本文關(guān)鍵詞： 建筑信息模型(BIM) 三維地理信息系統(tǒng)(3DGIS) IFC CityGML LOD　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：從數(shù)字城市到智慧城市升級的基本標(biāo)志之一就是城市管理的精細(xì)化,這對城市空間室內(nèi)、室外、地上、地下的一體化表達(dá)提出了前所未有的要求。由于城市立體環(huán)境很復(fù)雜,目前的測繪手段包括傾斜攝影測量、激光掃描、傳統(tǒng)測繪等都很難有效獲取建筑物內(nèi)部的立體結(jié)構(gòu),城市三維地理信息系統(tǒng)(ThreeDimensional Geographic Information System,3DGIS)的室內(nèi)信息相比室外信息仍然極度匱乏,難以滿足日益增長的應(yīng)用需求。近年來建筑信息模型(Building Information Model,BIM)技術(shù)快速發(fā)展,BIM模型精細(xì)程度高,特征參數(shù)化,語義信息豐富,對室內(nèi)信息的描述十分精細(xì),BIM模型精確的室內(nèi)信息可作為三維GIS室內(nèi)表達(dá)的重要數(shù)據(jù)源。本文針對BIM與GIS數(shù)據(jù)融合的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難題,選取BIM領(lǐng)域的Industry Foundation Classes(IFC)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),三維GIS領(lǐng)域采用城市地理標(biāo)記語言(City Geography Markup Launguage,CityGML)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),設(shè)計實現(xiàn)了從BIM實體模型自動提取多細(xì)節(jié)層次GIS表面模型的方法。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1.首先介紹本文的研究背景和研究意義,并總結(jié)國內(nèi)外對BIM與GIS融合及IFC與CityGML映射提取的相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢,在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出本文的研究目的與研究內(nèi)容,闡述本文研究的意義;2.針對IFC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與CityGML標(biāo)準(zhǔn)各自幾何、語義、結(jié)構(gòu)的差異,研究IFC與CityGML數(shù)據(jù)映射的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn);3.根據(jù)IFC與CityGML對建筑構(gòu)件要素的不同定義,建立IFC與CityGMLLOD1-LOD4的語義映射關(guān)系,基于語義映射關(guān)系對IFC模型進(jìn)行語義過濾;針對IFC與CityGML幾何表達(dá)的巨大差異,設(shè)計幾何重構(gòu)算法,將IFC模型的幾何信息重構(gòu)為符合CityGML標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的幾何信息,并根據(jù)CityGML建筑要素間的組織方式,對從IFC模型中提取的單個建筑構(gòu)件的幾何、語義信息進(jìn)行幾何語義重組織;同時設(shè)計CityGML LOD4到CityGML LOD1-LOD3的協(xié)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)換算法;4.基于 CityGML 應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域擴展(Application Domain Extensions,ADE)機制對IFC模型的語義信息進(jìn)行擴展,將從IFC模型中提取的屬性信息、樓層信息擴展到CityGML模型中。
[Abstract]:One of the basic signs of upgrading from the digital city to the intelligent city is the refinement of urban management, which is about the interior, outdoor and ground of urban space. The integration of underground expression has put forward unprecedented requirements. Due to the complexity of urban three-dimensional environment, the current surveying and mapping methods include tilt photogrammetry and laser scanning. Traditional surveying and mapping are very difficult to effectively obtain the three-dimensional structure inside the building. Three dimensional Geographic Information System. 3DGIS-indoor information is still extremely scarce compared with outdoor information. Building Information Model (BIM) technology has developed rapidly in recent years. BIM model is of high precision, parameterization, rich semantic information, and the description of indoor information is very fine. The accurate indoor information of BIM model can be used as an important data source for 3D GIS indoor representation. This paper aims at the key technical problems of BIM and GIS data fusion. Select the Industry Foundation Class IFC standard for the BIM domain. In the field of 3D GIS, the standard of City Geography Markup launch GML is adopted. This paper designs and implements a method to automatically extract multi-detail hierarchical GIS surface model from BIM solid model. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: 1. Firstly, the research background and significance of this paper are introduced. And summarizes the domestic and foreign BIM and GIS fusion and IFC and CityGML mapping extraction related research status and development trends, on the basis of this, put forward the purpose and research content of this paper. Explain the significance of this study; 2. Aiming at the differences of geometry, semantics and structure between IFC standard and CityGML standard, the key technical challenges of IFC and CityGML data mapping are studied. 3. According to the different definitions of IFC and CityGML, the semantic mapping relationship between IFC and CityGMLLOD1-LOD4 is established. Semantic filtering of IFC model based on semantic mapping relationship; Aiming at the great difference between IFC and CityGML geometric representation, a geometric reconstruction algorithm is designed to reconstruct the geometric information of IFC model into geometric information in accordance with CityGML standard. According to the organization mode of CityGML building elements, the geometric and semantic information of single building component extracted from IFC model is reorganized. At the same time, the coordinated conversion algorithm from CityGML LOD4 to CityGML LOD1-LOD3 is designed. 4. Extend Application Domain Extensions based on CityGML application domain. Ade) extends the semantic information of the IFC model and extends the attribute information extracted from the IFC model and the floor information to the CityGML model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P208

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