reasoning and conflict resolution. (2) proposed a method of integration of spatial knowledge, through the expression conversion method, semantic mapping and merging, and reasoning test three steps. In the spatial knowledge conversion method, put forward the general process of knowledge transformation of space, space the description logic mapping describing topological relations in order to achieve the conversion of structured; expression of generative rules proposed by the temporal and spatial relationship between the vocabulary set implicit conversion when the time The relationship between the automatic identification and extraction method, solve the expression method of spatial knowledge and heterogeneous storage structure. In the combined method of spatial heterogeneous knowledge, GeoKURM with ontology mapping method based on spatial knowledge. To solve the problem of semantic heterogeneity in spatial knowledge inference, spatial and temporal characteristics of the expression of GeoKURM presents a consistency detection reasoning machine GeoPellet improvement based on the hybrid reasoning mechanism is composed of GeoKURM and Jess rules of inference. (3) design and implementation of spatial knowledge processing platform and GeoKMP prototype system, build the support field of spatial knowledge database, heterogeneous spatial knowledge source integration and combined with the actual data. By reasoning city comprehensive pipeline data check and city gas pipeline risk source identification for application case, space integrated multi domain knowledge base and integration of spatial database resources, optimizing the spatial knowledge base to improve the existing inspection. This article suggests the accuracy of the method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐寅;吉根林;張書亮;;基于地理本體的地下管線空間知識表示方法研究[J];南京師大學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2013年01期

2 黃冬梅;張弛;杜繼鵬;高延銘;;數(shù)字海洋中海量多源異構(gòu)空間數(shù)據(jù)集成研究[J];海洋環(huán)境科學(xué);2012年01期

3 蘇國輝;孫記紅;魏合龍;林峰;郭加樹;;海洋地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)集成中的關(guān)鍵問題和方案[J];海洋地質(zhì)前沿;2011年11期

4 陳虎;李宏偉;馬雷雷;;本體在地理知識庫構(gòu)建中的應(yīng)用[J];地理空間信息;2011年05期

5 王生生;劉大有;谷方明;謝琦;李昕;;基于ALC的空間語義知識庫[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(工學(xué)版);2011年02期

6 葉密;鄭誠;;地理本體在信息檢索中的應(yīng)用[J];微計算機信息;2010年27期

7 許s，

本文編號：1541594