本文關(guān)鍵詞：土地覆被遙感監(jiān)測(cè)野外樣點(diǎn)信息采集與分析　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：野外地表覆被樣點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)是遙感影像分類與土地覆被制圖中訓(xùn)練樣本和精度驗(yàn)證樣本的重要來源,其數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量直接決定土地覆被遙感產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。獲取具有代表性的土地覆被野外樣點(diǎn)信息能夠?yàn)橥恋馗脖贿b感監(jiān)測(cè)提供科學(xué)的參考數(shù)據(jù)。移動(dòng)采樣集GPS技術(shù)、GIS技術(shù)和海量存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)以及無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)一體化,因其高效、簡(jiǎn)便地獲取豐富而海量的樣點(diǎn)信息受到許多研究學(xué)者的關(guān)注。本文詳細(xì)地研究了不接觸定位的原理與方法,在土地覆被移動(dòng)采樣理論基礎(chǔ)上,引入了電子羅盤定向技術(shù)和激光測(cè)距技術(shù),研發(fā)了土地覆被野外采樣系統(tǒng)(簡(jiǎn)稱LUCC采樣系統(tǒng)),并將其應(yīng)用到土地覆被實(shí)地調(diào)查中。同時(shí),基于統(tǒng)計(jì)方法和空間分析方法,結(jié)合樣區(qū)DEM、坡度等地形因子以及歷史土地覆被數(shù)據(jù),評(píng)價(jià)土地覆被野外樣點(diǎn)的代表性。通過土地覆被野外調(diào)查和數(shù)據(jù)分析,本文取得了以下幾個(gè)研究結(jié)論：(1)在普遍的移動(dòng)采樣方式基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合GPS定位、電子羅盤定向技術(shù)和激光測(cè)距技術(shù),以移動(dòng)電子設(shè)備為媒介,應(yīng)用交會(huì)測(cè)量和導(dǎo)線測(cè)量的原理實(shí)現(xiàn)可見遠(yuǎn)距離目標(biāo)的定位。結(jié)果表明,在200米范圍內(nèi),運(yùn)用LUCC采樣系統(tǒng)能夠不接觸目標(biāo)地物獲取它的空間坐標(biāo),且精度在30m以內(nèi)。即在運(yùn)用中低分辨率遙感影像進(jìn)行遙感監(jiān)測(cè)時(shí),運(yùn)用本文研發(fā)的野外采樣系統(tǒng)獲取土地覆被樣點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)誤差在一個(gè)像元以內(nèi),滿足土地覆被野外采樣需求。(2)在土地覆被實(shí)地調(diào)查過程中,以高分遙感影像和歷史土地覆被現(xiàn)狀圖為基礎(chǔ)底圖,土地覆被理論知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用LUCC采樣系統(tǒng)采集并糾正土地覆被樣點(diǎn)。結(jié)果表明,LUCC采樣系統(tǒng)能夠高效、準(zhǔn)確地獲取土地覆被野外樣點(diǎn)信息,包括空間信息、屬性信息與圖像信息。(3)基于Delaunay三角網(wǎng)和Voronoi圖,計(jì)算Delaunay三角網(wǎng)的聚集指數(shù)與Voronoi圖多邊形面積的變異指數(shù),評(píng)價(jià)土地覆被野外樣點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)的空間代表性。結(jié)果表明：運(yùn)用LUCC采樣系統(tǒng)獲取的土地覆被樣點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)集具有空間代表性。(4)本文以DEM、坡度以及歷史土地覆被現(xiàn)狀圖等輔助數(shù)據(jù)建立地形因子與土地覆被之間的相關(guān)知識(shí)。將歷史土地覆被面積和專業(yè)知識(shí)以文本文件或數(shù)據(jù)庫的形式存放在移動(dòng)設(shè)備中,指導(dǎo)野外采樣。同時(shí),根據(jù)專業(yè)知識(shí),運(yùn)用遙感監(jiān)測(cè)軟件和相關(guān)系數(shù)指標(biāo)定性評(píng)價(jià)土地覆被野外樣點(diǎn)的代表性。
[Abstract]:The wild land cover sample data of remote sensing image classification and land cover is an important source of training samples and to verify the accuracy of sample drawing, the data quality directly determines the quality of the land cover remote sensing products. To obtain representative of the land cover information of field sampling points for land cover to provide scientific reference data for remote sensing monitoring mobile sampling set GPS technology, GIS technology and mass storage technology and wireless network technology integration, because of its high efficiency, easy to get rich and sample information by many scholars. This paper studies the principle and method of non-contact positioning, in the land cover mobile sampling theory the introduction of the electronic compass, and laser ranging technology, research and development of the land cover field sampling system (LUCC sampling system), and its application to the land cover on-the-spot investigation. At the same time, statistics method and spatial analysis method based on the combination of area DEM, slope and historical land cover data, assessment of land cover representative field sampling points. Through field investigation and analysis of land cover data, this paper obtained the following conclusions: (1) sampling in universal mobile mode on the basis, combined with GPS positioning, electronic compass and laser ranging technology, mobile electronic equipment for the media, to realize positioning visible distance of the target intersection measurement principle and application of wire measurement. The results show that in the range of 200 meters, the sampling system using LUCC can not touch the object space coordinates it gets, and the accuracy of within 30m. The remote sensing monitoring in the use of low resolution remote sensing images, this paper uses research field sampling system to obtain land cover coordinate error of sample points within a pixel Meet the land cover, field sampling requirements. (2) in the land cover investigation process, using high-resolution remote sensing images and historical land cover map as the base map, land cover theory, LUCC system was used to collect and correct the land cover sample. The results show that the LUCC sampling system can efficient and accurate access to land cover field information, including spatial information, attribute information and image information. (3) Delaunay triangulation and Voronoi diagram based on variation index calculation Delaunay triangulation aggregation index and Voronoi map polygon area, assessment of land cover spatial representative field sampling data. The results show that the LUCC system was used to obtain the land cover sample data set with spatial representation. (4) based on the DEM, slope and historical land cover established by topography and land cover map of auxiliary data Related knowledge. The history of land cover area and professional knowledge in a text file or database stored in the mobile device, guide field sampling. At the same time, according to the professional knowledge, the use of remote sensing monitoring software and the correlation coefficient index for qualitative assessment of land cover representative field sampling points.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P237

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本文編號(hào)：1367057