發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-28 05:31

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載力 綜合評價(jià)法 遙感 地理信息系統(tǒng)　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載力建立了礦業(yè)開發(fā)與地質(zhì)環(huán)境之間的密切聯(lián)系，是實(shí)現(xiàn)資源配置、國土規(guī)劃的重要舉措，也是建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。研究區(qū)植被覆蓋率高、水資源、鐵礦石資源豐富，并且作為北京市重要的水源地和鐵礦基地，不僅是生態(tài)涵養(yǎng)發(fā)展區(qū)，而且也是首都經(jīng)濟(jì)重點(diǎn)拓展區(qū)域，因而為了平衡礦業(yè)開發(fā)與環(huán)境保護(hù)之間關(guān)系，在該地區(qū)開展礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載力評價(jià)顯得尤為重要。 論文在系統(tǒng)總結(jié)礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載力的內(nèi)涵和特點(diǎn)、研究方法和技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，從可持續(xù)發(fā)展角度，，利用遙感和地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)，探索符合礦產(chǎn)資源特點(diǎn)、區(qū)域發(fā)展規(guī)劃的研究理論和方法，為區(qū)域發(fā)展提供一定的思路和建議。 第一，在資料分析和野外調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上，采用綜合評價(jià)法構(gòu)建以自然環(huán)境、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)、基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)、礦山開發(fā)、礦山環(huán)境為指標(biāo)的多級評價(jià)體系，以MATLAB軟件為工具，計(jì)算指標(biāo)權(quán)重。 第二，以IKONOS高空間分辨率的遙感影像為基礎(chǔ)，依次進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)融合、幾何校正、圖像鑲嵌、波段選擇、色調(diào)調(diào)整、信息提取、圖像分類等工作，為后續(xù)研究提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。 第三，以GIS軟件為基礎(chǔ)，開展柵矢轉(zhuǎn)化、分級賦值、網(wǎng)格計(jì)算等數(shù)據(jù)處理，分級統(tǒng)計(jì)礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載力狀況；采用空間統(tǒng)計(jì)方法，挖掘礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載力空間信息，分析空間布局模式，針對性的解釋區(qū)域承載力的分布原因。 第四，通過分析礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載力屬性特征和空間特征，針對礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境承載能力較好的區(qū)域，提出建設(shè)生態(tài)涵養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)、重點(diǎn)發(fā)展生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)、合理規(guī)劃城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展等建議；針對礦山開發(fā)秩序混亂、礦山占地較多的前安嶺、懷北莊等承載力較差區(qū)域，提出提出擴(kuò)大資源整合范圍、加強(qiáng)非法開采監(jiān)查力度、推進(jìn)礦山環(huán)境恢復(fù)治理等對策。 通過對密云-懷柔鐵礦區(qū)礦山環(huán)境環(huán)境承載力研究，不僅描述了礦山開發(fā)特點(diǎn)和地質(zhì)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)特征，判斷礦業(yè)發(fā)展與環(huán)境系統(tǒng)是否協(xié)調(diào)，而且為區(qū)域可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)支撐。
[Abstract]:The bearing capacity of mine geological environment establishes the close relationship between mining development and geological environment, is an important measure to realize the allocation of resources and land planning, and is also the construction of resource-conserving type. The research area has high vegetation coverage, rich water resources and iron ore resources, and as an important water source and iron ore base in Beijing, it is not only an ecological conservation and development area. In order to balance the relationship between mining development and environmental protection, it is very important to evaluate the bearing capacity of geological environment in this area. On the basis of systematically summarizing the connotation and characteristics of the bearing capacity of mine geological environment, and on the basis of the research methods and techniques, from the point of view of sustainable development, the paper makes use of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technology to explore the characteristics of mineral resources. The research theory and method of regional development plan provide some ideas and suggestions for regional development. First, on the basis of data analysis and field investigation, a multi-level evaluation system with natural environment, social economy, basic geology, mine development and mine environment is constructed by comprehensive evaluation method. With MATLAB software as the tool, calculate the index weight. Secondly, based on IKONOS high spatial resolution remote sensing image, data fusion, geometric correction, image mosaic, band selection, hue adjustment, information extraction, image classification and so on are carried out in turn. To provide basic data for follow-up research. Thirdly, on the basis of GIS software, the data processing such as gate vector transformation, grading assignment, grid calculation and so on are carried out, and the carrying capacity of mine geological environment is classified and counted. The spatial information of mine geological environment carrying capacity is excavated by spatial statistical method, the spatial layout pattern is analyzed, and the distribution reason of regional bearing capacity is explained. In 4th, by analyzing the attribute and spatial characteristics of mine geological environment bearing capacity, the author puts forward the construction of ecological conservation system and the development of ecological economy in view of the area with better bearing capacity of mine geological environment. Rational planning of urban and rural development; Aiming at the poor carrying capacity of Qiananling and Huaibeizhuang, where the order of mine development is chaotic and the mines occupy more land, the paper proposes to expand the scope of resources integration and to strengthen the supervision and inspection of illegal mining. Promote the mine environment recovery and control and other countermeasures. By studying the environmental carrying capacity of mine in Miyun Huairou iron mine area, not only the characteristics of mine development and geological environment system are described, but also the coordination between mining development and environmental system is judged. It also provides theoretical basis and technical support for regional sustainable development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;P237;X82

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