MAPGIS地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)套合公開地理數(shù)據(jù)及其誤差研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 地理圖 地質(zhì)圖 ArcGIS MAPGIS 脫密 出處:《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2013年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:空間信息的共享與傳播相較于非空間部分具有很大的限制。其原因在于我國相關(guān)法律法規(guī)中,大、中比例尺的地形圖及其相關(guān)的專題地圖不允許被公開傳播。這在一定程度上阻礙了我國地理信息事業(yè)的發(fā)展。合理處理涉密的大、中比例尺地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù),使其能夠公開傳播與共享,成為當(dāng)前研究的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)。 本文的地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)來源于中國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局發(fā)展研究中心提供的1:5萬數(shù)字化地質(zhì)圖,使用的公開地理數(shù)據(jù)包括:1:25萬公眾版地形圖、1:100萬地質(zhì)圖地理底圖圖、Google Maps地理數(shù)據(jù)三種。文中總結(jié)1:5萬地質(zhì)圖公開傳播被限制的原因,提取1:5萬地質(zhì)圖當(dāng)中的非涉密要素,經(jīng)格式轉(zhuǎn)換以及空間投影獲得格式和空間參考與公開地理數(shù)據(jù)一致的非涉密地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù),探索1:5萬的非涉密地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)套合于各類地理數(shù)據(jù)之上的方法,分析其誤差來源,并進(jìn)行誤差處理。 本文研究結(jié)論主要包括以下三個(gè)方面: (1)相對而言,將1:5萬地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)套合于1:25萬公眾版地形圖和Google Maps上更具有應(yīng)用潛力。在1:5萬地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)套合1:25萬公眾版地形圖的過程中,對比1:5萬地理數(shù)據(jù)與1:25萬公眾版地形圖中的地理數(shù)據(jù),選取控制點(diǎn)進(jìn)行幾何校正,即可獲得能夠公開使用的1:5萬地質(zhì)圖。 (2)現(xiàn)階段由于資料保密的原因,,1:5萬地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)套合于Google Maps不能夠進(jìn)行誤差處理,但其能夠與一線商業(yè)地理數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行套合,快速搭建輕量級WEBGIS應(yīng)用,具有商業(yè)應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 (3)分析國內(nèi)常用兩大地理信息軟件格式,利用二進(jìn)制文件編程的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)文件格式的轉(zhuǎn)換。 本文的主要貢獻(xiàn)是用編程方法完成ArcGIS與MAPGIS的格式轉(zhuǎn)換以及從1:5萬地質(zhì)圖的地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)中提取非涉密的地質(zhì)要素,套合于公開地理數(shù)據(jù)之上,最終得到可公開使用的地質(zhì)圖。
[Abstract]:The sharing and dissemination of spatial information has great limitations compared with the non-spatial part. The reason is that in the relevant laws and regulations of our country, large, Topographic maps of middle scale and related thematic maps are not allowed to be publicly disseminated. To a certain extent, this hinders the development of geographic information in China. So that it can be publicly disseminated and shared, has become a hot spot of current research. The geological data in this paper are derived from the 1: 50,000 digital geological map provided by the Development Research Center of the China Geological Survey. The public geographic data used include: 1: 250, 000 public topographic map 1: 1 million geological map geographic base map and Maps geographic data. In this paper, we summarize the reasons why the public dissemination of 1: 50,000 geological map is restricted, and extract the non-secret elements of the 1: 50 million geological map. Through format conversion and spatial projection, non-secret geological data with format and spatial reference consistent with open geographic data are obtained, and the method of integrating 1: 50 000 non-confidential geological data onto all kinds of geographic data is explored, and its error source is analyzed. Error handling is also carried out. The conclusions of this paper mainly include the following three aspects:. Relatively speaking, it has more potential to combine the 1: 50 000 geological data set with the 1:25 public topographic map and Google Maps. In the process of 1: 50 million geological data suite joining 1:25 public edition topographic map, By comparing the geographic data of 1: 50 000 with the 1:25 public topographic map, and selecting the control points for geometric correction, a 1: 50 000 geological map which can be used publicly can be obtained. 2) due to the reason of keeping the data confidential, the geological data set of 1: 50 000 can not be processed by error in Google Maps, but it can be combined with the front-line commercial geographic data, and the application of lightweight WEBGIS can be built quickly, which is of commercial application value. This paper analyzes the two commonly used geographic information software formats in China and uses the method of binary file programming to realize file format conversion. The main contribution of this paper is to complete the format conversion between ArcGIS and MAPGIS by programming method, and to extract non-secret geological elements from geological data of 1: 50 000 geological map, which are combined with open geographic data, and finally to get the geological map which can be used publicly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:P208;P628.4
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